{"slug": "united-states-congress", "label": "United States Congress", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Congress", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11268", "qid": "Q11268", "description": "bicameral legislature of the United States", "entries": 65, "years": 50, "span": [1782, 2021], "span_label": ["1782 CE", "2021 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 42}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 7}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 6}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 3}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 2}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 2}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 1}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "u-s-state", "label": "U.S. state", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "president-of-the-united-states", "label": "President of the United States", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "philippines", "label": "Philippines", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "cuba", "label": "Cuba", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "donald-trump", "label": "Donald Trump", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "massachusetts", "label": "Massachusetts", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "south-carolina", "label": "South Carolina", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "george-washington", "label": "George Washington", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "continental-army", "label": "Continental Army", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "alexander-hamilton", "label": "Alexander Hamilton", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "andrew-jackson", "label": "Andrew Jackson", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "florida", "label": "Florida", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1782, "year_label": "1782 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "January 15", "text": "January 15 – Superintendent of Finance Robert Morris goes before the United States Congress to recommend establishment of a national mint and decimal coinage.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370562345#January–March", "title": "1782", "revid": 1370562345, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1783, "year_label": "1783 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 15", "text": "March 15 – Newburgh Conspiracy: A potential uprising in the Continental Army stationed at Newburgh, New York, is defused, when George Washington asks the officers to support the supremacy of the United States Congress.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370056030#January–March", "title": "1783", "revid": 1370056030, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1789, "year_label": "1789 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 25", "text": "September 25 – The United States Congress proposes a set of 12 amendments to the U.S. Constitution, for ratification by the states. Ratification for 10 of these proposals is completed on December 5, 1791, creating the United States Bill of Rights.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368818853#July–September", "title": "1789", "revid": 1368818853, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1790, "year_label": "1790 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 11", "text": "February 11 – Two Quaker delegates petition the United States Congress for the abolition of slavery.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361336081#January–March", "title": "1790", "revid": 1361336081, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1790, "year_label": "1790 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 26", "text": "July 26 – Alexander Hamilton's Assumption Bill, giving effect to his First Report on the Public Credit, is passed in the United States Congress, allowing the federal government to assume the consolidated debts of the U.S. states.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361336081#July–September", "title": "1790", "revid": 1361336081, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1798, "year_label": "1798 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 7", "text": "July 7 – Quasi-War: The United States Congress rescinds treaties with France, sparking the war.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366050846#July–December", "title": "1798", "revid": 1366050846, "section": "Events › July–December"}}, {"year": 1800, "year_label": "1800 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 17", "text": "November 17 – The United States Congress holds its first Washington, D.C., session.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370325498#October–December", "title": "1800", "revid": 1370325498, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1801, "year_label": "1801 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 27", "text": "February 27 – Washington, D.C. is placed under the jurisdiction of the United States Congress.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370397745#January–March", "title": "1801", "revid": 1370397745, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1807, "year_label": "1807 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 22", "text": "December 22 – The United States Congress passes the Embargo Act, a trade embargo on all foreign nations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362733939#October–December", "title": "1807", "revid": 1362733939, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1807, "year_label": "1807 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 2", "text": "March 2 – The United States Congress passes the Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves \"into any port or place within the jurisdiction of the United States ... from any foreign kingdom, place, or country\" (to take effect January 1, 1808).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362733939#January–March", "title": "1807", "revid": 1362733939, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1818, "year_label": "1818 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 4", "text": "April 4 – The United States Congress adopts the flag of the United States as having thirteen red and white stripes, and one star for each state (twenty), with additional stars to be added whenever a new state is added to the Union.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373165947#April–June", "title": "1818", "revid": 1373165947, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1830, "year_label": "1830 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 12", "text": "January 12–27 – Webster–Hayne debate: In the United States Congress, Robert Y. Hayne of South Carolina debates against Daniel Webster of Massachusetts about the question of states' rights vs. federal authority.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352223718#January–March", "title": "1830", "revid": 1352223718, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1834, "year_label": "1834 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "March 28", "text": "March 28 – Andrew Jackson is censured by the United States Congress (expunged in 1837).