{"slug": "simon-de-montfort-5th-earl-of-leicester", "label": "Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_de_Montfort%2C_5th_Earl_of_Leicester", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q303703", "qid": "Q303703", "description": "leader of the Albigensian Crusade", "entries": 8, "years": 7, "span": [1209, 1231], "span_label": ["1209 CE", "1231 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 5}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "albigensian-crusade", "label": "Albigensian Crusade", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "catharism", "label": "Catharism", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "toulouse", "label": "Toulouse", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "languedoc", "label": "Languedoc", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "france-in-the-middle-ages", "label": "France in the Middle Ages", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "henry-iii-of-england", "label": "Henry III of England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "hampshire", "label": "Hampshire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "dorset", "label": "Dorset", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "simon-de-montfort-6th-earl-of-leicester", "label": "Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "wiltshire", "label": "Wiltshire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "county-of-toulouse", "label": "County of Toulouse", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1209, "year_label": "1209 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 22", "text": "July 22 – Massacre at Béziers: The Crusader army, led by Simon de Monfort, arrives in the Languedoc area, and makes camp at Béziers, to start a siege. The citizens, believing that their city walls are impregnable, harass the Crusaders, by sending a group of soldiers (supported by armed civilians) to launch a sortie against their camp. When they are forced to retreat, the Crusaders storm the walls (which are not properly manned) and enter the gate, sacking and killing some 20,000 Cathars and Catholics alike.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362169644#Europe", "title": "1209", "revid": 1362169644, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1210, "year_label": "1210 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 22", "text": "November 22 – Siege of Termes: The Castle of Termes falls to Simon de Montfort during the Albigensian Crusade.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1321284058#Europe", "title": "1210", "revid": 1321284058, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1211, "year_label": "1211 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Spring – Albigensian Crusade: Crusader forces led by Simon de Montfort conquer Toulouse and besiege Lavaur in southern France. On May 3, the city is retaken; on orders of Montfort the senior knights are hanged and some 400 Cathars are burned alive.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360876354#Europe", "title": "1211", "revid": 1360876354, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1213, "year_label": "1213 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 12", "text": "September 12 – Battle of Muret: The Toulousain and Aragonese forces of Raymond VI of Toulouse and Peter II of Aragon are defeated by the Albigensian Crusade, under Simon de Montfort.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362170181#Events", "title": "1213", "revid": 1362170181, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1215, "year_label": "1215 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "January 8", "text": "January 8 – Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester, is elected lord of Languedoc in a council at Montpellier (Southern France), after his campaign against the Cathar heretics during the Albigensian Crusade. The Crusaders capture Château de Castelnaud-la-Chapelle and enter Toulouse; the town pays an indemnity of 30,000 marks and is gifted to Montfort.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359458031#Europe", "title": "1215", "revid": 1359458031, "section": "Events › By continent › Europe"}}, {"year": 1218, "year_label": "1218 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 25", "text": "June 25 – Siege of Toulouse: During a counter-assault, Simon de Montfort is killed by a stone from one of the defender's siege engines. The leadership of the Albigensian Crusade falls to Simon's son Amaury de Montfort, who lifts the siege a month later. Raymond VI is restored as count of Toulouse after a popular rebellion.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1347207200#Europe", "title": "1218", "revid": 1347207200, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1218, "year_label": "1218 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 25", "text": "June 25 – Simon de Montfort, French nobleman", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1347207200#Deaths", "title": "1218", "revid": 1347207200, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1231, "year_label": "1231 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August 13", "text": "August 13 – King Henry III orders the sheriffs of Hampshire, Dorsetshire and Wiltshire to give Simon de Montfort the possession of the lands of his father, Simon de Montfort the elder.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367488978#Britain", "title": "1231", "revid": 1367488978, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}]}