{"slug": "westphalia", "label": "Westphalia", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westphalia", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8614", "qid": "Q8614", "description": "region in Germany", "entries": 7, "years": 7, "span": [695, 1534], "span_label": ["695 CE", "1534 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 6}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "saxons", "label": "Saxons", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "charlemagne", "label": "Charlemagne", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "franks", "label": "Franks", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "germany", "label": "Germany", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "looting", "label": "Looting", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "rhine", "label": "Rhine", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "cologne", "label": "Cologne", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "charles-the-younger", "label": "Charles the Younger", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "francia", "label": "Francia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "north-sea", "label": "North Sea", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "weser", "label": "Weser", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "pannonian-avars", "label": "Pannonian Avars", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 695, "year_label": "695 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Saxons defeat the Bructeri between the Lippe and the Ruhr, and occupy Westphalia in Germany (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340806239#Europe", "title": "695", "revid": 1340806239, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 738, "year_label": "738 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Charles Martel, Merovingian mayor of the palace, begins a campaign against the Saxons (in modern-day Westphalia) on the northeast frontier. They are subdued and must pay him tribute.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340809691#Europe", "title": "738", "revid": 1340809691, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 775, "year_label": "775 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Westphalian Saxons, probably commanded by Widukind, cross the Weser and fight an inconclusive battle at Hlidbeck (modern-day Lübbecke). Charlemagne claims victory, but perhaps in reality suffers a setback. He reunites his forces and inflicts a real defeat upon the Saxons, seizing considerable booty and taking hostages, though Widukind escapes.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848014#Europe", "title": "775", "revid": 1340848014, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 792, "year_label": "792 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Westphalians rise up against the Saxons, in response to a forcible recruitment for wars against the Avars. However, Pepin, sub-king of Northern Italy and son of King Charlemagne, continues the war, and wins considerable booty from the Avars.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364906591#Europe", "title": "792", "revid": 1364906591, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 794, "year_label": "794 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "King Charlemagne abandons his channel project (see 793), and attacks the Saxon rebels from the north, supported by a second Frankish army under his son Charles the Younger, which crosses the Rhine at Cologne from the west; threatened from two directions, the Saxons surrender near Paderborn (Westphalia).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848638#Europe", "title": "794", "revid": 1340848638, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 797, "year_label": "797 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "King Charlemagne issues the Capitulare Saxonicum, making Westphalian, Angrian and Eastphalian Saxons equal to other peoples in the Frankish Kingdom. The Nordalbian Saxons revolt; a Frankish fleet is sent to the North Sea coast of Germany. It lands in Hadeln, a marshy coastal region between the Weser and Elbe estuaries, near modern-day Cuxhaven. Charlemagne invades northern Saxony, and again accepts the submission of the Saxons.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358611998#Europe", "title": "797", "revid": 1358611998, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1534, "year_label": "1534 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 23", "text": "February 23 – A group of Anabaptists, led by Jan Matthys, seize Münster, Westphalia and declare it The New Jerusalem, begin to exile dissenters, and forcibly baptize all others.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369558671#January–March", "title": "1534", "revid": 1369558671, "section": "Events › January–March"}}]}