{"slug": "william-wallace", "label": "William Wallace", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Wallace", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82457", "qid": "Q82457", "description": "Scottish knight and leading figure in the First War of Scottish Independence", "entries": 7, "years": 6, "span": [1270, 1305], "span_label": ["1270 CE", "1305 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 3}, {"title": "Births", "count": 1}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "france-in-the-middle-ages", "label": "France in the Middle Ages", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "london", "label": "London", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "glasgow", "label": "Glasgow", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "palace-of-westminster", "label": "Palace of Westminster", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-scotland", "label": "Kingdom of Scotland", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "edward-i-of-england", "label": "Edward I of England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "robert-the-bruce", "label": "Robert the Bruce", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "john-comyn-iii-of-badenoch", "label": "John Comyn III of Badenoch", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "john-balliol", "label": "John Balliol", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "scone-scotland", "label": "Scone, Scotland", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1270, "year_label": "1270 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "approximate – William Wallace, Scottish patriot", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362480805#Births", "title": "1270", "revid": 1362480805, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1297, "year_label": "1297 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May", "text": "May – William Wallace, Scottish rebel leader, leads an uprising against the English at Lanark and kills Sheriff William Hesselrig. He joins with William Douglas the Hardy, the first Scottish nobleman in rebellion – combining forces at Sanquhar, Durisdeer and Scone Abbey (known as the Raid on Scone) in June. Later, Wallace captures the English treasury at Scone to finance the rebellion against Edward I of England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359692211#British_Isles", "title": "1297", "revid": 1359692211, "section": "Events › By place › British Isles"}}, {"year": 1298, "year_label": "1298 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 22", "text": "July 22 – First War of Scottish Independence: Battle of Falkirk – English forces (some 15,000 men) led by Edward I defeat a Scottish army led by William Wallace at Falkirk. During the battle, the English knights drive off the Scottish horse and archers, but cannot break the pikemen in the center. The Scottish pikemen are formed in four great \"hedgehogs\" (known as schiltron) but are destroyed by English longbow archers.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363071319#British_Isles", "title": "1298", "revid": 1363071319, "section": "Events › By place › British Isles"}}, {"year": 1299, "year_label": "1299 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "William Wallace accompanied by a Scottish retinue goes abroad to France on a diplomatic mission, evidently to canvas support for the kingship of John Balliol.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349939019#British_Isles", "title": "1299", "revid": 1349939019, "section": "Events › By place › British Isles"}}, {"year": 1304, "year_label": "1304 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 9", "text": "February 9 – War of Scottish Independence: Scottish nobles led by Robert the Bruce and John Comyn (\"John the Red\"), negotiate a peace treaty with King Edward I of England (\"Edward Longshanks\"). His terms are accepted, and the Scots submit to English rule. In return, they are granted life and liberty under their old laws and freedom from the forfeiture of their lands. A few prominent nobles are singled out for temporary banishment – among them John de Soules, guardian of Scotland, who is exiled to France. No terms are offered to William Wallace, Edward's most wanted enemy, who remains defiantly at large despite every effort of Edward to capture him.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361428823#January_–_March", "title": "1304", "revid": 1361428823, "section": "Events › January – March"}}, {"year": 1305, "year_label": "1305 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "August 3", "text": "August 3 – William Wallace, Scottish rebel leader and knight, is captured near Glasgow at Robroyston, by English troops led by John de Menteith. He is transported to London and led, crowned mockingly with laurel, in procession to Westminster Hall.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1297125288#July_–_September", "title": "1305", "revid": 1297125288, "section": "Events › July – September"}}, {"year": 1305, "year_label": "1305 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 23", "text": "August 23 – William Wallace, Scottish rebel leader and knight", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1297125288#Deaths", "title": "1305", "revid": 1297125288, "section": "Deaths"}}]}