{"slug": "virginia", "label": "Virginia", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1370", "qid": "Q1370", "description": "state of the United States of America", "entries": 30, "years": 25, "span": [1584, 1908], "span_label": ["1584 CE", "1908 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 11}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 7}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 4}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 2}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 2}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 1}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 1}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "maryland", "label": "Maryland", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-england", "label": "Kingdom of England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-france", "label": "Kingdom of France", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "george-washington", "label": "George Washington", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "royal-navy", "label": "Royal Navy", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "north-carolina", "label": "North Carolina", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "english-people", "label": "English people", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "walter-raleigh", "label": "Walter Raleigh", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "pennsylvania", "label": "Pennsylvania", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "iroquois-confederacy", "label": "Iroquois Confederacy", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "texas", "label": "Texas", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "jamestown-virginia", "label": "Jamestown, Virginia", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1584, "year_label": "1584 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "June 4", "text": "June 4 – Walter Raleigh sends Philip Amadas and Arthur Barlowe to explore the Outer Banks of Virginia (modern-day North Carolina), with a view to establishing an English colony; they locate Roanoke Island.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369561067#April–June", "title": "1584", "revid": 1369561067, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1611, "year_label": "1611 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 2", "text": "August 2 – Jamestown's Deputy Governor Sir Thomas Gates returns to Virginia with 280 people, provisions and cattle on six ships and assumes control, ruling that the fort must be strengthened.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1277342005#July–September", "title": "1611", "revid": 1277342005, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1616, "year_label": "1616 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": null, "text": "With small profits to show, the Virginia Company decides to distribute land in Virginia to shareholders according to the number of shares owned. Each stockholder can set up a \"particular\" plantation and pay associated expenses, receiving 100 acre km2 of land for each share and 50 acre m2 for each person transported (the \"headrights\" system).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366307823#November-December", "title": "1616", "revid": 1366307823, "section": "Events › November-December"}}, {"year": 1619, "year_label": "1619 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "December 4", "text": "December 4 – Thirty-eight colonists from England disembark in Berkeley Hundred, Virginia from the Margaret of Bristol and have a day of celebration to give thanks to God, in what is considered by some historians to be the first Thanksgiving in the Americas.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369562130#October–December", "title": "1619", "revid": 1369562130, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1620, "year_label": "1620 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "\"A Dutch Ship, putting in this Year [of 1620, before June], sold 20 Negroes to the Colony [as slaves], which were the first of that Generation, that were ever brought to Virginia.\"", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363705489#Date_unknown", "title": "1620", "revid": 1363705489, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1623, "year_label": "1623 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "June 14", "text": "June 14 – The first breach-of-promise lawsuit: Rev. Gerville Pooley, in Virginia, files against Cicely Jordan, but loses.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366655899#April–June", "title": "1623", "revid": 1366655899, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1623, "year_label": "1623 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "March 5", "text": "March 5 – The first American temperance law is enacted, in Virginia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366655899#January–March", "title": "1623", "revid": 1366655899, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1630, "year_label": "1630 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "September 24", "text": "September 24 – The first ship of de Sauce's emigrants arrive at Southampton Hundred, on the James River in Virginia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351974391#July–September", "title": "1630", "revid": 1351974391, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1677, "year_label": "1677 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 29", "text": "May 29 – The Treaty of Middle Plantation establishes peace between the Virginia colonists and the local Indians.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360727449#April–June", "title": "1677", "revid": 1360727449, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1678, "year_label": "1678 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "About 1,200 Irish families sail from Barbados to Virginia and the Carolinas.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368552109#Date_unknown", "title": "1678", "revid": 1368552109, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1718, "year_label": "1718 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 22", "text": "November 22 – Citing violations of the amnesty agreement with Blackbeard, Virginia Governor Alexander Spotswood sends a Royal Navy contingent to North Carolina, where they battle Blackbeard and his crew in Ocracoke Inlet. Blackbeard is killed in action, after receiving five musketball wounds and twenty sword lacerations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350255401#October_–December", "title": "1718", "revid": 1350255401, "section": "Events › October –December"}}, {"year": 1743, "year_label": "1743 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 31", "text": "July 31 – At a summit in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, the British colonies of Virginia, Maryland and Pennsylvania conclude a treaty with the Six Nations, conceding that the member tribes are entitled to the territory west of the Appalachian mountains and north of the Ohio River.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360887949#July–September", "title": "1743", "revid": 1360887949, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1753, "year_label": "1753 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 31", "text": "October 31 – Virginia Lieutenant Governor Dinwiddie commissions 21-year-old militia Major George Washington to dissuade the French from occupying the Ohio Country.