{"slug": "trajan", "label": "Trajan", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trajan", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1425", "qid": "Q1425", "description": "13th Roman Emperor (98–117)", "entries": 32, "years": 28, "span": [48, 332], "span_label": ["48 CE", "332 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 11}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 7}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 4}, {"title": "Births", "count": 3}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 2}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 2}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 1}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 1}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "ancient-rome", "label": "Ancient Rome", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "roman-consul", "label": "Roman consul", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "roman-empire", "label": "Roman Empire", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "parthia", "label": "Parthia", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "dacia", "label": "Dacia", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "mesopotamia", "label": "Mesopotamia", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "roman-senate", "label": "Roman Senate", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "praetorian-guard", "label": "Praetorian Guard", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "italy", "label": "Italy", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "cilicia", "label": "Cilicia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "india", "label": "India", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "athens", "label": "Athens", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 48, "year_label": "48 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Ulpia Marciana, sister of Trajan (d. 112)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373289291#AD_48", "title": "40s", "revid": 1373289291, "section": "Births › AD 48"}}, {"year": 53, "year_label": "53 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "(approximate year) Marcus Ulpius Traianus, Roman emperor (d. 117)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373339620#53_AD", "title": "50s", "revid": 1373339620, "section": "Births › 53 AD"}}, {"year": 68, "year_label": "68 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Marcus Ulpius Trajanus, father of Trajan, becomes consul.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330183058#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 68", "revid": 1330183058, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 68, "year_label": "68 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "July 4", "text": "July 4 – Salonia Matidia, niece of Trajan (d. AD 119)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330183058#Births", "title": "AD 68", "revid": 1330183058, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 86, "year_label": "86 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Roman general (and future emperor) Trajan begins a campaign to crush an uprising in Germania.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371185563#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 86", "revid": 1371185563, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 91, "year_label": "91 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Manius Acilius Glabrio and Marcus Ulpius Traianus become Roman Consuls.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332960692#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 91", "revid": 1332960692, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 96, "year_label": "96 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Marcus Ulpius Traianus becomes governor of Upper Germany.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1318964145#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 96", "revid": 1318964145, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 97, "year_label": "97 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 28", "text": "October 28 – Emperor Nerva recalls his general Marcus Ulpius Trajanus, age 44, from the German frontier and is forced by the Praetorian Guard to adopt him as his successor.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330324646#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 97", "revid": 1330324646, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 99, "year_label": "99 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Trajan returns to Rome.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1310768225#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 99", "revid": 1310768225, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 100, "year_label": "100 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Trajan and Frontinus become Roman consuls.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371188492#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 100", "revid": 1371188492, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 101, "year_label": "101 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Trajan begins his fourth consulship.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371187378#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 101", "revid": 1371187378, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 102, "year_label": "102 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Trajan returns to Rome after a successful campaign against Dacia, through which he reestablishes clear Roman sovereignty over King Decebalus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330325200#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 102", "revid": 1330325200, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 103, "year_label": "103 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Trajan and Manius Laberius Maximus become Roman consuls.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330325241#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 103", "revid": 1330325241, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 105, "year_label": "105 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Trajan starts the second expedition against Dacia; he leaves with the Imperial Roman fleet from Brundusium.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371188807#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 105", "revid": 1371188807, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 106, "year_label": "106 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Trajan conquers the Dacian Fortresses of the Orăştie Mountains, and surrounds the capital, Sarmizegetusa.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359392828#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 106", "revid": 1359392828, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 107, "year_label": "107 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "An Indian ambassador is received by Emperor Trajan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355232753#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 107", "revid": 1355232753, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 109, "year_label": "109 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 24", "text": "June 24 – The Aqua Traiana is inaugurated by Emperor Trajan; the aqueduct channels water from Lake Bracciano, 40 km mi northwest of Rome.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330325652#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 109", "revid": 1330325652, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 111, "year_label": "111 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Trajan sends Pliny the Younger to be governor (legatus Augusti) of Bithynia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330325774#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 111", "revid": 1330325774, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 112, "year_label": "112 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Trajan and Titus Sextius Cornelius Africanus become Roman consuls.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330325835#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 112", "revid": 1330325835, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 113, "year_label": "113 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Osroes I of Parthia violates the treaty with Rome by installing a puppet ruler in Armenia. Emperor Trajan marches east, without first attempting to use diplomacy to resolve the disagreement.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371189035#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 113", "revid": 1371189035, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 113, "year_label": "113 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Trajan sails from Rome to begin his expedition against Parthia. He arrives in Athens where Parthian envoys greet him with olive branches, a sign of peace.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371189035#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 113", "revid": 1371189035, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 114, "year_label": "114 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Trajan defeats the Parthians and overruns Armenia and northern Mesopotamia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330326111#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 114", "revid": 1330326111, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 115, "year_label": "115 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Trajan is cut off in southern Mesopotamia after his invasion of that region.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371191693#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 115", "revid": 1371191693, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 116, "year_label": "116 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Trajan completes his invasion of Parthia by capturing the cities of Seleucia, Babylon, Ctesiphon and Susa, marking the high-water mark of the Roman Empire's eastern expansion.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330326275#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 116", "revid": 1330326275, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 117, "year_label": "117 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Trajan falls seriously ill and dies of a stroke at Selinus in Cilicia, age 63, while en route from Mesopotamia to Italy, leaving the Roman Empire at its maximal territorial extent.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371187799#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 117", "revid": 1371187799, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 117, "year_label": "117 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 8", "text": "August 8 – Trajan, Roman emperor (b. AD 53)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371187799#Deaths", "title": "AD 117", "revid": 1371187799, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 118, "year_label": "118 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Trajan's Forum (commissioned by the late Emperor Trajan) is completed with triumphal arches, columns, a market complex, and an enormous basilica, all of which replace hundreds of dwellings.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330326548#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 118", "revid": 1330326548, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 119, "year_label": "119 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Salonia Matidia (a niece of former Emperor Trajan) dies. Hadrian delivers her funeral oration, and grants her a temple in Rome.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330326648#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 119", "revid": 1330326648, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 119, "year_label": "119 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "December 23", "text": "December 23 – Salonia Matidia, niece of Trajan (b. AD 68)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330326648#Deaths", "title": "AD 119", "revid": 1330326648, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 161, "year_label": "161 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Marcus Aurelius, a Spaniard like Trajan and Hadrian, is a stoical disciple of Epictetus, and an energetic man of action. He pursues the policy of his predecessor and maintains good relations with the Senate. As a legislator, he endeavors to create new principles of morality and humanity, particularly favoring women and slaves.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371301434#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 161", "revid": 1371301434, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 193, "year_label": "193 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "January 1", "text": "January 1 – Year of the Five Emperors: The Roman Senate chooses Publius Helvius Pertinax, against his will, to succeed the late Commodus as Emperor. Pertinax is forced to reorganize the handling of finances, which were wrecked under Commodus, to reestablish discipline in the Roman army, and to suspend the food programs established by Trajan, provoking the ire of the Praetorian Guard.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371310592#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 193", "revid": 1371310592, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 332, "year_label": "332 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Constantine I continues construction of a bridge (in imitation of Trajan and his architect Apollodorus of Damascus) across the Danube, for forward-staging grounds for planned campaigns against local tribes.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332406433#Roman_Empire", "title": "332", "revid": 1332406433, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}]}