{"slug": "vichy-france", "label": "Vichy France", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vichy_France", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69808", "qid": "Q69808", "description": "client state of Nazi Germany, administering the Free Zone in southern France and French colonial possessions (1940–1944)", "entries": 9, "years": 6, "span": [1940, 1951], "span_label": ["1940 CE", "1951 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 3}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 3}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 1}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 1}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "pierre-laval", "label": "Pierre Laval", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "algeria", "label": "Algeria", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "oran", "label": "Oran", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "prime-minister-of-france", "label": "Prime Minister of France", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "world-war-ii", "label": "World War II", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "world-war-i", "label": "World War I", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "nazi", "label": "Nazi", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "the-holocaust", "label": "The Holocaust", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1940, "year_label": "1940 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 3", "text": "July 3 – WWII: Attack on Mers-el-Kébir: British naval units sink or seize ships of the French fleet anchored in the Algerian ports of Mers-el-Kebir and Oran, to prevent them from falling into German hands. The following day, Vichy France breaks off diplomatic relations with Britain.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368818987#July", "title": "1940", "revid": 1368818987, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1940, "year_label": "1940 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 11", "text": "July 11 – Vichy France begins with a constitutional law which only eighty members of the parliament vote against. Philippe Pétain becomes Prime Minister of France.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368818987#July", "title": "1940", "revid": 1368818987, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1941, "year_label": "1941 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 3", "text": "February 3 – WWII: The Nazis forcibly restore Pierre Laval to the office of Prime Minister in occupied Vichy France.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372706275#February", "title": "1941", "revid": 1372706275, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1941, "year_label": "1941 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "June 16", "text": "June 16 – WWII: British Fleet Air Arm aircraft sink the Vichy French destroyer Chevalier Paul off Syria.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372706275#June", "title": "1941", "revid": 1372706275, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1942, "year_label": "1942 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "July 16", "text": "July 16 – The Holocaust: By order of the Vichy France government headed by Pierre Laval, French police officers round-up 13,000–20,000 Jews and imprison them in the Winter Velodrome.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372873908#July", "title": "1942", "revid": 1372873908, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1944, "year_label": "1944 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 7", "text": "September 7 – Members of Vichy France's collaborationist government are relocated to Germany where an enclave is established for them in Sigmaringen Castle.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370022611#September", "title": "1944", "revid": 1370022611, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1945, "year_label": "1945 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "July 23", "text": "July 23 – WWII: French marshal Philippe Pétain, who headed the Vichy government during WWII, goes on trial for treason.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371513862#July", "title": "1945", "revid": 1371513862, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1945, "year_label": "1945 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "October 9", "text": "October 9 – Former prime minister Pierre Laval is sentenced to death, for collaboration with the Nazis in Vichy France.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371513862#October", "title": "1945", "revid": 1371513862, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1951, "year_label": "1951 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 23", "text": "July 23 – Marshal Philippe Pétain, former Prime Minister and Head of State of France, Chief of State of Vichy France during World War II, hero commander of World War I who led the French Army to victory at the nine-month-long Battle of Verdun, for which he was called \"the Lion of Verdun\", dies while serving a sentence of life-imprisonment on the island of Île-d'Yeu at 95 years old.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368856437#July", "title": "1951", "revid": 1368856437, "section": "Events › July"}}]}