{"slug": "warsaw", "label": "Warsaw", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warsaw", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270", "qid": "Q270", "description": "capital and largest city of Poland", "entries": 27, "years": 25, "span": [1383, 2025], "span_label": ["1383 CE", "2025 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 13}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 6}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 3}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 3}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "poland", "label": "Poland", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "krakow", "label": "Kraków", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "sigismund-iii-vasa", "label": "Sigismund III Vasa", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "polishlithuanian-commonwealth", "label": "Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "holy-roman-empire", "label": "Holy Roman Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "russian-empire", "label": "Russian Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "soviet-union", "label": "Soviet Union", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "ukraine", "label": "Ukraine", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "russia", "label": "Russia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "grand-duchy-of-lithuania", "label": "Grand Duchy of Lithuania", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-poland", "label": "Kingdom of Poland", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "sigismund-ii-augustus", "label": "Sigismund II Augustus", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1383, "year_label": "1383 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 16", "text": "June 16 – At a meeting of the Polish nobles at Sieradz, Siemowit IV, Duke of Masovia announces that he will claim the crown as King of Poland. Queen Elizabeth of Hungary sends an army of 12,000 soldiers two months later to devastate the Duchy of Masovia and its capital, Warsaw, forcing Siemowit to give up his claims to the throne .", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360411139#April–June", "title": "1383", "revid": 1360411139, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1573, "year_label": "1573 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "April 5", "text": "April 5 – 1573 Polish–Lithuanian royal election: Polish and Lithuanian nobles gather at Warsaw to elect a successor to King Sigismund II Augustus, who had died the previous July 7. The vote comes down to four candidates, from France, the Holy Roman Empire, Sweden and Russia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366656331#April–June", "title": "1573", "revid": 1366656331, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1596, "year_label": "1596 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "King Sigismund III Vasa moves the capital of Poland from Kraków to Warsaw.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369722581#Date_unknown", "title": "1596", "revid": 1369722581, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1609, "year_label": "1609 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Warsaw becomes the capital of Poland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365588617#Date_unknown", "title": "1609", "revid": 1365588617, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1644, "year_label": "1644 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Sigismund's Column is erected in Warsaw to commemorate King Sigismund III Vasa, who moved the capital of Poland from Kraków to Warsaw in 1596.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369560996#Date_unknown", "title": "1644", "revid": 1369560996, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1655, "year_label": "1655 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 8", "text": "September 8 – Swedish King Karl X Gustav occupies Warsaw (Poland).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365983750#July–September", "title": "1655", "revid": 1365983750, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1656, "year_label": "1656 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 30", "text": "July 30 – After a battle of three days, Swedish and Brandenburger troops led by King Charles X Gustav of Sweden, defeat the forces of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, near Warsaw and recapture the recently liberated capital.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372048661#July–September", "title": "1656", "revid": 1372048661, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1656, "year_label": "1656 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 21", "text": "June 21 – Poland's capital, Warsaw, is recaptured by Poland's John II Casimir Vasa 11 months after the capital had fallen on July 25, 1655 to Sweden.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372048661#April–June", "title": "1656", "revid": 1372048661, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1683, "year_label": "1683 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 31", "text": "March 31 – Authorized representatives of King John III Sobieski of Poland and Emperor Leopold I of the Holy Roman Empire sign a military alliance treaty in Warsaw.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366000368#January–March", "title": "1683", "revid": 1366000368, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1702, "year_label": "1702 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 15", "text": "May 15 (May 4 O.S.) – King Charles XII of Sweden and his troops walk unopposed into Warsaw after troops capture the city.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362986314#April–June", "title": "1702", "revid": 1362986314, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1733, "year_label": "1733 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August 19", "text": "August 19 – In Warsaw as Stanislas Leszczynski appears to be on the verge of being elected King of Poland, Russia, Austria and Saxony sign Löwenwolde's Treaty (named for Russian diplomat Karl Gustav von Löwenwolde), pledging to go to war to place Frederick Augustus, son of the late King Augustus II, on the throne.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358761924#July–September", "title": "1733", "revid": 1358761924, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1745, "year_label": "1745 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 8", "text": "January 8 – The Quadruple Alliance treaty is signed at Warsaw by Great Britain, Austria, the Dutch Republic and the Duchy of Saxony.