{"slug": "suez-canal", "label": "Suez Canal", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez_Canal", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899", "qid": "Q899", "description": "artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt", "entries": 18, "years": 13, "span": [1504, 2021], "span_label": ["1504 CE", "2021 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 15}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 2}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "egypt", "label": "Egypt", "shared": 12}, {"slug": "israel", "label": "Israel", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "sinai-peninsula", "label": "Sinai Peninsula", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "mediterranean-sea", "label": "Mediterranean Sea", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "red-sea", "label": "Red Sea", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "alexandria", "label": "Alexandria", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "council-of-ten", "label": "Council of Ten", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1504, "year_label": "1504 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "The Council of Ten discusses the advisability of proposing a scheme of a Suez Canal to the Sultan of Egypt, at the time Al-Ashraf Qansuh al-Ghuri, but the discussion is eventually abandoned.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365936803#Date_unknown", "title": "1504", "revid": 1365936803, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1854, "year_label": "1854 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "November 17", "text": "November 17 – In Egypt, the Suez Canal Company is formed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362496011#October–December", "title": "1854", "revid": 1362496011, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1859, "year_label": "1859 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "April 25", "text": "April 25 – Ground is broken for the Suez Canal, in Egypt.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371179353#April–June", "title": "1859", "revid": 1371179353, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1869, "year_label": "1869 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "November 17", "text": "November 17 – In Egypt, the Suez Canal, linking the Mediterranean Sea with the Red Sea, is inaugurated in an elaborate ceremony.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360511845#November", "title": "1869", "revid": 1360511845, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1875, "year_label": "1875 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "November 26", "text": "November 26 – The Times newspaper in London reveals that Isma'il Pasha has sold Egypt's 44% share in the Suez Canal to Britain, in a deal secured by Benjamin Disraeli, without the prior sanction of the British Parliament.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371928758#November", "title": "1875", "revid": 1371928758, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1882, "year_label": "1882 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "July 11", "text": "July 11–13 – Anglo-Egyptian War: The British Mediterranean Fleet carries out the Bombardment of Alexandria, its forces capturing the city of Alexandria, Egypt, and securing the Suez Canal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360586433#July", "title": "1882", "revid": 1360586433, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1950, "year_label": "1950 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "March 22", "text": "March 22 – Egypt demands that Britain remove all its troops from the Suez Canal zone.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371638577#March", "title": "1950", "revid": 1371638577, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1951, "year_label": "1951 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "November 2", "text": "November 2 – 6,000 British troops are flown into Egypt to quell unrest in the Suez Canal zone.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368856437#November", "title": "1951", "revid": 1368856437, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1956, "year_label": "1956 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "December 23", "text": "December 23 – British and French troops leave the Suez Canal region.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370022627#December", "title": "1956", "revid": 1370022627, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1956, "year_label": "1956 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "July 26", "text": "July 26 – Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser nationalizes the Suez Canal, sparking international condemnation.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370022627#July", "title": "1956", "revid": 1370022627, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1956, "year_label": "1956 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 24", "text": "October 24 – The Protocol of Sèvres, a secret agreement between Israel, France and the United Kingdom, is signed, allowing the former to invade the Sinai Peninsula of Egypt and occupy the Suez Canal with the support of the other two governments, giving rise to the Suez Crisis.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370022627#October", "title": "1956", "revid": 1370022627, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1956, "year_label": "1956 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 29", "text": "October 29 – Suez Crisis: Israel invades the Sinai Peninsula and pushes Egyptian forces back toward the Suez Canal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370022627#October", "title": "1956", "revid": 1370022627, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1956, "year_label": "1956 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "October 31", "text": "October 31 – Suez Crisis: The United Kingdom and France begin bombing Egypt to force the reopening of the Suez Canal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370022627#October", "title": "1956", "revid": 1370022627, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1957, "year_label": "1957 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "April 9", "text": "April 9 – Egypt reopens the Suez Canal to all shipping.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371361971#April", "title": "1957", "revid": 1371361971, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1957, "year_label": "1957 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "March 8", "text": "March 8 – Egypt re-opens the Suez Canal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371361971#March", "title": "1957", "revid": 1371361971, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1967, "year_label": "1967 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "October 21", "text": "October 21 – An Egyptian surface-to-surface missile sinks the Israeli destroyer Eilat, killing 47 Israeli sailors. Israel retaliates by shelling Egyptian refineries along the Suez Canal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370160888#October", "title": "1967", "revid": 1370160888, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1975, "year_label": "1975 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "June 5", "text": "June 5 – The Suez Canal opens for the first time since the Six-Day War.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369955775#June", "title": "1975", "revid": 1369955775, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 2021, "year_label": "2021 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "March 23", "text": "March 23 – Ever Given, one of the largest container ships in the world, runs aground and obstructs the Suez Canal, disrupting global trade. The ship is freed on March 29.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372689859#March", "title": "2021", "revid": 1372689859, "section": "Events › March"}}]}