{"slug": "scottish-people", "label": "Scottish people", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scottish_people", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181634", "qid": "Q181634", "description": "Celtic-Germanic ethnic group native to Scotland", "entries": 15, "years": 15, "span": [428, 1855], "span_label": ["428 CE", "1855 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 6}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 2}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 2}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 1}, {"title": "Births", "count": 1}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "picts", "label": "Picts", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "celtic-britons", "label": "Celtic Britons", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-scotland", "label": "Kingdom of Scotland", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "vikings", "label": "Vikings", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "strathclyde", "label": "Strathclyde", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "scotland", "label": "Scotland", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "lindisfarne", "label": "Lindisfarne", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "ecgfrith-of-northumbria", "label": "Ecgfrith of Northumbria", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "cuthbert", "label": "Cuthbert", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "great-britain", "label": "Great Britain", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "anglo-saxons", "label": "Anglo-Saxons", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "germanic-peoples", "label": "Germanic peoples", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 428, "year_label": "428 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "King Vortigern invites a number of Germanic warriors to aid him in consolidating his position in Britain, according to the Historia Brittonum. He hires Saxons who are probably settled in Kent as mercenaries to fight against the Picts and the Scots beyond Hadrian's Wall.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1321157185#Europe", "title": "428", "revid": 1321157185, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 603, "year_label": "603 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Battle of Degsastan: King Æthelfrith of Northumbria defeats the combined forces of the Strathclyde Britons and Scots under Áedán mac Gabráin, establishing the supremacy of the Angles in the northern part of what will become known as the British Isles.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364752956#Britain", "title": "603", "revid": 1364752956, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 634, "year_label": "634 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Battle of Heavenfield: Oswald, possibly accompanied by a force of Scots (or Picts), defeats and kills Cadwallon with a Welsh army near Hexham (northern England). He reunites Deira with Bernicia, and becomes king of Northumbria.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1299946990#Britain", "title": "634", "revid": 1299946990, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 685, "year_label": "685 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 20", "text": "May 20 – Battle of Dun Nechtain: The Picts under King Bridei III revolt against their Northumbrian overlords. Cuthbert, bishop of Lindisfarne, advises King Ecgfrith of Northumbria (Bridei's cousin) not to invade Pictland (modern Scotland). Undeterred, Ecgfrith marches his army north to engage the enemy near Dunnichen. The Picts, possibly with Scottish and Strathclyde Briton help, defeat the Saxon guard, killing Ecgfrith, who has reigned for 15 years, routing his army and forcing the Anglo-Saxons to withdraw south of the River Forth.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364749113#Britain", "title": "685", "revid": 1364749113, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 843, "year_label": "843 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "King Kenneth MacAlpin (Cináed mac Ailpín) of the Scots also becomes king of the Picts; he is crowned (on the Stone of Destiny) as first monarch of the new nation of Scotland. The Alpin Dynasty of Scottish kings begins to reign.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340941897#British_Isles", "title": "843", "revid": 1340941897, "section": "Events › By place › British Isles"}}, {"year": 846, "year_label": "846 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "King Æthelred II of Northumbria sends military assistance to the Picts, in their fight against the invading Scots (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1308185700#Britain", "title": "846", "revid": 1308185700, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 875, "year_label": "875 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Battle of Dollar: Invading Danish Vikings defeat the Scots and the Picts, under King Constantine I, at Dollar. They occupy Caithness, Sutherland, Ross and Moray, far to the north.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352180718#Britain", "title": "875", "revid": 1352180718, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 962, "year_label": "962 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Indulf, king of the Scots and Picts, dies after an 8-year reign. He is killed while fighting Vikings near Cullen, at the Battle of Bauds. Indulf is succeeded by his nephew Dub (Dub mac Maíl Coluim) as ruler of Scotland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341513175#Scotland", "title": "962", "revid": 1341513175, "section": "Events › By place › Scotland"}}, {"year": 1561, "year_label": "1561 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "The Anglo-Genevan metrical psalter is published, including the Old 100th, the version of the hymn All People That on Earth Do Dwell made from Psalm 100, attributed to the probably-Scottish clergyman and biblical translator William Kethe, exiled in Geneva.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358043209#Date_unknown", "title": "1561", "revid": 1358043209, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1637, "year_label": "1637 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Scottish army officer Robert Monro publishes Monro, His Expedition With the Worthy Scots Regiment Called Mac-Keys in London, the first military history in English.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1339166592#Date_unknown", "title": "1637", "revid": 1339166592, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1654, "year_label": "1654 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "November 23", "text": "November 23 – George Watson (accountant), a Scottish accountant and the founder of George Watson's College in Edinburgh (d. 1723)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365981814#Births", "title": "1654", "revid": 1365981814, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1773, "year_label": "1773 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Scottish judge James Burnett, Lord Monboddo, begins publication of Of the Origin and Progress of Language, a contribution to evolutionary ideas of the Enlightenment.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365114710#Date_unknown", "title": "1773", "revid": 1365114710, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1776, "year_label": "1776 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March 9", "text": "March 9 – Scottish economist Adam Smith publishes The Wealth of Nations in London.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365773863#March–April", "title": "1776", "revid": 1365773863, "section": "Events › March–April"}}, {"year": 1853, "year_label": "1853 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": null, "text": "The Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China is incorporated in London by Scotsman James Wilson, under a Royal Charter from Queen Victoria.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352708271#Date_unknown", "title": "1853", "revid": 1352708271, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1855, "year_label": "1855 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "November 17", "text": "November 17 – Scottish missionary explorer David Livingstone becomes the first European to see Victoria Falls, in modern-day Zambia–Zimbabwe.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358982600#October–December", "title": "1855", "revid": 1358982600, "section": "Events › October–December"}}]}