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353016128#January–March", "title": "1745", "revid": 1353016128, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1794, "year_label": "1794 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 17", "text": "April 17–19 – Kościuszko Uprising – Warsaw Uprising: The Polish people overthrow the Russian garrison in Warsaw.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362801189#April–June", "title": "1794", "revid": 1362801189, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1794, "year_label": "1794 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 4", "text": "November 4 – Battle of Praga: Russian General Alexander Suvorov storms Warsaw in the war against the Polish Kościuszko Uprising and captures Praga, one of its suburbs, unwittingly killing many civilians.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362801189#October–December", "title": "1794", "revid": 1362801189, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1806, "year_label": "1806 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 28", "text": "November 28 – French troops enter Warsaw.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368311144#October–December", "title": "1806", "revid": 1368311144, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1831, "year_label": "1831 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 8", "text": "September 8– Battle of Warsaw: The Army of Russia takes the Polish capital after a two-day battle to crush the Polish uprising.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360358594#July–September", "title": "1831", "revid": 1360358594, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1888, "year_label": "1888 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "In Poland, silver manufacturer Schiffers & Co. is founded in Warsaw.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372679419#Date_unknown", "title": "1888", "revid": 1372679419, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1915, "year_label": "1915 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 31", "text": "January 31 – WWI: Battle of Bolimów – Germany's first large-scale use of poison gas as a weapon occurs, when 18,000 artillery shells containing liquid xylyl bromide tear gas are fired on the Imperial Russian Army, on the Rawka River west of Warsaw; however, freezing temperatures prevent it being effective.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373518749#January", "title": "1915", "revid": 1373518749, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1927, "year_label": "1927 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 9", "text": "June 9 – The Soviet Union executes 20 people for alleged espionage in retaliation for the assassination two days earlier of Pyotr Voykov, the Soviet ambassador to Poland, at the railway station in Warsaw. Voykov had been shot by 19-year-old Boris Kowerda, an exiled Russian, in retaliation for having signed the death warrants in 1918 for Tsar Nicholas II and the Russian Imperial Family.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370012373#June", "title": "1927", "revid": 1370012373, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1939, "year_label": "1939 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 15", "text": "September 15 – WWII: Diverse elements of the German Wehrmacht surround Warsaw, and demand its surrender. The Poles refuse, and the siege begins in earnest.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372426050#September", "title": "1939", "revid": 1372426050, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1944, "year_label": "1944 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August", "text": "The Holocaust: Polish insurgents liberate a German labor camp in Warsaw, freeing 348 Jewish prisoners.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370022611#August", "title": "1944", "revid": 1370022611, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1955, "year_label": "1955 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 14", "text": "May 14 – Eight Communist Bloc countries, including the Soviet Union, sign a mutual defence treaty in Warsaw, Poland, that is called the Warsaw Pact (it will be dissolved in 1991).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371173508#May", "title": "1955", "revid": 1371173508, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1979, "year_label": "1979 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "February 15", "text": "February 15 – A suspected gas explosion in a Warsaw bank kills 49 people.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371786119#February", "title": "1979", "revid": 1371786119, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1980, "year_label": "1980 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "March 14", "text": "March 14 – LOT Polish Airlines Flight 007 crashes during an emergency landing near Warsaw, Poland, killing a 14-man American boxing team and 73 others.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363797378#March", "title": "1980", "revid": 1363797378, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1987, "year_label": "1987 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "May 9", "text": "May 9 – A Soviet-made Ilyushin Il-62 airliner, operated by LOT Polish Airlines, crashes into a forest just outside Warsaw, killing all 183 people on board.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372769014#May", "title": "1987", "revid": 1372769014, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2012, "year_label": "2012 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 8", "text": "June 8 – UEFA Euro 2012, hosted by Poland and Ukraine, begins in Warsaw, with a match between Poland and Greece, which ends 1-1.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373434549#June", "title": "2012", "revid": 1373434549, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 2025, "year_label": "2025 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "October 21", "text": "October 21 – American Eric Lu wins the quinquennial XIX International Chopin Piano Competition at the National Philharmonic in Warsaw, Poland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372865033#October", "title": "2025", "revid": 1372865033, "section": "Events › October"}}]}