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362641691#October–December", "title": "1753", "revid": 1362641691, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1774, "year_label": "1774 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 10", "text": "October 10 – Dunmore's War – Battle of Point Pleasant: Cornstalk is forced to make peace with Dunmore at the Treaty of Camp Charlotte, ceding Shawnee land claims south of the Ohio (modern Kentucky) to Virginia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369560805#October–December", "title": "1774", "revid": 1369560805, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1776, "year_label": "1776 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "December 5", "text": "December 5 – The Phi Beta Kappa society is founded at the College of William & Mary in Virginia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365773863#November–December", "title": "1776", "revid": 1365773863, "section": "Events › November–December"}}, {"year": 1776, "year_label": "1776 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 6", "text": "December 6 – The General Assembly of Virginia votes to create Kentucky County as the portion of the colony's Fincastle County that is located west of the Cumberland Mountains.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365773863#November–December", "title": "1776", "revid": 1365773863, "section": "Events › November–December"}}, {"year": 1776, "year_label": "1776 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 7", "text": "June 7 – American Revolution: Lee Resolution – Richard Henry Lee of Virginia proposes to the Second Continental Congress (meeting in Philadelphia) that \"these united colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent states.\"", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365773863#May–June", "title": "1776", "revid": 1365773863, "section": "Events › May–June"}}, {"year": 1778, "year_label": "1778 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "June 24", "text": "June 24 – A total solar eclipse takes place across parts of North America, from Texas to Virginia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371073991#April–June", "title": "1778", "revid": 1371073991, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1781, "year_label": "1781 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 2", "text": "January 2 – Virginia passes a law ceding its western land claims, paving the way for Maryland to ratify the Articles of Confederation.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370562964#January–March", "title": "1781", "revid": 1370562964, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1846, "year_label": "1846 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 7", "text": "September 7 – The portion of the District of Columbia in the United States that was ceded by Virginia in 1790 is re-ceded to Virginia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368342482#July–September", "title": "1846", "revid": 1368342482, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1851, "year_label": "1851 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August 1", "text": "August 1 – Virginia closes its Reform Constitutional Convention, deciding that all white men have the right to vote.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358777790#July–September", "title": "1851", "revid": 1358777790, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1852, "year_label": "1852 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 2", "text": "November 2 – 1852 United States presidential election: Democrat Franklin Pierce of New Hampshire defeats Whig Winfield Scott of Virginia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354165010#October–December", "title": "1852", "revid": 1354165010, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1859, "year_label": "1859 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 16", "text": "October 16 – John Brown raids the Harpers Ferry Armory in Harper's Ferry, Virginia, in an unsuccessful bid to spark a general slave rebellion.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371179353#October–December", "title": "1859", "revid": 1371179353, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1862, "year_label": "1862 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December", "text": "U.S. President Abraham Lincoln signs an act that admits West Virginia to the Union, thus dividing Virginia into two.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358615004#December", "title": "1862", "revid": 1358615004, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1862, "year_label": "1862 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 8", "text": "March 8 – Ironclad (formerly USS Merrimack) is launched at Hampton Roads, Virginia; the Battle of Hampton Roads starts the same day.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358615004#March", "title": "1862", "revid": 1358615004, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1865, "year_label": "1865 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "April 26", "text": "April 26 – Union cavalry corner John Wilkes Booth in a Virginia barn, and cavalryman Boston Corbett fatally shoots the assassin.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361545898#April", "title": "1865", "revid": 1361545898, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1865, "year_label": "1865 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 25", "text": "March 25 – American Civil War: In Virginia, Confederate forces capture Fort Stedman from the Union, although it is retaken the same day. Lee's army suffers heavy casualties: about 2,900, including 1,000 captured in the Union counterattack. Confederate positions are weakened. After the battle, Lee's defeat is only a matter of time.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361545898#March", "title": "1865", "revid": 1361545898, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1870, "year_label": "1870 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 26", "text": "January 26 – Reconstruction Era (United States): Virginia rejoins the Union. This year it adopts a new Constitution, drawn up by John Curtiss Underwood, expanding suffrage to all male citizens over 21, including freedmen.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362496807#January", "title": "1870", "revid": 1362496807, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1897, "year_label": "1897 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "October 23", "text": "October 23 – The Kappa Delta sorority is founded in Farmville, Virginia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362850810#October", "title": "1897", "revid": 1362850810, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1908, "year_label": "1908 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "September 17", "text": "September 17 – At Fort Myer, Virginia, Thomas Selfridge becomes the first person to die in an airplane crash. The pilot, Orville Wright, is severely injured in the crash but recovers.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373410903#September", "title": "1908", "revid": 1373410903, "section": "Events › September"}}]}