{"slug": "south-african-republic", "label": "South African Republic", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_African_Republic", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q550374", "qid": "Q550374", "description": "independent Boer-ruled country in Southern Africa between 1856–1902", "entries": 9, "years": 8, "span": [1852, 1900], "span_label": ["1852 CE", "1900 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 3}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 3}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 2}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "cape-colony", "label": "Cape Colony", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "mozambique", "label": "Mozambique", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "johannesburg", "label": "Johannesburg", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1852, "year_label": "1852 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 17", "text": "January 17 – The United Kingdom recognizes the independence of the Transvaal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354165010#January–March", "title": "1852", "revid": 1354165010, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1877, "year_label": "1877 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 12", "text": "April 12 – The United Kingdom annexes the South African Republic, violating the Sand River Convention of 1852, causing the First Boer War.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370239819#April", "title": "1877", "revid": 1370239819, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1880, "year_label": "1880 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 30", "text": "December 30 – The Transvaal becomes a republic, and Paul Kruger becomes its first president.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371273111#December", "title": "1880", "revid": 1371273111, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1890, "year_label": "1890 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "March 17", "text": "March 17 – The first railway in Transvaal, the Randtram, opens between Boksburg and Braamfontein in Johannesburg.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364071388#March", "title": "1890", "revid": 1364071388, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1893, "year_label": "1893 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "May 23", "text": "May 23 – Gandhi arrives in South Africa, where he will live until 1914, lead non-violent protests on behalf of Indian immigrants in the South African Republic (Transvaal), and develop a deeper experience of such activities.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369946190#May", "title": "1893", "revid": 1369946190, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1895, "year_label": "1895 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "December 15", "text": "December 15 – The railways of the Cape of Good Hope, Colony of Natal, the Orange Free State, the South African Republic and southern Mozambique are all linked at Union Junction near Alberton.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364324653#December", "title": "1895", "revid": 1364324653, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1899, "year_label": "1899 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 26", "text": "June 26 – Joseph Chamberlain sets into motion the Second Boer War after receiving an appeal from the British Cape Colony in South Africa to help British subjects oppressed in the Transvaal Republic.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371393177#June", "title": "1899", "revid": 1371393177, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1899, "year_label": "1899 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 15", "text": "September 15 – Preparing for an attack on Britain's Cape Colony from the neighboring Transvaal Republic, Robert Baden-Powell arrives at the border town of Mafeking and begins recruiting volunteers and stockpiling munitions to prepare for an attack and siege.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371393177#September", "title": "1899", "revid": 1371393177, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1900, "year_label": "1900 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 25", "text": "October 25 – The United Kingdom annexes the Transvaal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373317536#October", "title": "1900", "revid": 1373317536, "section": "Events › October"}}]}