{"slug": "theodore-i-laskaris", "label": "Theodore I Laskaris", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodore_I_Laskaris", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37086", "qid": "Q37086", "description": "13th-century emperor of Nicaea", "entries": 7, "years": 6, "span": [1175, 1222], "span_label": ["1175 CE", "1222 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Deaths", "count": 3}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 2}, {"title": "Births", "count": 1}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Theodore I Lascaris"], "related": [{"slug": "empire-of-nicaea", "label": "Empire of Nicaea", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "byzantine-empire", "label": "Byzantine Empire", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "empire-of-trebizond", "label": "Empire of Trebizond", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "nicaea", "label": "Nicaea", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "despotate-of-epirus", "label": "Despotate of Epirus", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "baldwin-i-latin-emperor", "label": "Baldwin I, Latin Emperor", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "constantinople", "label": "Constantinople", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "november", "label": "November", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "frederick-ii-holy-roman-emperor", "label": "Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "latin-empire", "label": "Latin Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "pope-honorius-iii", "label": "Pope Honorius III", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "john-iii-doukas-vatatzes", "label": "John III Doukas Vatatzes", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1175, "year_label": "1175 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Theodore I, emperor of Nicaea (d. 1221)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362172106#Births", "title": "1175", "revid": 1362172106, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1204, "year_label": "1204 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Theodore I Laskaris flees to Nicaea after the capture of Constantinople, and establishes the Empire of Nicaea; Byzantine successor states are also established in Epirus and Trebizond.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361051821#Events", "title": "1204", "revid": 1361051821, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1205, "year_label": "1205 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Spring – Theodore I Laskaris is proclaimed Byzantine emperor (or basileus), formally founding the Empire of Nicaea, after repelling the invasions of rivals David Komnenos and Manuel Maurozomes into his domains. His appointment is an open challenge to the legitimacy of the Latin emperor Baldwin I, who rules over large parts of the former Byzantine Empire and regards Theodore as a usurper.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357624697#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "1205", "revid": 1357624697, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 1211, "year_label": "1211 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 17", "text": "June 17 – Battle of Antioch on the Meander: Seljuk forces led by Sultan Kaykhusraw I are initially victorious with the Latin mercenary cavalry (some 800 men) bearing the brunt of the casualties due to their flanking charge; exhausted by the effort in their attack, the Latin army under Emperor Theodore I Laskaris is struck in the flank and rear by the Seljuk forces. However, the Seljuks stop the fight in order to plunder the Latin camp – which allows Theodore's forces to rally and counter-attack the now disorganized Turks. Meanwhile, Kaykhusraw seeks out Theodore and engages him in single combat, but he is unhorsed and beheaded. The Seljuks are routed and the former Byzantine emperor Alexios III Angelos, Theodore's father-in-law, is captured and imprisoned, ending his days in enforced monastic seclusion.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360876354#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "1211", "revid": 1360876354, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 1221, "year_label": "1221 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "November", "text": "November – Emperor Theodore I Laskaris dies after a 16-year reign and is succeeded by his son-in-law John III Doukas Vatatzes. John fends off Theodore's brothers, who believe that they have the better claim for the throne of the Empire of Nicaea. In December, he becomes the sole ruler, and during his reign, the Empire becomes the most powerful of the Byzantine successor states and the frontrunner in the race to recover Constantinople from the Latin Empire. John also cultivates a close relationship with Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, and negotiates with Pope Honorius III about the possibility of reuniting the Church.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363300593#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "1221", "revid": 1363300593, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 1221, "year_label": "1221 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "November", "text": "November – Theodore I Laskaris, emperor of Nicaea (b. 1175)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363300593#Deaths", "title": "1221", "revid": 1363300593, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1222, "year_label": "1222 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Theodore I Lascaris, founder of the Byzantine Empire of Nicaea", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371224827#Deaths", "title": "1222", "revid": 1371224827, "section": "Deaths"}}]}