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360367111#January–March", "title": "1834", "revid": 1360367111, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1845, "year_label": "1845 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 28", "text": "February 28 – The United States Congress approves the annexation of Texas.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364939346#January–March", "title": "1845", "revid": 1364939346, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1845, "year_label": "1845 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 23", "text": "January 23 – The United States Congress establishes a uniform date for federal elections, which will henceforth be held on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364939346#January–March", "title": "1845", "revid": 1364939346, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1845, "year_label": "1845 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 3", "text": "March 3 – Florida is admitted as the 27th U.S. state. On the same day, both houses of the U.S. Congress vote by a two-thirds majority, to override a presidential veto for the first time in history in order to pass legislation.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364939346#January–March", "title": "1845", "revid": 1364939346, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1845, "year_label": "1845 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 13", "text": "October 13 – A majority of voters in the Republic of Texas approve a proposed constitution that, if accepted by the United States Congress, will make Texas a U.S. state.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364939346#October–December", "title": "1845", "revid": 1364939346, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1848, "year_label": "1848 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 2", "text": "February 2 – Mexican–American War: Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo – Mexico cedes virtually all of what becomes the Southwestern United States to the U.S. The unincorporated California Territory becomes a provisional official possession; it is never organized by the United States Congress as a territory, but directly passes the requirements for statehood in 1850.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370038858#January–March", "title": "1848", "revid": 1370038858, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1849, "year_label": "1849 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "March 3", "text": "March 3 – The United States Congress passes the Gold Coinage Act allowing the minting of two additional denominations of gold coins, the gold dollar and the double eagle.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362576929#January–March", "title": "1849", "revid": 1362576929, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1850, "year_label": "1850 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 29", "text": "January 29 – Henry Clay introduces the Compromise of 1850 to the United States Congress.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365770371#January–March", "title": "1850", "revid": 1365770371, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1850, "year_label": "1850 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 18", "text": "September 18 – The Fugitive Slave Law is passed by the United States Congress.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365770371#July–September", "title": "1850", "revid": 1365770371, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1850, "year_label": "1850 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 9", "text": "September 9 – The New Mexico Territory is organized by order of the United States Congress.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365770371#July–September", "title": "1850", "revid": 1365770371, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1855, "year_label": "1855 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 3", "text": "March 3 – The United States Congress appropriates $30,000 to create the U.S. Camel Corps.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358982600#January–March", "title": "1855", "revid": 1358982600, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1861, "year_label": "1861 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 25", "text": "July 25 – The Crittenden–Johnson Resolution is passed by the U.S. Congress, stating that the war is being fought to preserve the Union, and not to end slavery.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368946725#July", "title": "1861", "revid": 1368946725, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1864, "year_label": "1864 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "April 22", "text": "April 22 – The United States Congress passes the Coinage Act of 1864, which makes privately issued Civil War tokens illegal. An additional law is passed on June 8 to include all private coinage.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369213895#April", "title": "1864", "revid": 1369213895, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1865, "year_label": "1865 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 11", "text": "December 11 – The United States Congress creates the United States House Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on Banking and Commerce, reducing the tasks of the House Committee on Ways and Means.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361545898#December", "title": "1865", "revid": 1361545898, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1865, "year_label": "1865 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 3", "text": "March 3 – The U.S. Congress authorizes formation of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361545898#March", "title": "1865", "revid": 1361545898, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1866, "year_label": "1866 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 25", "text": "July 25 – The United States Congress passes legislation authorizing the four-star rank of General of the Army (later reestablished as a five-star rank); Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant becomes the first to have this rank.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368829327#July", "title": "1866", "revid": 1368829327, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1866, "year_label": "1866 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 13", "text": "March 13 – The United States Congress overwhelmingly passes the Civil Rights Act of 1866, the first federal legislation to protect the rights of African-Americans; U.S. President Andrew Johnson vetoes the bill on March 27, and Congress overrides the veto on April 9.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368829327#March", "title": "1866", "revid": 1368829327, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1866, "year_label": "1866 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 16", "text": "May 16 – The United States Congress approves the minting of a nickel 5-cent coin (nickel), eliminating its predecessor, the half dime.