{"slug": "united-nations", "label": "United Nations", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1065", "qid": "Q1065", "description": "global international and intergovernmental organization", "entries": 87, "years": 50, "span": [1907, 2025], "span_label": ["1907 CE", "2025 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 32}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 23}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 7}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 5}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 5}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 5}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 3}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 3}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 2}, {"title": "Births", "count": 1}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "soviet-union", "label": "Soviet Union", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "somalia", "label": "Somalia", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "israel", "label": "Israel", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "haiti", "label": "Haiti", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "nato", "label": "NATO", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "democratic-republic-of-the-congo", "label": "Democratic Republic of the Congo", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "lebanon", "label": "Lebanon", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "yemen", "label": "Yemen", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "japan", "label": "Japan", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "indonesia", "label": "Indonesia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "tokyo", "label": "Tokyo", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "jakarta", "label": "Jakarta", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1907, "year_label": "1907 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "June 5", "text": "June 5 – Shastri Yagnapurushdas consecrates the murtis of both Sahajanand Swami and Gunatitanand Swami in a single central shrine, thus establishing the Bochasanwasi Shri Akshar Purushottam Swaminarayan Sanstha, later a United Nations affiliate organization.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373349351#June", "title": "1907", "revid": 1373349351, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1944, "year_label": "1944 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August 21", "text": "August 21 – The Dumbarton Oaks Conference (Washington Conversations on International Peace and Security Organization) opens in Washington, D.C.: U.S., British, Chinese, French and Soviet representatives meet to plan the foundation of the United Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370022611#August", "title": "1944", "revid": 1370022611, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1945, "year_label": "1945 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "August 15", "text": "August 15 – The Provisional International Civil Aviation Organization is founded as a specialized agency of the United Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371513862#August", "title": "1945", "revid": 1371513862, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1945, "year_label": "1945 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "October 16", "text": "October 16 – The Food and Agriculture Organization is established at a meeting in Quebec City as a specialized agency of the United Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371513862#October", "title": "1945", "revid": 1371513862, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1945, "year_label": "1945 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 24", "text": "October 24 – The United Nations is founded by ratification of its Charter, by 29 nations including the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Canada, Egypt, Brazil, Haiti, Luxembourg, the Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia and others.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371513862#October", "title": "1945", "revid": 1371513862, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1946, "year_label": "1946 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 18", "text": "April 18 – The League of Nations, in its last meeting, transfers its mission to the United Nations and disbands itself.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372058859#April", "title": "1946", "revid": 1372058859, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1946, "year_label": "1946 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 14", "text": "December 14 – The International Labour Organization becomes a specialized agency of the United Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372058859#December", "title": "1946", "revid": 1372058859, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1946, "year_label": "1946 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "January 10", "text": "January 10 – The first meeting of the United Nations is held, at Methodist Central Hall Westminster in London.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372058859#January", "title": "1946", "revid": 1372058859, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1946, "year_label": "1946 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "November 4", "text": "November 4 – UNESCO (the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is established as a specialized agency of the United Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372058859#November", "title": "1946", "revid": 1372058859, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1946, "year_label": "1946 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "October 16", "text": "October 16 – The United Nations' first meeting in Long Island is held.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372058859#October", "title": "1946", "revid": 1372058859, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1947, "year_label": "1947 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "November 15", "text": "November 15 – The International Telecommunication Union becomes a specialized agency of the United Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371901060#November", "title": "1947", "revid": 1371901060, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1947, "year_label": "1947 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 30", "text": "September 30 – Pakistan and Yemen join the United Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371901060#September", "title": "1947", "revid": 1371901060, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1949, "year_label": "1949 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 7", "text": "December 7 – The United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) is established as a United Nations agency.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370167995#December", "title": "1949", "revid": 1370167995, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1949, "year_label": "1949 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 1", "text": "January 1 – A United Nations-sponsored ceasefire brings an end to the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. The war results in a stalemate and the division of Kashmir, which still continues as of 2026", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370167995#January", "title": "1949", "revid": 1370167995, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1950, "year_label": "1950 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "February", "text": "February – The Ad Hoc Committee on Slavery of the United Nations is formally inaugurated with its first meeting at Lake Success in February 1950.