{"slug": "syria-roman-province", "label": "Syria (Roman province)", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria_%28Roman_province%29", "wikidata": null, "qid": null, "description": null, "entries": 13, "years": 13, "span": [-42, 608], "span_label": ["43 BCE", "608 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 7}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 2}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 2}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "byzantine-empire", "label": "Byzantine Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "sassanid-empire", "label": "Sassanid Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "euphrates", "label": "Euphrates", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "babylon", "label": "Babylon", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "khosrau-i", "label": "Khosrau I", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "byzantinesassanid-war-of-572591", "label": "Byzantine–Sassanid War of 572–591", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "dara-mesopotamia", "label": "Dara (Mesopotamia)", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "roman-empire", "label": "Roman Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "roman-consul", "label": "Roman consul", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "jerusalem", "label": "Jerusalem", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "antioch", "label": "Antioch", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "judea", "label": "Judea", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -42, "year_label": "43 BCE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "Antony marches to Parma (which is sacked) and Placentia. He then crosses the Ligurian Alps to Vada Sabatia, 50 km 0 south-west of Genoa, and joins with Aemilius Lepidus, soon after Decimus Brutus is killed by brigands. The Senate declares Antony a hostis, an enemy of the state. Sextus Pompey becomes supreme commander of the Roman navy and Gaius Cassius proconsul of Syria.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1338224737#Roman_Republic", "title": "43 BC", "revid": 1338224737, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -34, "year_label": "35 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Marcus Titius arrives in Syria with a large army and marches to Asia Minor. Sextus is caught in Miletus and executed without trial.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1325862738#Roman_Republic", "title": "35 BC", "revid": 1325862738, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -13, "year_label": "14 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Winter – The Roman Legio X Fretensis is stationed in Syria, and the legionaries are settled at the ancient city of Beirut.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372034303#Roman_Empire", "title": "14 BC", "revid": 1372034303, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": -3, "year_label": "4 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Herod the Great dies, which causes unrest in his client kingdom of Judea. His son, Herod Archelaus, becomes the new ruler. Herod Antipas becomes tetrarch of Galilee and Perea,and the governor of Syria, Publius Quinctilius Varus, marches down to Jerusalem from Antioch to restore order; around 3000 Jews are crucified.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371257874#Roman_Empire", "title": "0s BC", "revid": 1371257874, "section": "Events › 4 BC › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 16, "year_label": "16 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Vonones, the beleaguered king of Armenia, is summoned to Syria, by Roman governor Creticus Silanus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371078816#Roman_Empire", "title": "10s", "revid": 1371078816, "section": "Events › 16 AD › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 18, "year_label": "18 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Winter – Germanicus Caesar arrives in Syria, as new commander-in-chief for the Roman East.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371078816#Syria", "title": "10s", "revid": 1371078816, "section": "Events › 18 AD › Syria"}}, {"year": 20, "year_label": "20 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso, Roman statesman and governor of Syria (b. 44 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369984933#20_AD", "title": "20s", "revid": 1369984933, "section": "Deaths › 20 AD"}}, {"year": 36, "year_label": "36 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Herod Antipas suffers major losses in a war with Aretas IV of Nabatea, provoked partly by Antipas' divorce of Aretas' daughter. According to Josephus, Herod's defeat was popularly believed to be divine punishment for his execution of John the Baptist. Emperor Tiberius orders his governor of Syria, Vitellius, to capture or kill Aretas, but he is reluctant to support Herod and abandons his campaign upon Tiberius' death in AD 37.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369986487#Roman_Empire", "title": "30s", "revid": 1369986487, "section": "Events › 36 AD › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 66, "year_label": "66 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Mid–late October – Cestius Gallus, legate of Syria, marches into Judea and leads a Roman army of 30,000 men to put down the Jewish rebellion. At its core is Legio XII Fulminata, plus 2,000 selected men from the other three Syrian legions, six more cohorts of infantry and four alae of cavalry, plus over 14,000 auxiliaries furnished by Rome's eastern allies, including Herod Agrippa II and two other client kings, Antiochus IV of Commagene and Sohaemus of Emesa, who lead their forces (largely archers and cavalry) in person.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330182683#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 66", "revid": 1330182683, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 200, "year_label": "200 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Septimius Severus visits the provinces of Syria, Palestine, and Arabia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371377327#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 200", "revid": 1371377327, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 248, "year_label": "248 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The revolts of Pacatianus in Moesia and Iotapianus in Syria are put down by Senator Trajan Decius, by order of Emperor Philip the Arab.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371189423#Roman_Empire", "title": "248", "revid": 1371189423, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 573, "year_label": "573 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Byzantine–Sassanid War: Persian forces under the command of King Khosrau I capture the Byzantine stronghold of Dara, after a six-month siege. Meanwhile, a smaller Persian army under Adarmahan advances from Babylon through the desert, crosses the Euphrates River and ravages Syria. The cities of Apamea and Antiochia are plundered.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332331069#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "573", "revid": 1332331069, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 608, "year_label": "608 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Heraclius proclaims himself and his son as consuls, claiming the imperial title—and mint coins with the two wearing the consular robes. Syria and Palaestina Prima revolt.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1289400818#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "608", "revid": 1289400818, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}]}