{"slug": "washington-d-c", "label": "Washington, D.C.", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington%2C_D.C.", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61", "qid": "Q61", "description": "capital city of the United States of America", "entries": 34, "years": 31, "span": [1210, 2025], "span_label": ["1210 CE", "2025 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 11}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 9}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 4}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 3}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 2}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 1}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "white-house", "label": "White House", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "iran", "label": "Iran", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "persia", "label": "Persia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "afghanistan", "label": "Afghanistan", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "april", "label": "April", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "new-york-city", "label": "New York City", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "philadelphia", "label": "Philadelphia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "first-lady-of-the-united-states", "label": "First Lady of the United States", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "president-of-the-united-states", "label": "President of the United States", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "united-states-congress", "label": "United States Congress", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "elizabeth-ii", "label": "Elizabeth II", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "san-francisco", "label": "San Francisco", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1210, "year_label": "1210 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "1210–1211 – Shazi creates the Pen Box, from Persia (Iran) or Afghanistan (it is now kept at Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1321284058#Art_and_Culture", "title": "1210", "revid": 1321284058, "section": "Events › By topic › Art and Culture"}}, {"year": 1790, "year_label": "1790 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 16", "text": "July 16 – U.S. President George Washington signs the Residence Act into law, establishing a site along the Potomac River as the District of Columbia and the future site of the capital of the United States. The move comes after the bill is narrowly approved on July 1 by the Senate, 14 to 12, and on July 9 by the House, 32 to 29. At the same time, plans are made to move the national capital from New York to Philadelphia until the Potomac River site can be completed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361336081#July–September", "title": "1790", "revid": 1361336081, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1791, "year_label": "1791 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 9", "text": "September 9 – The capital of the United States, Washington, D.C., is named after the incumbent 1st President George Washington.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365416177#July–September", "title": "1791", "revid": 1365416177, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1792, "year_label": "1792 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 13", "text": "October 13 – Foundation of Washington, D.C.: The cornerstone of the United States Executive Mansion (known as the White House after 1818) is laid.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359853540#October–December", "title": "1792", "revid": 1359853540, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1800, "year_label": "1800 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 3", "text": "June 3 – U.S. President John Adams moves to Washington. Because the President's Mansion is still under construction, President Adams takes up residence at Tunnicliffe's City Hotel near the unfinished U.S. Capitol Building.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370325498#April–June", "title": "1800", "revid": 1370325498, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1815, "year_label": "1815 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 18", "text": "February 18 – The War of 1812 between the United States and the United Kingdom (including Canada) officially ends, following ratification of the Treaty of Ghent (1814) in Washington, D.C.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365587765#February", "title": "1815", "revid": 1365587765, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1864, "year_label": "1864 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "April 8", "text": "April 8 – Gallaudet University is founded in Washington, D.C., as the first university for the deaf and hard of hearing.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369213895#April", "title": "1864", "revid": 1369213895, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1881, "year_label": "1881 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "February 18", "text": "February 18 – Carlos Finlay introduces his discovery of the transmission of Yellow Fever by mosquitoes Aedes aegypti, in the Fifth International Sanitary Conference held in Washington, D.C.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369747876#February", "title": "1881", "revid": 1369747876, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1888, "year_label": "1888 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "January 13", "text": "January 13 – The National Geographic Society is founded in Washington, D.C.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372679419#January", "title": "1888", "revid": 1372679419, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1890, "year_label": "1890 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 11", "text": "October 11 – In Washington, D.C., the Daughters of the American Revolution is founded.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364071388#October", "title": "1890", "revid": 1364071388, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1891, "year_label": "1891 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 7", "text": "January 7 – The Inter-American Monetary Commission meets in Washington, D.C.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369994059#January", "title": "1891", "revid": 1369994059, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1894, "year_label": "1894 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "March 25", "text": "March 25 – Coxey's Army (of the unemployed), the first significant protest march in the United States, departs from Massillon, Ohio, for Washington, D.C.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369810485#March", "title": "1894", "revid": 1369810485, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1902, "year_label": "1902 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "February 12", "text": "February 12 – The 1st Conference of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance takes place in Washington, D.C.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373318639#February", "title": "1902", "revid": 1373318639, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1918, "year_label": "1918 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "May 15", "text": "May 15 – The United States Post Office Department begins the world's third regular airmail service, between New York City, Philadelphia and Washington, D.C.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373520023#May", "title": "1918", "revid": 1373520023, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1930, "year_label": "1930 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "May 10", "text": "May 10 – The National Pan-Hellenic Council is founded in Washington, D.C.