{"slug": "south-pole", "label": "South Pole", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Pole", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q933", "qid": "Q933", "description": "one of the two points where the Earth's axis of rotation intersects its surface", "entries": 10, "years": 8, "span": [1909, 2007], "span_label": ["1909 CE", "2007 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 7}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 2}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "united-states-navy", "label": "United States Navy", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "north-pole", "label": "North Pole", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1909, "year_label": "1909 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "January 9", "text": "January 9 – The British Nimrod Expedition to the South Pole, led by Ernest Shackleton, arrives at the farthest south reached by any prior expedition, at 88°23' S, prior to turning back due to diminishing supplies.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373420847#January–February", "title": "1909", "revid": 1373420847, "section": "Events › January–February"}}, {"year": 1911, "year_label": "1911 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "December 14", "text": "December 14 – Amundsen and Scott expeditions: Roald Amundsen's Norwegian expedition reaches the geographical South Pole, 34 days ahead of Capt. Scott. News of Amundsen's success will not reach the outside world until next March.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373497014#December", "title": "1911", "revid": 1373497014, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1912, "year_label": "1912 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "January 17", "text": "January 17 – British polar explorer Captain Robert Falcon Scott and a team of four become the second expeditionary group to reach the South Pole.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373503730#January", "title": "1912", "revid": 1373503730, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1912, "year_label": "1912 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "March 7", "text": "March 7 – Roald Amundsen, in Hobart, Tasmania, announces his success in reaching the South Pole the previous December.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373503730#March", "title": "1912", "revid": 1373503730, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1929, "year_label": "1929 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "November 29", "text": "November 29 – Bernt Balchen, U.S. Admiral Richard E. Byrd, Captain Ashley McKinley and Harold June become the first to fly over the South Pole.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372436446#November", "title": "1929", "revid": 1372436446, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1956, "year_label": "1956 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "October 31", "text": "October 31 – A United States Navy team becomes the third group to reach the South Pole (arriving by air), and commences construction of the first permanent Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370022627#October", "title": "1956", "revid": 1370022627, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1958, "year_label": "1958 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "January 4", "text": "January 4 – Edmund Hillary's Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition completes the third overland journey to the South Pole, the first to use powered vehicles.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371827125#January", "title": "1958", "revid": 1371827125, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1958, "year_label": "1958 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "March 2", "text": "March 2 – A British Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition team, led by Sir Vivian Fuchs, completes the first overland crossing of the Antarctic, using snowcat caterpillar tractors and dogsled teams, in 99 days, via the South Pole.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371827125#March", "title": "1958", "revid": 1371827125, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1989, "year_label": "1989 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "December 11", "text": "December 11 – The International Trans-Antarctica Expedition, a group of six explorers from six nations, reaches the South Pole.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369557705#December", "title": "1989", "revid": 1369557705, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 2007, "year_label": "2007 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "March 1", "text": "March 1 – The fourth International Polar Year, a $1.73 billion research program to study both the North Pole and South Pole, is launched in Paris.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370930640#March", "title": "2007", "revid": 1370930640, "section": "Events › March"}}]}