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371638577#February", "title": "1950", "revid": 1371638577, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1950, "year_label": "1950 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 4", "text": "November 4 – The United Nations ends the diplomatic isolation of Spain.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371638577#November", "title": "1950", "revid": 1371638577, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1951, "year_label": "1951 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "December 20", "text": "December 20 – The World Meteorological Organization becomes a specialized agency of the United Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368856437#December", "title": "1951", "revid": 1368856437, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1951, "year_label": "1951 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 28", "text": "July 28 – Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, a multilateral treaty of the United Nations, is signed at a special conference in Geneva, defining the status of refugees and setting out the basis for granting right of asylum, coming into force on 22 April 1954.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368856437#July", "title": "1951", "revid": 1368856437, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1952, "year_label": "1952 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "October 14", "text": "October 14 – The United Nations begins work in the new United Nations building in New York City, designed by Le Corbusier and Oscar Niemeyer.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373187098#September–October", "title": "1952", "revid": 1373187098, "section": "Events › September–October"}}, {"year": 1952, "year_label": "1952 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 15", "text": "September 15 – The United Nations cedes Eritrea to Ethiopia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373187098#September–October", "title": "1952", "revid": 1373187098, "section": "Events › September–October"}}, {"year": 1952, "year_label": "1952 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "September 18", "text": "September 18 – The Soviet Union vetoes Japan's application for membership in the United Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373187098#September–October", "title": "1952", "revid": 1373187098, "section": "Events › September–October"}}, {"year": 1953, "year_label": "1953 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "October 6", "text": "October 6 – UNICEF, the United Nations Children's Fund, is made a permanent specialized agency of the United Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371310369#October", "title": "1953", "revid": 1371310369, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1954, "year_label": "1954 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 22", "text": "April 22 – The 1951 United Nations Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees comes into force, defining the status of refugees and setting out the basis for granting right of asylum.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369212684#April", "title": "1954", "revid": 1369212684, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1955, "year_label": "1955 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "November 17", "text": "November 17 – Steve Chalke, British Baptist minister, founder of Oasis Charitable Trust, UN Special Adviser on Human Trafficking and social activist", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371173508#November", "title": "1955", "revid": 1371173508, "section": "Births › November"}}, {"year": 1956, "year_label": "1956 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 12", "text": "December 12 – Japan becomes a member of the United Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370022627#December", "title": "1956", "revid": 1370022627, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1956, "year_label": "1956 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 7", "text": "November 7 – Suez Crisis: The United Nations General Assembly adopts a resolution calling for the United Kingdom, France and Israel to withdraw their troops from Arab lands immediately.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370022627#November", "title": "1956", "revid": 1370022627, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1959, "year_label": "1959 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 20", "text": "November 20 – The Declaration of the Rights of the Child is adopted by the United Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370221732#November", "title": "1959", "revid": 1370221732, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1960, "year_label": "1960 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 4", "text": "December 4 – The admission of Mauritania to the United Nations is vetoed by the Soviet Union.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371870774#December", "title": "1960", "revid": 1371870774, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1960, "year_label": "1960 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "November 14", "text": "November 14 – Belgium threatens to leave the United Nations over criticism of its policy concerning the Republic of the Congo.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371870774#November", "title": "1960", "revid": 1371870774, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1960, "year_label": "1960 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 22", "text": "November 22 – The United Nations supports the government of Joseph Kasavubu and Joseph Mobutu in the Republic of the Congo.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371870774#November", "title": "1960", "revid": 1371870774, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1961, "year_label": "1961 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 15", "text": "February 15 – United States President John F. Kennedy warns the Soviet Union to avoid interfering with the United Nations' pacification of the Congo.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372676854#February", "title": "1961", "revid": 1372676854, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1961, "year_label": "1961 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "November 11", "text": "November 11 – Congolese soldiers murder 13 Italian United Nations pilots.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372676854#November", "title": "1961", "revid": 1372676854, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1961, "year_label": "1961 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 24", "text": "November 24 – The World Food Programme (WFP) is formed as a temporary United Nations program.