{"slug": "utrecht", "label": "Utrecht", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utrecht", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q803", "qid": "Q803", "description": "municipality in the Netherlands and capital city of the province of Utrecht", "entries": 16, "years": 16, "span": [47, 1803], "span_label": ["47 CE", "1803 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 9}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 2}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 1}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "netherlands", "label": "Netherlands", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "rhine", "label": "Rhine", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "dorestad", "label": "Dorestad", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "vikings", "label": "Vikings", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "denmark", "label": "Denmark", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "frisia", "label": "Frisia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "lothair-i", "label": "Lothair I", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "franks", "label": "Franks", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "frisians", "label": "Frisians", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-italy-holy-roman-empire", "label": "Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-burgundy", "label": "Kingdom of Burgundy", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "henry-iii-holy-roman-emperor", "label": "Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 47, "year_label": "47 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Romans build the Traiectum fortification near the mouth of the Rhine, which will later grow to be the city of Utrecht.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373289291#AD_47", "title": "40s", "revid": 1373289291, "section": "Timeline › AD 47"}}, {"year": 50, "year_label": "50 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Utrecht is founded, and a Roman fortification (castellum) is constructed at the Rhine border in the present-day Netherlands.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373339620#Roman_Empire", "title": "50s", "revid": 1373339620, "section": "Events › 50 AD › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 69, "year_label": "69 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Batavians attack Roman forts on the Rhine frontier; Fectio and Traiectum (modern Utrecht) are destroyed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367882081#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 69", "revid": 1367882081, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 689, "year_label": "689 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Battle of Dorestad: The Frisians under King Radbod are defeated by the Frankish mayor of the palace, Pippin of Herstal. The Rhine delta and Dorestad (modern Netherlands) become Frankish again, as well as the castles of Utrecht and Fechten (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350231931#Europe", "title": "689", "revid": 1350231931, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 834, "year_label": "834 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Danish Vikings raid the trading settlement of Dorestad (present-day Wijk bij Duurstede), located in the southeast of the province of Utrecht (modern Netherlands).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340941786#Europe", "title": "834", "revid": 1340941786, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 850, "year_label": "850 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Danish Viking raiders, led by King Rorik, conquer Dorestad and Utrecht (modern-day Netherlands). Emperor Lothair I recognizes him as ruler of most of Friesland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341129147#Europe", "title": "850", "revid": 1341129147, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 920, "year_label": "920 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Henry I conquers Utrecht (modern-day Netherlands), which has been in possession of the Vikings for 70 years. Balderic, bishop of Utrecht, moves his seat back from Deventer to Utrecht (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349205100#Europe", "title": "920", "revid": 1349205100, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1039, "year_label": "1039 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 4", "text": "June 4 – Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor, (\"the Elder\") dies of gout in Utrecht after a 12-year reign. He is succeeded by his 21-year-old son, Henry III (\"the Black\"), who also becomes king of Italy and Burgundy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1344928541#Europe", "title": "1039", "revid": 1344928541, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1125, "year_label": "1125 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "May 23", "text": "May 23 – Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor, dies of cancer in Utrecht after leading an expedition against King Louis VI (\"the Fat\") of France and then against the citizens of Worms. Having no legitimate children, Henry leaves his possessions to his nephew, Frederick II (\"the One-Eyed\"), duke of Swabia. At the Hoftag diet in Regensburg, Lothair, duke of Saxony, is elected King of Germany and crowned at Aachen on September 13.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365270881#Europe", "title": "1125", "revid": 1365270881, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1402, "year_label": "1402 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": null, "text": "A big fire in the city of Utrecht starts near the Jacobikerk.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371594109#Date_unknown", "title": "1402", "revid": 1371594109, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1489, "year_label": "1489 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 4", "text": "June 4 – Squire Francis War: The Battle of the Lek is fought between ships on the Lek river in the Burgundian Netherlands, near Utrecht, between the Hoek rebels (led by Jan van Naaldwijk) and the Cods, the ruling nobility of Burgundian Holland. The 1,400 Hoek warriors suffer 250 deaths, with 400 taken prisoner and van Nalldwijk and the remaining warriors retreating.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364757252#April–June", "title": "1489", "revid": 1364757252, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1527, "year_label": "1527 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 15", "text": "November 15 – The lands of the Bishopric of Utrecht, now in the Netherlands, are ceded to control of the Habsburgs in return for assistance in suppressing a rebellion by the citizens of Utrecht.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366980186#October–December", "title": "1527", "revid": 1366980186, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1672, "year_label": "1672 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 12", "text": "June 12 – Battle of Tolhuis: French forces under King Louis XIV cross the Rhine into the Netherlands; the city of Utrecht is occupied by the French Army.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365992116#April–June", "title": "1672", "revid": 1365992116, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1674, "year_label": "1674 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 1", "text": "August 1 – The 1674 derecho causes a catastrophic impact in Western Europe. In the Netherlands, the derecho causes over 1,050 deaths and devastates cities such as Utrecht and Amsterdam.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365128656#July–September", "title": "1674", "revid": 1365128656, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1795, "year_label": "1795 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 16", "text": "January 16 – War of the First Coalition: Flanders campaign: The French occupy Utrecht, Netherlands.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352627752#January–June", "title": "1795", "revid": 1352627752, "section": "Events › January–June"}}, {"year": 1803, "year_label": "1803 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 14", "text": "June 14 – Napoleon Bonaparte orders the establishment of five military camps to defend the coast of France, located at Bayonne, Ghent, Saint-Omer, Compiègne, Saint-Malo, and one in the occupied Netherlands, at Utrecht. Each one has 20,000 infantry and 2,000 cavalry to defend it.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373209562#April–June", "title": "1803", "revid": 1373209562, "section": "Events › April–June"}}]}