{"slug": "umbria", "label": "Umbria", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbria", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1280", "qid": "Q1280", "description": "region of Italy", "entries": 8, "years": 8, "span": [-523, 1997], "span_label": ["524 BCE", "1997 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 5}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "italy", "label": "Italy", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "etruscan-civilization", "label": "Etruscan civilization", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "cumae", "label": "Cumae", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "augustus", "label": "Augustus", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "campania", "label": "Campania", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "samnium", "label": "Samnium", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "perugia", "label": "Perugia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "roman-senate", "label": "Roman Senate", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "second-punic-war", "label": "Second Punic War", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -523, "year_label": "524 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Battle of Cumae - An army of Umbrians, Daunians, Etruscans, and others is defeated by the Greeks of Cumae, present-day Italy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358121888#Southern_Italy", "title": "524 BC", "revid": 1358121888, "section": "Events › By place › Southern Italy"}}, {"year": -298, "year_label": "299 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The consul Marcus Fulvius Paetinus sacks the Umbrian city of Nequinum, which Rome had been besieging since the previous year, and he possibly also fights with success against the Sabines.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1158554016#Roman_Republic", "title": "299 BC", "revid": 1158554016, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -216, "year_label": "217 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 21", "text": "June 21 – On the northern shore of Lake Trasimene, in Umbria, Hannibal's troops all but annihilate Gaius Flaminius' army in the Battle of Lake Trasimene, killing thousands (including Flaminius) and driving others to drown in the lake. Reinforcements of about 4,000 cavalry from Ariminum under the praetor, Gaius Centenius, are intercepted before they arrive and are also destroyed. The Carthaginian troops then march on Rome.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1306223252#Roman_Republic", "title": "217 BC", "revid": 1306223252, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -206, "year_label": "207 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Battle of the Metaurus, fought near the Metaurus River in Umbria, is a pivotal battle during the Second Punic War between Rome and Carthage. The Carthaginians are led by Hannibal's brother Hasdrubal Barca, and the Roman armies are led by the consuls Marcus Livius Salinator and Gaius Claudius Nero. The Carthaginian army is defeated by the Romans and Hasdrubal is killed in the battle. This major loss by the Carthaginians ends Hannibal's hopes of success in Italy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1213018864#Roman_Republic", "title": "207 BC", "revid": 1213018864, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -41, "year_label": "42 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Octavian returns to Rome and arranges for ± 40,000 veterans' settlements in Campania, Etruria, Picenum, Samnium, Umbria, and in northern Italy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352172627#Roman_Republic", "title": "42 BC", "revid": 1352172627, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": 253, "year_label": "253 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "Aemilianus is proclaimed \"enemy of the State\" by the Roman Senate. Trebonianus Gallus is defeated at Interamna Nahars (Umbria); he flees with Volusianus to the north, but at Foligno they are killed by their own troops.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371188254#Roman_Empire", "title": "253", "revid": 1371188254, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 1416, "year_label": "1416 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 12", "text": "July 12 – The Battle of Sant'Egidio is fought in Italy: soldier of fortune Braccio da Montone, Prince of Capua, conquers Umbria and its capital, Perugia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368829186#July–September", "title": "1416", "revid": 1368829186, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1997, "year_label": "1997 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "September 26", "text": "September 26 – An earthquake strikes the Italian regions of Umbria and Marche, causing part of the Basilica of St. Francis at Assisi to collapse.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367978156#September", "title": "1997", "revid": 1367978156, "section": "Events › September"}}]}