{"slug": "tughril-i", "label": "Tughril I", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tughril_I", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q144565", "qid": "Q144565", "description": "Founder of the Seljuk Empire (1037–1063)", "entries": 8, "years": 7, "span": [990, 1063], "span_label": ["990 CE", "1063 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 4}, {"title": "Births", "count": 1}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Tughril", "Tughril Beg"], "related": [{"slug": "seljuk-empire", "label": "Seljuk Empire", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "seljuk-dynasty", "label": "Seljuk dynasty", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "iran", "label": "Iran", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "khorasan", "label": "Khorasan", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "qazvin", "label": "Qazvin", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "armenia", "label": "Armenia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "azerbaijan", "label": "Azerbaijan", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "turkic-peoples", "label": "Turkic peoples", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "iraq", "label": "Iraq", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "baghdad", "label": "Baghdad", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "buyid-dynasty", "label": "Buyid dynasty", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "alp-arslan", "label": "Alp Arslan", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 990, "year_label": "990 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Tughril, sultan of the Seljuk Empire (d. 1063)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341908655#Births", "title": "990", "revid": 1341908655, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1037, "year_label": "1037 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The Great Seljuk Empire is established by Tugrul Bey.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342215302#Asia", "title": "1037", "revid": 1342215302, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1043, "year_label": "1043 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The Seljuqs under Tughril Beg expel the Oghuz Turks from Khorasan and conquer Qazvin (modern Iran). They become the new masters of the Ziyarid dynasty (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365591040#Arabian_Empire", "title": "1043", "revid": 1365591040, "section": "Events › By place › Arabian Empire"}}, {"year": 1048, "year_label": "1048 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 18", "text": "September 18 – Battle of Kapetron: A combined Byzantine-Georgian army, under Byzantine generals Aaronios and Katakalon Kekaumenos (supported by the Georgian duke Liparit IV), confronts the invading Seljuk Turks, led by Ibrahim Inal (a half-brother of Sultan Tughril), at Kapetron (near modern-day Pasinler). The Byzantines defeat their opposing Turkish forces in the flanks, but in the centre Ibrahim Inal captures Liparit, and can safely withdraw from Byzantine territory, laden with spoils and captives, including Liparit.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350129783#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "1048", "revid": 1350129783, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 1054, "year_label": "1054 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Sultan Tughril leads a large Seljuk army out of Azerbaijan into Armenia, possibly to consolidate his frontier, while providing an incentive to his Turkoman allies in the form of plunder. Tughril divides his army into four columns, ordering three to veer off to the north to raid into central and northern Armenia, while he takes the fourth column towards Lake Van. The Seljuk Turks capture and sack the fortress city of Artchesh, after an 8-day siege.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267065294#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "1054", "revid": 1267065294, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 1055, "year_label": "1055 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Winter – The Seljuk Turks led by Sultan Tughril capture Baghdad and enter the city in a Roman-styled triumph. Al-Malik al-Rahim, the last Buyid emir in Iraq, is taken prisoner.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1301978694#Arabian_Empire", "title": "1055", "revid": 1301978694, "section": "Events › By place › Arabian Empire"}}, {"year": 1063, "year_label": "1063 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Battle of Damghan: Seljuk forces under Alp Arslan defeat his brother Qutalmish who claims the throne of late Tughril, founder of the Seljuk Empire. Qutalmish flees from the battle, but his son Suleiman is taken prisoner.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370137387#Seljuk_Empire", "title": "1063", "revid": 1370137387, "section": "Events › By place › Seljuk Empire"}}, {"year": 1063, "year_label": "1063 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "September 4", "text": "September 4 – Tughril, sultan of the Seljuk Empire (b. 990)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370137387#Deaths", "title": "1063", "revid": 1370137387, "section": "Deaths"}}]}