{"slug": "st-albans", "label": "St Albans", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_Albans", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6226", "qid": "Q6226", "description": "city and unparished area in southern Hertfordshire, England", "entries": 8, "years": 8, "span": [49, 1660], "span_label": ["49 CE", "1660 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 4}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 3}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "celtic-britons", "label": "Celtic Britons", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "london-bridge", "label": "London Bridge", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "legio-ix-hispana", "label": "Legio IX Hispana", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-england", "label": "Kingdom of England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "roman-britain", "label": "Roman Britain", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-kent", "label": "Kingdom of Kent", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "saxons", "label": "Saxons", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-essex", "label": "Kingdom of Essex", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "offa-of-mercia", "label": "Offa of Mercia", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 49, "year_label": "49 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "In Britain, governor Publius Ostorius Scapula founds a colonia for Roman veterans at Camulodunum (Colchester). Verulamium (St Albans) is probably established as a municipium the same year. A legion is stationed on the borders of the Silures of South Wales in preparation for invasion.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373289291#AD_49", "title": "40s", "revid": 1373289291, "section": "Timeline › AD 49"}}, {"year": 60, "year_label": "60 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Boudica leads a rebellion of the Iceni against Roman rule in alliance with the Trinovantes, Cornovii, Durotriges and Celtic Britons. The Iceni and Trinovantes first destroy the Roman capital Camulodunum (Colchester), wipe out the infantry of the Legio IX Hispana (commanded by Quintus Petillius Cerialis) and go on to burn Londinium (London) (probably destroying London Bridge) and Verulamium (St Albans), in all cases massacring the inhabitants by the thousands.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372200754#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 60", "revid": 1372200754, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 61, "year_label": "61 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Boudica leads a rebellion of the Iceni against Roman rule in alliance with the Trinovantes, Cornovii, Durotriges and Celtic Britons. The Iceni and Trinovantes first destroy the Roman capital Camulodunum (Colchester), wipe out the infantry of the Legio IX Hispana (commanded by Quintus Petillius Cerialis) and go on to burn Londinium (London) (probably destroying London Bridge) and Verulamium (St Albans), in all cases massacring the inhabitants in their thousands.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364752182#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 61", "revid": 1364752182, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 527, "year_label": "527 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The Kingdom of Essex is founded by the Saxons, who land north of the Thames. They take control of the land between what is now London and St Albans, ceding from the Kingdom of Kent", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340793725#Britannia", "title": "527", "revid": 1340793725, "section": "Events › By place › Britannia"}}, {"year": 793, "year_label": "793 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "King Offa of Mercia founds an abbey at St Albans.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364906953#Religion", "title": "793", "revid": 1364906953, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1143, "year_label": "1143 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Autumn – Stephen arrests Geoffrey de Mandeville, 1st Earl of Essex, during a meeting of the Royal Court at St. Albans. He is charged with treason against Stephen, but given his freedom back in return for surrendering his title and castles. Geoffrey becomes an outlaw and fortifies Ramsey Abbey, where he sets up his headquarters to plunder the countryside of Ely.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1337864253#England", "title": "1143", "revid": 1337864253, "section": "Events › By place › England"}}, {"year": 1553, "year_label": "1553 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "May 12", "text": "May 12 – St Albans, in England, receives its first royal charter as a borough.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362480437#April–June", "title": "1553", "revid": 1362480437, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1660, "year_label": "1660 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "January 31", "text": "January 31 – The Rump Parliament confirms the promotion of Colonel George Monck to the rank of General and he receives the commission of rank while at St Albans.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365986539#January–March", "title": "1660", "revid": 1365986539, "section": "Events › January–March"}}]}