{"slug": "theodosius-ii", "label": "Theodosius II", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodosius_II", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160353", "qid": "Q160353", "description": "Byzantine Emperor (401–450)", "entries": 23, "years": 22, "span": [401, 460], "span_label": ["401 CE", "460 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Deaths", "count": 5}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 5}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 3}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 2}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 2}, {"title": "Births", "count": 1}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 1}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 1}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "constantinople", "label": "Constantinople", "shared": 7}, {"slug": "byzantine-empire", "label": "Byzantine Empire", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "walls-of-constantinople", "label": "Walls of Constantinople", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "huns", "label": "Huns", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "attila", "label": "Attila", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "roman-emperor", "label": "Roman Emperor", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "christians", "label": "Christians", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "arcadius", "label": "Arcadius", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "jew", "label": "Jew", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "roman-law", "label": "Roman law", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "jews", "label": "Jews", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "roman-consul", "label": "Roman consul", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 401, "year_label": "401 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "April 10", "text": "April 10 – Theodosius II, Roman emperor (d. 450)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1334186664#Births", "title": "401", "revid": 1334186664, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 403, "year_label": "403 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Theodosius II, age 2, becomes consul of the Eastern Roman Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367641291#Roman_Empire", "title": "403", "revid": 1367641291, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 408, "year_label": "408 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "May 1", "text": "May 1 – Emperor Arcadius dies in his palace at Constantinople, after a weak 13-year reign. He is succeeded by his 7-year-old son, Theodosius II, who rules under the domination of his devout Christian sister Pulcheria and Anthemius, who acts as regent.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367644906#Roman_Empire", "title": "408", "revid": 1367644906, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 412, "year_label": "412 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "The Theodosian Walls are constructed at Constantinople during the reign of emperor Theodosius II. The work is carried out under supervision of Anthemius, notable praetorian prefect of the East.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1346865702#Roman_Empire", "title": "412", "revid": 1346865702, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 414, "year_label": "414 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "July 4", "text": "July 4 – Emperor Theodosius II, age 13, yields power to his older sister Aelia Pulcheria, who reigns as regent and proclaims herself empress (Augusta) of the Eastern Roman Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1346865369#Roman_Empire", "title": "414", "revid": 1346865369, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 421, "year_label": "421 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 7", "text": "June 7 – Emperor Theodosius II marries Aelia Eudocia, a woman of Greek origin. The wedding is celebrated at Constantinople with chariot racing in the Hippodrome.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364903948#Roman_Empire", "title": "421", "revid": 1364903948, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 422, "year_label": "422 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "End of the Roman–Sassanid War: Emperor Theodosius II signs a 100-year peace treaty with Persia after 2 years of war. He agrees to a status quo ante bellum (\"the state in which things were before the war\"), and both parties guarantee liberty of religion in their territories.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364741789#Roman_Empire", "title": "422", "revid": 1364741789, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 423, "year_label": "423 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Winter – Emperor Theodosius II refuses to recognize Joannes as emperor, and prepares for war. He mobilizes an expeditionary force under command of Ardaburius, and his son Flavius Aspar.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364741573#Roman_Empire", "title": "423", "revid": 1364741573, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 424, "year_label": "424 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "October 23", "text": "October 23 – Emperor Theodosius II nominates his cousin Valentinian, age 5, the imperial title nobilissimus Caesar (\"most noble\") of the Western Roman Empire. Valentinian is betrothed to Theodosius's own daughter Licinia Eudoxia, who is only 2 years old.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367765710#Roman_Empire", "title": "424", "revid": 1367765710, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 425, "year_label": "425 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "February 27", "text": "February 27 – The University of Constantinople is founded by emperor Theodosius II at the urging of his wife Aelia Eudocia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367645280#Education", "title": "425", "revid": 1367645280, "section": "Events › By topic › Education"}}, {"year": 429, "year_label": "429 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Theodosius II starts to reform the Codex Theodosianus in Constantinople. He establishes a committee to codify all Roman laws. All funds raised by Jews to support schools have to be turned over to the state treasury.