{"slug": "septimius-severus", "label": "Septimius Severus", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Septimius_Severus", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1442", "qid": "Q1442", "description": "Roman emperor from 193 to 211", "entries": 26, "years": 22, "span": [145, 218], "span_label": ["145 CE", "218 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 5}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 5}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 3}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 3}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 2}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 2}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 2}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 2}, {"title": "Births", "count": 1}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "geta-emperor", "label": "Geta (emperor)", "shared": 7}, {"slug": "caracalla", "label": "Caracalla", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "ancient-rome", "label": "Ancient Rome", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "roman-army", "label": "Roman army", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "roman-legionary", "label": "Roman legionary", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "africa-roman-province", "label": "Africa (Roman province)", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "scotland", "label": "Scotland", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "roman-britain", "label": "Roman Britain", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "roman-senate", "label": "Roman Senate", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "byzantium", "label": "Byzantium", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "lyon", "label": "Lyon", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "augustus-title", "label": "Augustus (title)", "shared": 2}], "items": [{"year": 145, "year_label": "145 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "April 11", "text": "April 11 – Septimius Severus, Roman emperor (d. 211)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267079583#Births", "title": "AD 145", "revid": 1267079583, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 187, "year_label": "187 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Septimius Severus marries Julia Domna (age 17), a Syrian princess, at Lugdunum (modern-day Lyon). She is the youngest daughter of high-priest Julius Bassianus – a descendant of the Royal House of Emesa. Her elder sister is Julia Maesa.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371308954#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 187", "revid": 1371308954, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 190, "year_label": "190 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "At the climax of his power, the freedman Marcus Aurelius Cleander appoints 25 men as Roman consuls. Amongst these is Lucius Septimius Severus, who later becomes emperor during the Year of the Five Emperors).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371309564#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 190", "revid": 1371309564, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 193, "year_label": "193 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 14", "text": "April 14 – Lucius Septimius Severus is proclaimed Emperor by his troops at Carnuntum, in Pannonia Superior (Balkans). He marches with his army to Rome.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371310592#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 193", "revid": 1371310592, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 195, "year_label": "195 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Septimius Severus has the Roman Senate deify the previous emperor Commodus, in an attempt to gain favor with the family of Marcus Aurelius.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371314035#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 195", "revid": 1371314035, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 196, "year_label": "196 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Septimius Severus attempts to assassinate Clodius Albinus but fails, causing Albinus to retaliate militarily.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371314273#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 196", "revid": 1371314273, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 196, "year_label": "196 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Septimius Severus captures and sacks Byzantium; the city is rebuilt and regains its previous prosperity.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371314273#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 196", "revid": 1371314273, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 197, "year_label": "197 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 19", "text": "February 19 – Battle of Lugdunum: Emperor Septimius Severus defeats the self-proclaimed emperor Clodius Albinus at Lugdunum (modern Lyon). Albinus commits suicide; legionaries sack the town.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371314350#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 197", "revid": 1371314350, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 198, "year_label": "198 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 28", "text": "January 28 – Publius Septimius Geta, son of Septimius Severus, receives the title of Caesar.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371314592#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 198", "revid": 1371314592, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 198, "year_label": "198 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 28", "text": "January 28 – Caracalla, son of Septimius Severus, is given the title of Augustus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371314592#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 198", "revid": 1371314592, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 199, "year_label": "199 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Septimius Severus lays siege to the city-state Hatra in Central-Mesopotamia, but fails to capture the city despite breaching the walls.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371314736#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 199", "revid": 1371314736, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 200, "year_label": "200 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Septimius Severus visits the provinces of Syria, Palestine, and Arabia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371377327#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 200", "revid": 1371377327, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 200, "year_label": "200 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "The Severan Tondo, depicting Septimius Severus, Julia Domna and their children Geta and Caracalla, from Fayum, Egypt, is made. It is now kept at Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Antikensammlung.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371377327#Art", "title": "AD 200", "revid": 1371377327, "section": "Events › By topic › Art"}}, {"year": 202, "year_label": "202 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Septimius Severus returns to Rome after a five-year absence. Festivals are held to celebrate his six-year reign. Severus undertakes changes in the imperial government, giving the Roman army a dominant role, raising pay in the legions and permitting legionaries to marry in order to secure their loyalty.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367880704#Roman_Empire", "title": "202", "revid": 1367880704, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 203, "year_label": "203 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Septimius Severus rebuilds Byzantium, and expands the southern frontier of Africa, with the metropolis Carthage re-fortified.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371189154#Roman_Empire", "title": "203", "revid": 1371189154, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 204, "year_label": "204 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": null, "text": "A trade recession in the Leptis Magna region (Africa) is alleviated by Emperor Septimius Severus, who buys up the country's olive oil for free distribution in Rome.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1262644787#Commerce", "title": "204", "revid": 1262644787, "section": "Events › By topic › Commerce"}}, {"year": 206, "year_label": "206 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Septimius Severus goes to Britain, with his sons Caracalla and Geta.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371192198#Roman_Empire", "title": "206", "revid": 1371192198, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 208, "year_label": "208 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Septimius Severus leads an expedition (20,000 men) into Britannia, crosses Hadrian's Wall and moves through eastern Scotland. The Roman army pushes the Caledonians back to the River Tay and Severus signs a peace treaty. He repairs the Antonine Wall (his repairs are sometimes called the Severan Wall).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371187746#Roman_Empire", "title": "208", "revid": 1371187746, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 209, "year_label": "209 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Publius Septimius Geta receives the titles of Imperator and Augustus from his father, Emperor Septimius Severus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371191170#Roman_Empire", "title": "209", "revid": 1371191170, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 210, "year_label": "210 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Having suffered heavy losses since invading Scotland in 208, Emperor Septimius Severus sends his son - Caracalla - to systematically wipe out and torture the Scots into submission.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371191290#Roman_Empire", "title": "210", "revid": 1371191290, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 211, "year_label": "211 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "February 4", "text": "February 4 – Emperor Septimius Severus, having fallen ill, dies in Eboracum (modern-day York) while on campaign in Britain after an 18-year reign. He is later deified by the Senate. His sons Caracalla and Geta succeed him as joint Roman emperors.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371189735#Roman_Empire", "title": "211", "revid": 1371189735, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 211, "year_label": "211 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "February 4", "text": "February 4 – Septimius Severus, Roman emperor (b. 145)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371189735#Deaths", "title": "211", "revid": 1371189735, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 212, "year_label": "212 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "Roman jurist Papinian, one of the famous jurists who flourished during the reign of the late emperor Septimius Severus, refuses to write a legal defence for the murder of Caracalla's brother, Emperor Geta. He is beheaded in Rome, in Caracalla's presence.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371186817#Roman_Empire", "title": "212", "revid": 1371186817, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 216, "year_label": "216 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "The basilica of Leptis Magna, ordered by Septimius Severus, is completed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371188509#Roman_Empire", "title": "216", "revid": 1371188509, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 217, "year_label": "217 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "Empress Julia, wife of Septimius Severus and mother of Caracalla and Geta, commits suicide.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371227173#Roman_Empire", "title": "217", "revid": 1371227173, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 218, "year_label": "218 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": null, "text": "The silver content of the Roman denarius falls to 43 percent under the reign of Elagabalus, down from 50 percent under Septimius Severus, as he empties the treasury.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371188214#Commerce", "title": "218", "revid": 1371188214, "section": "Events › By topic › Commerce"}}]}