{"slug": "winchester", "label": "Winchester", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winchester", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172157", "qid": "Q172157", "description": "city and unparished area within the larger City of Winchester, Hampshire, England", "entries": 15, "years": 15, "span": [663, 1685], "span_label": ["663 CE", "1685 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 4}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 3}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 3}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 2}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "london", "label": "London", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-england", "label": "Kingdom of England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "philip-ii-of-france", "label": "Philip II of France", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "old-st-paul-s-cathedral", "label": "Old St Paul's Cathedral", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "louis-viii-of-france", "label": "Louis VIII of France", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "canterbury", "label": "Canterbury", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "lincoln-england", "label": "Lincoln, England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "wessex", "label": "Wessex", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "anglo-saxons", "label": "Anglo-Saxons", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "william-the-conqueror", "label": "William the Conqueror", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "empress-matilda", "label": "Empress Matilda", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "danelaw", "label": "Danelaw", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 663, "year_label": "663 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Wine, bishop of Winchester, moves the episcopal see north again to Dorchester.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367635360#Religion", "title": "663", "revid": 1367635360, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 860, "year_label": "860 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Summer – Viking raiders led by Weland sail to England and attack Winchester (the capital of Wessex), which is set ablaze. He spreads inland, but is defeated by West Saxon forces, who deprive him of all he has gained.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367666755#Europe", "title": "860", "revid": 1367666755, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 871, "year_label": "871 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Alfred makes Winchester his residence. The Danish armies colonize areas of north, central and eastern England, which become known as the Danelaw.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341129558#Europe", "title": "871", "revid": 1341129558, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 901, "year_label": "901 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Edward the Elder takes the title \"King of the Anglo-Saxons\". His mother, Dowager-Queen Ealhswith, founds the Nunnaminster at Winchester and retires into a religious life there.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1345013381#Britain", "title": "901", "revid": 1345013381, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 973, "year_label": "973 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "In the Council of Winchester, Edgar I accepts a 'Monastic Agreement' (called the Regularis Concordia). The document is compiled by Bishop Æthelwold and serves as a rule for how monastic life should be performed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354273404#Religion", "title": "973", "revid": 1354273404, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1076, "year_label": "1076 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "May 31", "text": "May 31 – Waltheof, Earl of Northumbria, a participant in the Revolt of the Earls against King William the Conqueror, is beheaded near Winchester.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362789427#England", "title": "1076", "revid": 1362789427, "section": "Events › By place › England"}}, {"year": 1101, "year_label": "1101 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August 2", "text": "August 2 – By the Treaty of Alton, ratified at Winchester, Robert abandons his claim to the throne, recognising Henry as King of England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365268186#England", "title": "1101", "revid": 1365268186, "section": "Events › By place › England"}}, {"year": 1103, "year_label": "1103 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "August 5", "text": "August 5 – Matilda of Scotland, queen of England as wife of Henry I, gives birth to their first son William Adelin at Winchester. They already have a daughter, Princess Matilda.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365265973#Britain", "title": "1103", "revid": 1365265973, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 1191, "year_label": "1191 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "April", "text": "April – John and William de Longchamp meet at Winchester to discuss their differences. Several senior bishops are appointed as arbitrators. At the end of the meeting, both John and William agree to follow the recommendations. William is to return Lincoln Castle to Gerard de Canville and accepts limits to his powers. In return, John is to surrender Nottingham and Tickhill castles.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362170549#England", "title": "1191", "revid": 1362170549, "section": "Events › By place › England"}}, {"year": 1194, "year_label": "1194 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "April 17", "text": "April 17 – Richard I is crowned for the second time, at Winchester, to underline his rightful position as monarch. During the coronation, he wears a golden crown and is followed by notables from the Church and State.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1292975381#England", "title": "1194", "revid": 1292975381, "section": "Events › By place › England"}}, {"year": 1216, "year_label": "1216 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 21", "text": "May 21 – Prince Louis of France, son of King Philip II (\"Augustus\"), invades England in support of the barons, landing in Thanet. He enters London without opposition, and is proclaimed, but not crowned, King of England at Old St Paul's Cathedral. In June, Louis captures Rochester Castle and Winchester, and soon controls over half of the English kingdom.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371079230#Europe", "title": "1216", "revid": 1371079230, "section": "Events › By continent › Europe"}}, {"year": 1264, "year_label": "1264 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April", "text": "April – Gilbert de Clare leads a massacre of the Jews at Canterbury, during the outbreak of the Second Barons' War. In the meantime, another of de Montfort's followers, John FitzJohn, leads a massacre against the Jews in London. The Jewish communities of Northampton, Winchester, Cambridge, and Lincoln are looted. The archæ (official chest of records) is destroyed or deposited at the headquarters of de Montfort's supporters at Ely.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1334426011#British_Isles", "title": "1264", "revid": 1334426011, "section": "Events › By place › British Isles"}}, {"year": 1392, "year_label": "1392 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 23", "text": "November 23 – King Richard II of England summons the English Parliament to assemble at Winchester on January 20.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360558319#October–December", "title": "1392", "revid": 1360558319, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1492, "year_label": "1492 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "November 24", "text": "November 24 – Loys of Gruuthuse, Earl of Winchester (b. c. 1427)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366150846#Deaths", "title": "1492", "revid": 1366150846, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1685, "year_label": "1685 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 25", "text": "August 25 – The Bloody Assizes begin in Winchester: Lord Chief Justice of England George Jeffreys tries over 1000 of Monmouth's rebels and condemns them to death or transportation.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369485499#July–September", "title": "1685", "revid": 1369485499, "section": "Events › July–September"}}]}