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373315156#May", "title": "1930", "revid": 1373315156, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1939, "year_label": "1939 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 9", "text": "April 9 – African-American singer Marian Anderson performs before 75,000 people at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C., after having been denied the use both of Constitution Hall by the Daughters of the American Revolution, and of a public high school by the federally controlled District of Columbia. First Lady of the United States Eleanor Roosevelt resigns from the DAR because of their decision.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372426050#April", "title": "1939", "revid": 1372426050, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1941, "year_label": "1941 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "March 17", "text": "March 17 – In Washington, D.C., the National Gallery of Art is officially opened by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372706275#March", "title": "1941", "revid": 1372706275, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1941, "year_label": "1941 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "September 11", "text": "September 11 – Construction on the Pentagon begins in Washington, D.C.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372706275#September", "title": "1941", "revid": 1372706275, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1944, "year_label": "1944 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "February 2", "text": "February 2 – The first issue of Human Events is published in Washington, D.C.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370022611#February", "title": "1944", "revid": 1370022611, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1948, "year_label": "1948 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "April", "text": "April – Children's Bargain Town, a predecessor of toy and child-related retailer Toys \"R\" Us, is founded in Washington, D.C., United States.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371784888#April", "title": "1948", "revid": 1371784888, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1949, "year_label": "1949 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 4", "text": "April 4 – The North Atlantic Treaty is signed in Washington, D.C., creating the NATO defense alliance.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370167995#April", "title": "1949", "revid": 1370167995, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1956, "year_label": "1956 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "June 21", "text": "June 21 – Playwright Arthur Miller appears before the House Un-American Activities Committee in Washington, D.C.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370022627#June", "title": "1956", "revid": 1370022627, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1958, "year_label": "1958 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 27", "text": "January 27 – A Soviet-American executive agreement on cultural, educational and scientific exchanges, also known as the \"Lacy–Zarubin Agreement\", is signed in Washington, D.C.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371827125#January", "title": "1958", "revid": 1371827125, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1961, "year_label": "1961 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 29", "text": "March 29 – The Twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, allowing residents of Washington, D.C. to vote in presidential elections.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372676854#March", "title": "1961", "revid": 1372676854, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1976, "year_label": "1976 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "November 3", "text": "November 3 – Carrie, an American supernatural horror film directed by Brian De Palma, is premiered in 17 theaters in the Washington, D.C.-Baltimore area.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372603253#November", "title": "1976", "revid": 1372603253, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1979, "year_label": "1979 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 14", "text": "October 14 – National March for gay rights takes place in Washington, D.C., involving tens of thousands of people.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371786119#October", "title": "1979", "revid": 1371786119, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1979, "year_label": "1979 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "October 7", "text": "October 7 – Pope John Paul II ends his first U.S. papal visit in Washington, D.C., with his first-ever visit to the White House.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371786119#October", "title": "1979", "revid": 1371786119, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1982, "year_label": "1982 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "January 13", "text": "January 13 – Air Florida Flight 90 crashes shortly after takeoff into the 14th Street Bridge in Washington, D.C., United States, then falls into the Potomac River, killing 78 people.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373279023#January", "title": "1982", "revid": 1373279023, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1984, "year_label": "1984 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 6", "text": "November 6 – 1984 United States presidential election: Republican President Ronald Reagan defeats Democratic former Vice President Walter F. Mondale with 59% of the popular vote, the highest since Richard Nixon's 61% popular vote victory in 1972. Reagan carries 49 states in the electoral College; Mondale wins only his home state of Minnesota (by a mere 3,761 vote margin) and the District of Columbia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371242779#November", "title": "1984", "revid": 1371242779, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1990, "year_label": "1990 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "April 19", "text": "April 19 – Washington, DC post-hardcore band Fugazi release their debut studio album Repeater on Dischord Records.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366571855#April", "title": "1990", "revid": 1366571855, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1991, "year_label": "1991 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "July 1", "text": "July 1 – In the U.S., telephone services go down in Washington, D.C., Pittsburgh, Los Angeles and San Francisco as a result of a software bug, affecting nearly 12 million customers.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371487470#July", "title": "1991", "revid": 1371487470, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1991, "year_label": "1991 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 16", "text": "May 16 – Elizabeth II becomes the first British monarch to address the U.S. Congress during a 13-day royal visit in Washington, D.C.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371487470#May", "title": "1991", "revid": 1371487470, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1995, "year_label": "1995 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 16", "text": "October 16 – The Million Man March is held in Washington, D.C. The event was conceived by Nation of Islam leader Louis Farrakhan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372467239#October", "title": "1995", "revid": 1372467239, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 2025, "year_label": "2025 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "January 29", "text": "January 29 – 2025 Potomac River mid-air collision: A United States Army Black Hawk helicopter with three occupants on board, collides with a Bombardier CRJ700 operated by PSA Airlines with 64 occupants on board in Washington, D.C., United States. There were no survivors.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372865033#January", "title": "2025", "revid": 1372865033, "section": "Events › January"}}]}