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372676854#November", "title": "1961", "revid": 1372676854, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1962, "year_label": "1962 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 30", "text": "December 30 – United Nations troops occupy the last rebel positions in Katanga; Moise Tshombe moves to South Rhodesia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373095518#December", "title": "1962", "revid": 1373095518, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1965, "year_label": "1965 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 20", "text": "December 20 – The World Food Programme is made a permanent agency of the United Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368843670#November–December", "title": "1965", "revid": 1368843670, "section": "Events › November–December"}}, {"year": 1965, "year_label": "1965 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "December 21", "text": "December 21 – The United Nations adopts the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368843670#November–December", "title": "1965", "revid": 1368843670, "section": "Events › November–December"}}, {"year": 1965, "year_label": "1965 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 22", "text": "November 22 – The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) is established as a specialized agency of the United Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368843670#November–December", "title": "1965", "revid": 1368843670, "section": "Events › November–December"}}, {"year": 1965, "year_label": "1965 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "October 4", "text": "October 4 – Pope Paul VI makes the first papal visit to the United States. He appears for a Mass in Yankee Stadium and makes a speech at the United Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368843670#September–October", "title": "1965", "revid": 1368843670, "section": "Events › September–October"}}, {"year": 1965, "year_label": "1965 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 21", "text": "September 21 – Gambia, Maldives and Singapore are admitted as members of the United Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368843670#September–October", "title": "1965", "revid": 1368843670, "section": "Events › September–October"}}, {"year": 1966, "year_label": "1966 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 17", "text": "October 17 – Lesotho and Botswana are admitted to the United Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370246126#October", "title": "1966", "revid": 1370246126, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1967, "year_label": "1967 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 10", "text": "June 10 – Six-Day War ends: Israel and Syria agree to a United Nations-mediated cease-fire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370160888#June", "title": "1967", "revid": 1370160888, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1971, "year_label": "1971 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "February 26", "text": "February 26 – Secretary General U Thant signs the United Nations proclamation of the March equinox (March 21) as Earth Day.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369905382#February", "title": "1971", "revid": 1369905382, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1972, "year_label": "1972 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "December 15", "text": "December 15 – The United Nations Environment Programme is established as a specialized agency of the United Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371514417#December", "title": "1972", "revid": 1371514417, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1972, "year_label": "1972 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 8", "text": "December 8 – International Human Rights Day is proclaimed by the United Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371514417#December", "title": "1972", "revid": 1371514417, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1973, "year_label": "1973 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 26", "text": "October 26 – The United Nations recognizes the independence of Guinea-Bissau.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373239256#October", "title": "1973", "revid": 1373239256, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1973, "year_label": "1973 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 18", "text": "September 18 – The two German Republics, the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) and the German Democratic Republic (East Germany), are admitted to the United Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373239256#September", "title": "1973", "revid": 1373239256, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1974, "year_label": "1974 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "December 17", "text": "December 17 – The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) becomes a specialized agency of the United Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372602919#November–December", "title": "1974", "revid": 1372602919, "section": "Events › November–December"}}, {"year": 1975, "year_label": "1975 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 10", "text": "November 10 – United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3379: By a vote of 72–35 (with 32 abstentions), the United Nations General Assembly approves a resolution equating Zionism with racism. The resolution provokes an outcry among Zionists. It is repealed in 1991.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369955775#November", "title": "1975", "revid": 1369955775, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1975, "year_label": "1975 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 16", "text": "September 16 – Cape Verde, Mozambique and São Tomé and Príncipe join the United Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369955775#September", "title": "1975", "revid": 1369955775, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1976, "year_label": "1976 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 27", "text": "January 27 – The United States vetoes a United Nations resolution that calls for an independent Palestinian state.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372603253#January", "title": "1976", "revid": 1372603253, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1977, "year_label": "1977 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 20", "text": "December 20 – Djibouti and Vietnam join the United Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371657539#December", "title": "1977", "revid": 1371657539, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1977, "year_label": "1977 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "November 30", "text": "November 30 – The International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) is founded as a specialized agency of the United Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371657539#November", "title": "1977", "revid": 1371657539, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1982, "year_label": "1982 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 21", "text": "September 21 – The first International Day of Peace is proclaimed by the United Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373279023#September", "title": "1982", "revid": 1373279023, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1984, "year_label": "1984 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 5", "text": "March 5 – Iran accuses Iraq of using chemical weapons; the United Nations condemns their use on March 30.