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368829327#May", "title": "1866", "revid": 1368829327, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1867, "year_label": "1867 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 28", "text": "February 28 – The United States Congress forbids taxpayer funding of diplomatic envoys to the Holy See (Vatican), begun in 1848, and breaks off relations. Funding resumes, along with relations, in 1984.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365231456#February", "title": "1867", "revid": 1365231456, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1869, "year_label": "1869 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "January 20", "text": "January 20 – Elizabeth Cady Stanton is the first woman to testify before the United States Congress.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360511845#January", "title": "1869", "revid": 1360511845, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1870, "year_label": "1870 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 25", "text": "February 25 – Hiram Rhodes Revels, a Republican from Mississippi, is sworn into the United States Senate, becoming the first African American to sit in the U.S. Congress.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362496807#February", "title": "1870", "revid": 1362496807, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1873, "year_label": "1873 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "March 3", "text": "March 3 – Censorship: The United States Congress enacts the Comstock Law, making it illegal to send any \"obscene, lewd, or lascivious\" books through the mail.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370305657#March", "title": "1873", "revid": 1370305657, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1875, "year_label": "1875 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 1", "text": "March 1 – The United States Congress passes the Civil Rights Act, which prohibits racial discrimination in public accommodations and jury duty.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371928758#March", "title": "1875", "revid": 1371928758, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1882, "year_label": "1882 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "August 3", "text": "August 3 – The United States Congress passes the Immigration Act of 1882, imposing a head tax on immigrants to the U.S. and excluding undesirables.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360586433#August", "title": "1882", "revid": 1360586433, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1882, "year_label": "1882 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "March 22", "text": "March 22 – Polygamy is made a felony by the Edmunds Act, passed by the United States Congress.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360586433#March", "title": "1882", "revid": 1360586433, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1888, "year_label": "1888 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "May 1", "text": "May 1 – Fort Belknap Indian Reservation is established by the United States Congress.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372679419#May", "title": "1888", "revid": 1372679419, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1898, "year_label": "1898 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 25", "text": "April 25 – Spanish–American War: The United States declares war on Spain; the U.S. Congress announces that a state of war has existed since April 21 (later backdating this one more day to April 20).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367547011#April", "title": "1898", "revid": 1367547011, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1901, "year_label": "1901 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 2", "text": "March 2 – The United States Congress passes the Platt Amendment, limiting the autonomy of Cuba as a condition for the withdrawal of American troops.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373318021#March", "title": "1901", "revid": 1373318021, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1909, "year_label": "1909 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "April 9", "text": "April 9 – The Payne–Aldrich Tariff Act is passed in the United States Congress.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373420847#March–April", "title": "1909", "revid": 1373420847, "section": "Events › March–April"}}, {"year": 1915, "year_label": "1915 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 26", "text": "January 26 – The Rocky Mountain National Park is established by an act of the United States Congress.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373518749#January", "title": "1915", "revid": 1373518749, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1917, "year_label": "1917 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 18", "text": "May 18 – WWI: The Selective Service Act passes the United States Congress, giving the President the power of conscription.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373519608#May", "title": "1917", "revid": 1373519608, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1918, "year_label": "1918 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 19", "text": "March 19 – The United States Congress establishes time zones, and approves daylight saving time (DST goes into effect on March 31).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373520023#March", "title": "1918", "revid": 1373520023, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1919, "year_label": "1919 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 26", "text": "February 26 – Grand Canyon National Park: An act of the United States Congress establishes most of the Grand Canyon as a United States National Park.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373508849#February", "title": "1919", "revid": 1373508849, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1919, "year_label": "1919 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 4", "text": "June 4 – Women's rights: The United States Congress approves the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which would guarantee suffrage to women, and sends it to the states for ratification.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373508849#June", "title": "1919", "revid": 1373508849, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1919, "year_label": "1919 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "October 28", "text": "October 28 – Prohibition in the United States: The United States Congress passes the Volstead Act, over President Woodrow Wilson's veto. Prohibition goes into effect on January 17, 1920, under the provisions of the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373508849#October", "title": "1919", "revid": 1373508849, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1925, "year_label": "1925 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "October 1", "text": "October 1 – The United States Congress grants permission for Gutzon Borglum to begin constructing Mount Rushmore National Memorial on federal land in South Dakota.