{"slug": "western-xia", "label": "Western Xia", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Xia", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7427", "qid": "Q7427", "description": "kingdom or empire in ancient China (1038–1227)", "entries": 17, "years": 17, "span": [1003, 1227], "span_label": ["1003 CE", "1227 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Deaths", "count": 6}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 5}, {"title": "Births", "count": 4}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "genghis-khan", "label": "Genghis Khan", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "song-dynasty", "label": "Song dynasty", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "august", "label": "August", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "yellow-river", "label": "Yellow River", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "subutai", "label": "Subutai", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "shaanxi", "label": "Shaanxi", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1003, "year_label": "1003 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Jing Zong, Chinese emperor of Western Xia (d. 1048)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369535158#Births", "title": "1003", "revid": 1369535158, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1036, "year_label": "1036 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The Tangut script is devised by Yeli Renrong, for Emperor Jing Zong of Western Xia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342215297#China", "title": "1036", "revid": 1342215297, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": 1038, "year_label": "1038 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 10", "text": "November 10 – Li Yuanhao proclaims himself Emperor of the Western Xia, declaring independence from the Song dynasty in China.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350129769#Asia", "title": "1038", "revid": 1350129769, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1047, "year_label": "1047 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Yizong, Chinese emperor of Western Xia (d. 1068)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368550348#Births", "title": "1047", "revid": 1368550348, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1048, "year_label": "1048 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 19", "text": "January 19 – Jingzong, Chinese founding emperor of Western Xia (b. 1003)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350129783#Deaths", "title": "1048", "revid": 1350129783, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1060, "year_label": "1060 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Hui Zong, Chinese emperor (Western Xia) (d. 1086)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368549974#Births", "title": "1060", "revid": 1368549974, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1068, "year_label": "1068 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Yi Zong, emperor of Western Xia (b. 1047)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372127712#Deaths", "title": "1068", "revid": 1372127712, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1080, "year_label": "1080 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Shen Kuo, Chinese polymath scientist and statesman, begins his defensive military campaign against the Tangut people of the Western Xia. He successfully defends the invasion route to Yanzhou (Shaanxi province).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363303187#China", "title": "1080", "revid": 1363303187, "section": "Events › By place › China"}}, {"year": 1086, "year_label": "1086 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Huizong, Chinese emperor (Western Xia) (b. 1060)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1277859585#Deaths", "title": "1086", "revid": 1277859585, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1181, "year_label": "1181 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Xian Zong, Chinese emperor of Western Xia (d. 1226)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360570363#Births", "title": "1181", "revid": 1360570363, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1193, "year_label": "1193 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Ren Zong, Chinese emperor of the Western Xia (b. 1124)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367180478#Deaths", "title": "1193", "revid": 1367180478, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1206, "year_label": "1206 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Huan Zong, Chinese emperor of Western Xia (b. 1177)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267066460#Deaths", "title": "1206", "revid": 1267066460, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1209, "year_label": "1209 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Spring – The Mongols led by Genghis Khan begin their first invasion against the Western Xia state (or Xi Xia). They push up along the Yellow River, capturing several garrisons and defeating an imperial army. The Mongols besiege the capital Zhongxing – which holds a well-fortified garrison of some 70,000 men (hastily reinforced with another 50,000). Genghis lacks the proper equipment and experience to take the city. In October, an attempt to flood the city by diverting the Yellow River is disastrous and floods the Mongol camp, forcing the Mongols to withdraw.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362169644#Asia", "title": "1209", "revid": 1362169644, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1210, "year_label": "1210 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Jochi, Mongol leader and eldest son of Genghis Khan, begins a campaign against the Kyrgyz. Meanwhile, Emperor Xiang Zong of Western Xia agrees to submit to Mongol rule, he gives his daughter, Chaka, in marriage to Genghis and pays him a tribute of camels, falcons, and textiles.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1321284058#Asia", "title": "1210", "revid": 1321284058, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1225, "year_label": "1225 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Autumn – Subutai is assigned a new campaign by Genghis Khan against the Tanguts. He crosses the Gobi Desert with a Mongol army and advances south into the Western Xia (or Xi Xia). Meanwhile, Genghis, in his mid-sixties, becomes wounded during hunting. His injury – a dislocated shoulder, perhaps, or a bruised rib – forces him to take some rest.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1333322984#Mongol_Empire", "title": "1225", "revid": 1333322984, "section": "Events › By place › Mongol Empire"}}, {"year": 1226, "year_label": "1226 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August", "text": "August – At Xingqing in what is now China's Yinchuan province, Emperor Xianzong of the Western Xia Empire dies after a three-year reign, and is succeeded by his nephew, Li Xian. The Mongols under Genghis Khan force the surrender of Western Xia the following year, bringing an end to the Yinchuan province as a separate nation.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372695704#July_–_September", "title": "1226", "revid": 1372695704, "section": "Events › July – September"}}, {"year": 1227, "year_label": "1227 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Siege of Yinchuan: Mongol forces eliminate the Western Xia (or Xi Xia) and execute Emperor Mo (or Li Xian). Genghis Khan dies during the siege under debated circumstances, but this is kept secret from the army until the siege's end. Yinchuan is pillaged and its entire population is slaughtered or sold into slavery. Genghis orders the imperial family to be executed, effectively ending the Tangut royal lineage.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367488499#Asia", "title": "1227", "revid": 1367488499, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}]}