{"slug": "tartu", "label": "Tartu", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tartu", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13972", "qid": "Q13972", "description": "second most populous city in Estonia", "entries": 11, "years": 11, "span": [1030, 1940], "span_label": ["1030 CE", "1940 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 4}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 2}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 2}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 1}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "estonia", "label": "Estonia", "shared": 7}, {"slug": "sweden", "label": "Sweden", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "april", "label": "April", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kiev", "label": "Kiev", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "veliky-novgorod", "label": "Veliky Novgorod", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "yaroslav-the-wise", "label": "Yaroslav the Wise", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "estonians", "label": "Estonians", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kievan-rus", "label": "Kievan Rus'", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "novgorod-republic", "label": "Novgorod Republic", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "tsardom-of-russia", "label": "Tsardom of Russia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "red-army", "label": "Red Army", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "peter-the-great", "label": "Peter the Great", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1030, "year_label": "1030 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The first mention is made of Tartu, Estonia, as Grand Prince Yaroslav I (the Wise) of Novgorod and Kiev defeats the Estonians and finds a fort named Yuryev (modern-day Tartu). The Rus' will hold the fortress for 30 or 31 years.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365590959#Europe", "title": "1030", "revid": 1365590959, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1061, "year_label": "1061 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Sosols (a tribe in Estonia) destroy the Kievan Rus' fortification of Yuryev in Tartu, and carry out a raid on Pskov.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371210530#Europe", "title": "1061", "revid": 1371210530, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1134, "year_label": "1134 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Vsevolod Mstislavich of Novgorod defeats the Chuds and captures Tartu.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1321069056#Eastern_Europe", "title": "1134", "revid": 1321069056, "section": "Events › By place › Eastern Europe"}}, {"year": 1192, "year_label": "1192 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": null, "text": "Prince Yaroslav Vladimirovich of Novgorod burns down Tartu and Otepää Castles, in Estonia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341214506#Events", "title": "1192", "revid": 1341214506, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1242, "year_label": "1242 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "April", "text": "April – A Russian force led by Alexander Nevsky crosses the frontier between Novgorod and Livonian Crusader territory, to raid into Catholic Estonia. After that, Alexander breaks his army off into contingents to ravage the countryside. He is forced to turn back, when a local Crusader force under Bishop Hermann von Buxhövden defeats Alexander's advance guard at Mooste bridge south of Tartu.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360512210#Europe", "title": "1242", "revid": 1360512210, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1558, "year_label": "1558 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 18", "text": "July 18 – The city of Tartu, capital of the Bishopric of Dorpat (in modern-day Estonia) surrenders to Russia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368141988#July–September", "title": "1558", "revid": 1368141988, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1704, "year_label": "1704 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Great Northern War: Russian troops under Tsar Peter the Great capture Tartu and Narva.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358992532#Date_unknown", "title": "1704", "revid": 1358992532, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1708, "year_label": "1708 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": null, "text": "Fearful of a Swedish attack, the Russians blow up the city of Tartu, Estonia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360122845#Date_unknown", "title": "1708", "revid": 1360122845, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1869, "year_label": "1869 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 30", "text": "June 30–July 2 – The first Estonian Song Festival takes place in Tartu.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360511845#June", "title": "1869", "revid": 1360511845, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1919, "year_label": "1919 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 14", "text": "January 14 – Estonian War of Independence: Estonian forces liberate Tartu from the Red Army.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373508849#January", "title": "1919", "revid": 1373508849, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1940, "year_label": "1940 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "November 17", "text": "November 17 – The Tartu Art Museum is established in Tartu, Estonia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368818987#November", "title": "1940", "revid": 1368818987, "section": "Events › November"}}]}