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367485783#October", "title": "1925", "revid": 1367485783, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1926, "year_label": "1926 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 20", "text": "May 20 – The United States Congress passes the Air Commerce Act, licensing pilots and planes.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373503199#May", "title": "1926", "revid": 1373503199, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1928, "year_label": "1928 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "December 21", "text": "December 21 – The United States Congress approves the construction of Boulder Dam, later renamed Hoover Dam.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372527586#December", "title": "1928", "revid": 1372527586, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1929, "year_label": "1929 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 26", "text": "February 26 – Grand Teton National Park is established by the United States Congress.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372436446#February", "title": "1929", "revid": 1372436446, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1933, "year_label": "1933 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 17", "text": "January 17 – The United States Congress votes in favour of Philippines independence, against the wishes of U.S. President Herbert Hoover.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371108771#January", "title": "1933", "revid": 1371108771, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1940, "year_label": "1940 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "May 16", "text": "May 16 – President of the United States Franklin D. Roosevelt, addressing a joint session of the U.S. Congress, asks for an extraordinary credit of approximately $900,000,000 to finance construction of at least 50,000 airplanes per year.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368818987#May", "title": "1940", "revid": 1368818987, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1941, "year_label": "1941 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 10", "text": "January 10 – The Lend-Lease Act is introduced into the United States Congress.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372706275#January", "title": "1941", "revid": 1372706275, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1941, "year_label": "1941 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 23", "text": "January 23 – Aviator Charles Lindbergh testifies before the U.S. Congress, and recommends that the United States negotiate a neutrality pact with Adolf Hitler.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372706275#January", "title": "1941", "revid": 1372706275, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1948, "year_label": "1948 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 26", "text": "May 26 – The United States Congress passes Public Law 557 which permanently establishes the Civil Air Patrol as the auxiliary of the United States Air Force.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371784888#May", "title": "1948", "revid": 1371784888, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1956, "year_label": "1956 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 30", "text": "July 30 – A joint resolution of Congress is signed by President Dwight D. Eisenhower, authorizing \"In God we trust\" as the U.S. national motto.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370022627#July", "title": "1956", "revid": 1370022627, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1967, "year_label": "1967 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "Gunsmoke, after 12 seasons and with declining ratings, almost gets cancelled, but protests from viewers, network affiliates and even members of Congress and especially William S. Paley, the head of the network, lead the network to move the series from its longtime late Saturday time slot to early Mondays for the fall—displacing Gilligan's Island, which initially had been renewed for a fourth season but is cancelled instead. Gunsmoke would remain on CBS until 1975.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370160888#Date_unknown", "title": "1967", "revid": 1370160888, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1968, "year_label": "1968 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "March 18", "text": "March 18 – Gold standard: The United States Congress repeals the requirement for a gold reserve to back U.S. currency.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371310387#March–April", "title": "1968", "revid": 1371310387, "section": "Events › March–April"}}, {"year": 1975, "year_label": "1975 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "January 2", "text": "January 2 – The Federal Rules of Evidence are approved by the United States Congress.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369955775#January", "title": "1975", "revid": 1369955775, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1975, "year_label": "1975 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 19", "text": "November 19 – The United States Congress approves the Clark Amendment, ending aid to the FNLA and UNITA.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369955775#November", "title": "1975", "revid": 1369955775, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1991, "year_label": "1991 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 16", "text": "May 16 – Elizabeth II becomes the first British monarch to address the U.S. Congress during a 13-day royal visit in Washington, D.C.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371487470#May", "title": "1991", "revid": 1371487470, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2001, "year_label": "2001 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 20", "text": "September 20 – In an address to a joint session of Congress, U.S. President George W. Bush declares a war on terror, officially the global war on terrorism.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373523156#September", "title": "2001", "revid": 1373523156, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 2002, "year_label": "2002 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 11", "text": "October 11 – The United States Congress approves military action in Iraq should it fail to comply with United Nations requirements for weapons of mass destruction.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372652846#October", "title": "2002", "revid": 1372652846, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 2021, "year_label": "2021 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 6", "text": "January 6 – Supporters of US President Donald Trump attack the US Capitol, disrupting certification of the 2020 presidential election, and forcing both houses of Congress to evacuate. Five people die during the ensuing riot. The event is classified as a domestic terrorist attack, and draws international condemnation.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372689859#January", "title": "2021", "revid": 1372689859, "section": "Events › January"}}]}