{"slug": "taoism", "label": "Taoism", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoism", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9598", "qid": "Q9598", "description": "religious or philosophical tradition of Chinese origin", "entries": 31, "years": 29, "span": [-530, 1900], "span_label": ["531 BCE", "1900 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Deaths", "count": 12}, {"title": "Births", "count": 9}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 7}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 1}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "china", "label": "China", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "tang-dynasty", "label": "Tang dynasty", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "emperor-xuanzong-of-tang", "label": "Emperor Xuanzong of Tang", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "chang-an", "label": "Chang'an", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "chinese-buddhism", "label": "Chinese Buddhism", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "buddhism", "label": "Buddhism", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "wu-zetian", "label": "Wu Zetian", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "chinese-poetry", "label": "Chinese poetry", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "chinese-painting", "label": "Chinese painting", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "emperor-gaozong-of-tang", "label": "Emperor Gaozong of Tang", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "song-dynasty", "label": "Song dynasty", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "hangzhou", "label": "Hangzhou", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -530, "year_label": "531 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Laozi, Chinese founder of Taoism (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342933297#Deaths", "title": "531 BC", "revid": 1342933297, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -349, "year_label": "350 BCE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Shen Dao, Chinese philosopher known for his blend of Legalism and Taoism (approximate date) (d. c. 275 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367585688#Births", "title": "350 BC", "revid": 1367585688, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": -274, "year_label": "275 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Shen Dao, Chinese philosopher from Zhao who also served at the Jixia academy in Qi. He is known for his blend of Legalism and Taoism (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1164823364#Deaths", "title": "275 BC", "revid": 1164823364, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 164, "year_label": "164 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Ge Xuan (or Xiaoxian), Chinese Taoist (d. 244)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371301890#Births", "title": "AD 164", "revid": 1371301890, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 200, "year_label": "200 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Gan Ji, Chinese Taoist priest and writer", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371377327#Deaths", "title": "AD 200", "revid": 1371377327, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 205, "year_label": "205 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Shan Tao, Chinese Taoist scholar and official (d. 283)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364746464#Births", "title": "205", "revid": 1364746464, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 220, "year_label": "220 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The Wei dynasty gives official recognition to Taoism as its religious sect, and the sect's celestial masters reciprocate, by giving spiritual approbation to the Wei as successors to the Han. By the end of the century, most powerful families in northern China have subscribed to Daoist principles.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371227417#Religion", "title": "220", "revid": 1371227417, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 244, "year_label": "244 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Ge Xuan (or Xiaoxian), Chinese Taoist (b. 164)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371227716#Deaths", "title": "244", "revid": 1371227716, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 341, "year_label": "341 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Ge Hong (or Ko Hung), Chinese taoist (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1317828287#Deaths", "title": "341", "revid": 1317828287, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 364, "year_label": "364 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Ge Hong, Chinese scholar and taoist (b. 283)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332420284#Deaths", "title": "364", "revid": 1332420284, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 365, "year_label": "365 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Kou Qianzhi, Chinese high official and taoist (d. 448)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1286254673#Births", "title": "AD 365", "revid": 1286254673, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 448, "year_label": "448 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Kou Qianzhi, Chinese high official and Daoist (b. 365)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330678266#Deaths", "title": "448", "revid": 1330678266, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 448, "year_label": "448 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Kou Qianzhi, Chinese Daoist reformer, dies after having converted emperor Taiwu of Northern Wei and having established Daoism as the country's dominant religion. His death presages a revival of Buddhism as China's dominant faith.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330678266#China", "title": "448", "revid": 1330678266, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": 631, "year_label": "631 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Tai Zong establishes a new Daoist abbey, out of gratitude for Daoist priests who had apparently cured the crown prince of an illness.