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371242779#March", "title": "1984", "revid": 1371242779, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1987, "year_label": "1987 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "July 11", "text": "July 11 – World population is estimated to have reached five billion people, according to the United Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372769014#July", "title": "1987", "revid": 1372769014, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1988, "year_label": "1988 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "February 17", "text": "February 17 – U.S. Lieutenant Colonel William R. Higgins, serving with a United Nations group monitoring a truce in southern Lebanon, is kidnapped (and later killed by his captors).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373532411#February", "title": "1988", "revid": 1373532411, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1990, "year_label": "1990 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 29", "text": "September 29–30 – The United Nations World Summit for Children draws more than 70 world leaders to United Nations Headquarters.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366571855#September", "title": "1990", "revid": 1366571855, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1992, "year_label": "1992 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 3", "text": "December 3 – UN Security Council Resolution 794 is unanimously passed, approving a coalition of United Nations peacekeepers led by the United States to form UNITAF, tasked with ensuring that humanitarian aid gets distributed and establishing peace in Somalia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368521010#December", "title": "1992", "revid": 1368521010, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1993, "year_label": "1993 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 8", "text": "April 8 – The Republic of Macedonia is admitted to the United Nations under a provisional reference \"the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia\".", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366430372#April", "title": "1993", "revid": 1366430372, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1993, "year_label": "1993 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 11", "text": "October 11–28 – The UNMIH is prevented from entering Haiti by its military-led regime. On October 18, United Nations economic sanctions (abolished in August) are reinstated. U.S. President Bill Clinton sends 6 American warships to enforce them.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366430372#October", "title": "1993", "revid": 1366430372, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1995, "year_label": "1995 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 13", "text": "February 13 – Twenty-one Bosnian Serb commanders are charged with genocide and crimes against humanity in the United Nations' International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, a tribunal on human rights violations during the Wars in the Balkans.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372467239#February", "title": "1995", "revid": 1372467239, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1996, "year_label": "1996 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 18", "text": "April 18 – Qana massacre: Over 100 Lebanese civilians are killed after Israel shells the United Nations compound in Qana.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371596794#April", "title": "1996", "revid": 1371596794, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1996, "year_label": "1996 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 24", "text": "September 24 – U.S. president Bill Clinton signs the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty at the United Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371596794#September", "title": "1996", "revid": 1371596794, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1997, "year_label": "1997 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 11", "text": "December 11 – The Kyoto Protocol is adopted by a United Nations committee.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367978156#December", "title": "1997", "revid": 1367978156, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1998, "year_label": "1998 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 2", "text": "September 2 – A United Nations court finds Jean-Paul Akayesu, the former mayor of a small town in Rwanda, guilty of nine counts of genocide, marking the first time that the 1948 law banning genocide is enforced.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373236679#September", "title": "1998", "revid": 1373236679, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1999, "year_label": "1999 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "April 5", "text": "April 5 – Two Libyans suspected of bringing down Pan Am Flight 103 in 1988 are handed over to Scottish authorities for eventual trial in the Netherlands. The United Nations suspends sanctions against Libya.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369767946#April", "title": "1999", "revid": 1369767946, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1999, "year_label": "1999 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 12", "text": "June 12 – Kosovo War: Operation Joint Guardian/Operation Agricola begins: NATO-led United Nations peacekeeping forces KFOR enter Kosovo, Yugoslavia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369767946#June", "title": "1999", "revid": 1369767946, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1999, "year_label": "1999 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 14", "text": "September 14 – Kiribati, Nauru and Tonga join the United Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369767946#September", "title": "1999", "revid": 1369767946, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 2002, "year_label": "2002 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "August 26", "text": "August 26–September 4 – Earth Summit 2002 takes places in Johannesburg, South Africa, aimed at discussing sustainable development by the United Nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372652846#August", "title": "2002", "revid": 1372652846, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 2002, "year_label": "2002 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 16", "text": "January 16 – The United Nations and Sierra Leone create a joint Special Court for Sierra Leone to prosecute the Revolutionary United Front.