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1333669155#Roman_Empire", "title": "429", "revid": 1333669155, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 431, "year_label": "431 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Hippo Regius becomes the capital of the Vandal Kingdom. After 14 months of hunger and disease, the Vandals ravage the city. Emperor Theodosius II sends an imperial fleet with an army under command of Aspar, and lands at Carthage.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1311961439#Africa", "title": "431", "revid": 1311961439, "section": "Events › By place › Africa"}}, {"year": 434, "year_label": "434 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Theodosius II bribes the Huns (after the death of Rugila) to keep the peace in the Eastern Roman Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364747706#Roman_Empire", "title": "434", "revid": 1364747706, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 435, "year_label": "435 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "November 14", "text": "November 14 – Emperor Theodosius II orders a new edict for the death penalty of all heretics and pagans in the Empire. Judaism is considered a legal non-Christian religion.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1339038049#Roman_Empire", "title": "435", "revid": 1339038049, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 437, "year_label": "437 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "October 29", "text": "October 29 – Valentinian III cements an alliance with the eastern emperor, Theodosius II, by marrying his daughter Licinia Eudoxia in Constantinople. This marks the reunion of the two branches of the House of Theodosius.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349205048#Europe", "title": "437", "revid": 1349205048, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 438, "year_label": "438 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Theodosius II forbids the divulging of secrets of naval carpentry, probably to avoid its spread to the rising Vandal power in North Africa.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364742803#Byzantium", "title": "438", "revid": 1364742803, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantium"}}, {"year": 439, "year_label": "439 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Winter – Hun and Roman envoys meet at Margum (modern Bosnia and Herzegovina), an important market town on the Sava River. After negotiations, Attila and his brother Bleda, who are present, accept a four-point peace plan. Trading rights between the two states are confirmed and emperor Theodosius II pays an annual tribute of 700 pounds of gold.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1307025237#Byzantium", "title": "439", "revid": 1307025237, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantium"}}, {"year": 441, "year_label": "441 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": null, "text": "Chrysaphius, chief minister, persuades Emperor Theodosius II at Constantinople to dismiss his sister Pulcheria, for her policy of exiling the Jews, and destroying their synagogues.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1339010572#Byzantium", "title": "441", "revid": 1339010572, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantium"}}, {"year": 447, "year_label": "447 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "November 6", "text": "November 6 – The Walls of Constantinople are severely damaged by an earthquake, which destroys large parts of the structure, including 57 towers. The population is threatened by a plague. Emperor Theodosius II orders Constantine, praetorian prefect of the East, to supervise the repairs. He employs the city's demoi (\"Circus factions\") in the work, and rebuilds the walls within 60 days.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367502819#Byzantium", "title": "447", "revid": 1367502819, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantium"}}, {"year": 448, "year_label": "448 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Theodosius II sends an embassy to Attila the Hun; Anatolius, an Eastern Roman general (magister militum) responsible for the security of the Eastern frontier, achieves a peace treaty with the Huns, in exchange for an annual tribute of 2100 lb kg of gold per year.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330678266#Byzantium", "title": "448", "revid": 1330678266, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantium"}}, {"year": 450, "year_label": "450 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 28", "text": "July 28 – Theodosius II, Roman Emperor (b. 401)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1334307596#Deaths", "title": "450", "revid": 1334307596, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 450, "year_label": "450 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 28", "text": "July 28 – Emperor Theodosius II, age 49, falls from his horse while hunting at Constantinople and dies soon afterward. He has reigned since 408, mostly under the domination of his Christian sister Pulcheria, who has been allowed to return to court (see 441).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1334307596#Byzantium", "title": "450", "revid": 1334307596, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantium"}}, {"year": 460, "year_label": "460 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "October 20", "text": "October 20 – Aelia Eudocia, Roman empress and wife of Theodosius II", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360598361#Deaths", "title": "460", "revid": 1360598361, "section": "Deaths"}}]}