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364749921#Asia", "title": "631", "revid": 1364749921, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 631, "year_label": "631 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Yeh Fa-shan, Daoist wonder-worker (d. 720)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364749921#Births", "title": "631", "revid": 1364749921, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 656, "year_label": "656 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Li Xiăn, seventh son of the Chinese emperor Gao Zong, is made crown prince. His lavish palatial mansion in Chang'an is converted into a Daoist abbey during the Tang dynasty (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367635539#Religion", "title": "656", "revid": 1367635539, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 690, "year_label": "690 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "October 16", "text": "October 16 – Wu Zetian ascends to the throne of the Tang dynasty, and proclaims herself ruler of the Chinese Empire as \"Holy and Divine Emperor\". She becomes the first and only female \"emperor\" in 5,000 years of Chinese history. Wu Zetian changes the dynasty's name to the Zhou Dynasty, and begins to murder throne pretendants and ministers who try to oppose her. During her reign she elevates the status of Buddhism above Taoism.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340806273#Asia", "title": "690", "revid": 1340806273, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 720, "year_label": "720 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Yeh Fa-shan, Daoist wonder-worker (b. 631)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349994139#Deaths", "title": "720", "revid": 1349994139, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 730, "year_label": "730 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Xuan Zong has four palace walls in the northeast sector of the capital city Chang'an dismantled and reassembled to construct a new Daoist abbey, the grounds of which are formally a large garden for the Bureau of Agriculture.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340808684#China", "title": "730", "revid": 1340808684, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": 742, "year_label": "742 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Xuan Zong begins to favor Taoism over Buddhism, adopting the new reign title Tianbao (\"Heavenly Treasures\"), to indicate his divine mandate. The total number of enlisted troops in the Tang armies has risen to about half a million, due to Xuan Zongs's earlier military reforms.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340809740#Asia", "title": "742", "revid": 1340809740, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 745, "year_label": "745 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "China has accomplishments in poetry, painting and printing, but its monarchical system tends toward failure. Emperor Xuan Zong has fallen under the spell of his son's wife Yang Guifei (one of the Four Beauties of Ancient China), a Taoist priestess. He is ignoring the economy and the Tang dynasty is declining.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364906475#Asia", "title": "745", "revid": 1364906475, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 901, "year_label": "901 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Wu Renbi, Chinese Taoist and writer", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1345013381#Deaths", "title": "901", "revid": 1345013381, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 960, "year_label": "960 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Mazu, Chinese fisherman's daughter and worshipped as Taoist goddess (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365272128#Births", "title": "960", "revid": 1365272128, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 989, "year_label": "989 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Chen Tuan, Chinese Taoist monk and philosopher", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357624689#Deaths", "title": "989", "revid": 1357624689, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1113, "year_label": "1113 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "January 11", "text": "January 11 – Wang Chongyang, Chinese Daoist (d. 1170)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267067505#Births", "title": "1113", "revid": 1267067505, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1148, "year_label": "1148 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Qiu Chuji, Chinese Taoist religious leader (d. 1227)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362156256#Births", "title": "1148", "revid": 1362156256, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1208, "year_label": "1208 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "April 15", "text": "April 15 – A fire breaks out in the Song Chinese capital city of Hangzhou, raging for four days and nights, destroying 58,097 houses over an area of more than 3 mi km, killing 59 people, and an unrecorded number of other people, who are trampled while attempting to flee. The government provides temporary lodging for 5,345 people, in nearby Buddhist and Taoist monasteries. The collective victims of the disaster are given 160,000 strings of cash, along with 400 tons of rice. Some of the government officials who lose their homes take up residence in rented boathouses on the nearby West Lake.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371078934#Asia", "title": "1208", "revid": 1371078934, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1227, "year_label": "1227 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 23", "text": "July 23 – Qiu Chuji, Chinese Taoist religious leader (b. 1148)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367488499#Deaths", "title": "1227", "revid": 1367488499, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1281, "year_label": "1281 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Kublai Khan orders the burning of sacred Taoist texts, resulting in the reduction in number of volumes of the Daozang (Taoist Canon) from 4,565 to 1,120.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351320525#Asia", "title": "1281", "revid": 1351320525, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1302, "year_label": "1302 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Fang Congyi, Chinese Daoist priest and landscape painter (d. 1393)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362151248#Births", "title": "1302", "revid": 1362151248, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1900, "year_label": "1900 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "June 25", "text": "June 25 – Taoist monk Wang Yuanlu discovers the Dunhuang manuscripts, a cache of ancient texts that are of great historical and religious significance, in the Mogao Caves of Dunhuang, China, where they have been sealed since the early 11th century.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373317536#June", "title": "1900", "revid": 1373317536, "section": "Events › June"}}]}