{"slug": "slavery", "label": "Slavery", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slavery", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8463", "qid": "Q8463", "description": "system under which people are treated as property to be bought and sold, and are forced to work", "entries": 21, "years": 21, "span": [-103, 1848], "span_label": ["104 BCE", "1848 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 9}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 5}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 2}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 2}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "zanj-rebellion", "label": "Zanj Rebellion", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "zanj", "label": "Zanj", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "iraq", "label": "Iraq", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "byzantine-empire", "label": "Byzantine Empire", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "mesopotamia", "label": "Mesopotamia", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "greece", "label": "Greece", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "ancient-corinth", "label": "Ancient Corinth", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "peloponnese", "label": "Peloponnese", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "arabs", "label": "Arabs", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "sweden", "label": "Sweden", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "ireland", "label": "Ireland", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "norway", "label": "Norway", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -103, "year_label": "104 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Second Servile War: Athenion starts a slave rebellion in Segesta (Sicily).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1305141071#Roman_Republic", "title": "104 BC", "revid": 1305141071, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": 34, "year_label": "34 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The original inhabitants of Dacia revolt against the Sarmatian tribe of Iazyges, who had enslaved them.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369986487#Europe", "title": "30s", "revid": 1369986487, "section": "Events › 34 AD › Europe"}}, {"year": 401, "year_label": "401 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "Piracy is committed by slave-traders from Galatia (Anatolia), along the coasts of Africa.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1334186664#Roman_Empire", "title": "401", "revid": 1334186664, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 533, "year_label": "533 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 13", "text": "September 13 – Battle of Ad Decimum: Gelimer attempts to ambush the Byzantines in a defile at the \"10th milestone\" from Carthage; due to inadequate coordination and the alertness of Belisarius, the attack is repulsed and the Vandals are scattered into the desert. Belisarius enters the capital and orders his soldiers not to kill or enslave the population. The fleet is stationed in the Lake of Tunis.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340793764#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "533", "revid": 1340793764, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 541, "year_label": "541 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Autumn – Totila is elected king by the Ostrogothic nobles after the death of his uncle Ildibad. He wins the support of the lower classes by liberating slaves and distributing land to the peasants.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1299131059#Europe", "title": "541", "revid": 1299131059, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 652, "year_label": "652 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf, companion (sahabah) of Muhammad, frees 30,000 slaves at his death (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367635695#Arab_Empire", "title": "652", "revid": 1367635695, "section": "Events › By place › Arab Empire"}}, {"year": 674, "year_label": "674 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Muslim-Arabs raid Crete, killing and enslaving many soldiers (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352002710#Europe", "title": "674", "revid": 1352002710, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 681, "year_label": "681 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "January 9", "text": "January 9 – Twelfth Council of Toledo: King Erwig of the Visigoths initiates a council, in which he implements diverse measures against the Jews. Laws against violence to slaves are suppressed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367426529#Europe", "title": "681", "revid": 1367426529, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 739, "year_label": "739 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Great Berber Revolt: The Berbers break out in revolt against the Umayyad rulers at Maghreb, in response to the oppressive, (and, by Islamic law, illegal) tax-collection and slave-tribute. The rebellion is led by the chieftain (alleged water-carrier) Maysara al-Matghari. He successfully seizes Tangier, and rapidly captures much of western Morocco. The Berber rebellion which erupts not only undermines caliphal rule and fragments the wilayat or province of Ifriqiya (North Africa), but paves the way for the emergence of autonomous local Arab dynasties.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340809724#Africa", "title": "739", "revid": 1340809724, "section": "Events › By place › Africa"}}, {"year": 805, "year_label": "805 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Siege of Patras: Local Slavic tribes of the Peloponnese lay siege to the city of Patras (modern Greece), with aid from an Arab fleet. A Byzantine relief army under Skleros, military governor (strategos) from Corinth, is sent and retakes the city. The captured Slavs in Patras are made slaves, and a church is dedicated to St. Andrew.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361734873#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "805", "revid": 1361734873, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 841, "year_label": "841 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The town of Dyflin (meaning \"Black Pool\") or Dublin (modern Ireland) is founded by Norwegian Vikings, on the south bank of the River Liffey. The settlement is fortified with a ditch and an earth rampart, with a wooden palisade on top. The Norsemen establish a wool weaving industry, and there is also a slave trade. An artificial hill is erected, where the nobility meets to make laws and discuss policy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360650312#Ireland", "title": "841", "revid": 1360650312, "section": "Events › By place › Ireland"}}, {"year": 869, "year_label": "869 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Zanj Rebellion: The Zanj (black slaves from East Africa), provoked by mercilessly harsh labor conditions in salt flats, and on the sugar and cotton plantations of southwestern Persia, revolt.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369351830#Arabian_Empire", "title": "869", "revid": 1369351830, "section": "Events › By place › Arabian Empire"}}, {"year": 870, "year_label": "870 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Zanj Rebellion: The Zanj (black slaves from East Africa) capture the Abbasid seaport of Al-Ubullah at the Persian Gulf, and cut off communications with Basra (modern Iraq).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341129562#Abbasid_Caliphate", "title": "870", "revid": 1341129562, "section": "Events › By place › Abbasid Caliphate"}}, {"year": 872, "year_label": "872 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Zanj Rebellion: The Zanj (black slaves from East Africa) defeat the Abbasid forces, led by caliphal regent Al-Muwaffaq (brother of caliph Al-Mu'tamid). Hostilities in Mesopotamia (Southern Iraq) will preoccupy Al-Muwaffaq, and the Zanj will remain on the offensive over the next several years.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267071842#Arabian_Empire", "title": "872", "revid": 1267071842, "section": "Events › By place › Arabian Empire"}}, {"year": 878, "year_label": "878 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Zanj Rebellion: The Zanj (black slaves from East Africa) in Mesopotamia seize Wasit (modern Iraq), and establish a presence in the Persian province of Khuzestan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353695287#Arabian_Empire", "title": "878", "revid": 1353695287, "section": "Events › By place › Arabian Empire"}}, {"year": 1335, "year_label": "1335 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Slavery is abolished in Sweden.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267067892#Date_unknown", "title": "1335", "revid": 1267067892, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1511, "year_label": "1511 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The first black slaves arrive in Colombia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367291242#Date_unknown", "title": "1511", "revid": 1367291242, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1802, "year_label": "1802 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "January 29", "text": "January 29 – The French Saint-Domingue expedition (40,000 troops) led by General Charles Leclerc (Bonaparte's brother-in-law) lands in Saint-Domingue (modern Haiti) in an attempt to restore colonial rule following the Haitian Revolution in which Toussaint Louverture (a black former slave) has proclaimed himself Governor-General for Life and established control over Hispaniola.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341741915#January–March", "title": "1802", "revid": 1341741915, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1834, "year_label": "1834 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August 1", "text": "August 1 – Slavery is abolished in the British Empire, by the Slavery Abolition Act 1833.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360367111#July–September", "title": "1834", "revid": 1360367111, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1835, "year_label": "1835 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 1", "text": "February 1 – Slavery is finally abolished in British-administered Mauritius, with compensation to slaveowners.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364866184#January–March", "title": "1835", "revid": 1364866184, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1848, "year_label": "1848 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "December 20", "text": "December 20 – Slavery is abolished in Réunion (this day is celebrated every year from 1981).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370038858#October–December", "title": "1848", "revid": 1370038858, "section": "Events › October–December"}}]}