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372652846#January", "title": "2002", "revid": 1372652846, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 2002, "year_label": "2002 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 27", "text": "September 27 – East Timor is admitted to the United Nations as the 191st member state; it also changes its official longform name from \"Democratic Republic of East Timor\" to \"Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste\".", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372652846#September", "title": "2002", "revid": 1372652846, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 2010, "year_label": "2010 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 23", "text": "November 23 – North Korea shells Yeonpyeong Island, prompting a military response by South Korea. The incident causes an escalation of tension on the Korean Peninsula and prompts widespread international condemnation. The United Nations declares it to be one of the most serious incidents since the end of the Korean War.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372829682#November", "title": "2010", "revid": 1372829682, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 2011, "year_label": "2011 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 14", "text": "July 14 – South Sudan joins the United Nations as the 193rd member.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372940525#July", "title": "2011", "revid": 1372940525, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 2011, "year_label": "2011 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "July 20", "text": "July 20 – The United Nations declares a famine in southern Somalia, the first in over 30 years.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372940525#July", "title": "2011", "revid": 1372940525, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 2014, "year_label": "2014 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "March 31", "text": "March 31 – The United Nations International Court of Justice rules that Japan's Antarctic whaling program is not scientific but commercial and forbids grants of further permits.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373534475#March", "title": "2014", "revid": 1373534475, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 2016, "year_label": "2016 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "January 16", "text": "January 16 – The International Atomic Energy Agency announces that Iran has adequately dismantled its nuclear weapons program, allowing the United Nations to lift sanctions immediately.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373421880#January", "title": "2016", "revid": 1373421880, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 2017, "year_label": "2017 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "March 10", "text": "March 10 – The UN warns that the world is facing the largest humanitarian crisis since World War II, with up to 20 million people at risk of starvation and famine in Yemen, Somalia, South Sudan and Nigeria.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371948773#March", "title": "2017", "revid": 1371948773, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 2020, "year_label": "2020 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 8", "text": "April 8 – COVID-19 pandemic: The Saudi–led coalition declares a unilateral ceasefire in its operations against Houthi forces in Yemen in accordance with United Nations-led efforts.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371633312#April", "title": "2020", "revid": 1371633312, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 2020, "year_label": "2020 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 5", "text": "January 5 – Second Libyan Civil War: President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan announces the deployment of Turkish troops to Libya on behalf of the United Nations-backed Government of National Accord.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371633312#January", "title": "2020", "revid": 1371633312, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 2020, "year_label": "2020 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 14", "text": "May 14 – NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg says the military alliance is \"ready to support\" the UN-recognized Government of National Accord in Libya while Greece, a member state of NATO, strongly criticizes Stoltenberg's remarks, saying his recognition of the \"Muslim Brotherhood government\" does not reflect the positions of the military alliance.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371633312#May", "title": "2020", "revid": 1371633312, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2020, "year_label": "2020 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "May 14", "text": "May 14 – The UN warns of a global mental health crisis caused by isolation, fear, uncertainty and economic turmoil.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371633312#May", "title": "2020", "revid": 1371633312, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2022, "year_label": "2022 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 7", "text": "April 7 – The UN votes by 93–24 to suspend Russia from the Human Rights Council, with 58 countries abstaining.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371998228#April", "title": "2022", "revid": 1371998228, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 2022, "year_label": "2022 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 22", "text": "July 22 – 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine: Russia and Ukraine sign the Black Sea Grain Initiative, an agreement brokered by Turkey and the United Nations to facilitate the shipment of grain exports and reduce soaring global food prices.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371998228#July", "title": "2022", "revid": 1371998228, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 2022, "year_label": "2022 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "September 1", "text": "September 1 – The UN releases a report stating that the Chinese government's Xinjiang internment camps and treatment of Uyghurs may constitute crimes against humanity.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371998228#September", "title": "2022", "revid": 1371998228, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 2023, "year_label": "2023 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 6", "text": "November 6 – Gaza war: The death toll in Gaza is reported to have passed 10,000. United Nations Secretary General António Guterres calls for a humanitarian ceasefire to increase the flow of aid to civilians.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372811827#November", "title": "2023", "revid": 1372811827, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 2024, "year_label": "2024 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 14", "text": "March 14 – The United Nations estimates that at least 56% of Palestinian civilians killed in the Gaza war were women and children.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371869228#March", "title": "2024", "revid": 1371869228, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 2025, "year_label": "2025 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "November 25", "text": "November 25 – A report published by the United Nations shows that Indonesian capital Jakarta has surpassed Japanese capital Tokyo as the world's largest city, with a population of 42 million people.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372865033#November", "title": "2025", "revid": 1372865033, "section": "Events › November"}}]}