{"slug": "world-war-i", "label": "World War I", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_I", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q361", "qid": "Q361", "description": "1914–1918 global conflict", "entries": 26, "years": 23, "span": [1208, 2021], "span_label": ["1208 CE", "2021 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Deaths", "count": 8}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 6}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 5}, {"title": "Births", "count": 5}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 1}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "germany", "label": "Germany", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "milan", "label": "Milan", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "frankfurt", "label": "Frankfurt", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "king-of-italy", "label": "King of Italy", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "otto-iv-holy-roman-emperor", "label": "Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "iron-crown-of-lombardy", "label": "Iron Crown of Lombardy", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "austria", "label": "Austria", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-bohemia", "label": "Kingdom of Bohemia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "house-of-habsburg", "label": "House of Habsburg", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "rudolf-i-of-germany", "label": "Rudolf I of Germany", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "ottokar-ii-of-bohemia", "label": "Ottokar II of Bohemia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "grand-duchy-of-lithuania", "label": "Grand Duchy of Lithuania", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1208, "year_label": "1208 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "November 11", "text": "November 11 – Otto IV is elected by the German nobles as king of Germany at Frankfurt. He is engaged to Beatrice and travels to Milan where he receives the Iron Crown and the title of King of Italy, which continues until the end of World War I in 1918.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371078934#Europe", "title": "1208", "revid": 1371078934, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1278, "year_label": "1278 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 26", "text": "August 26 – Battle on the Marchfeld: German-Hungarian forces (some 9,000 men) led by Kings Rudolf I of Germany in alliance with Ladislaus IV of Hungary (\"the Cuman\"), defeat and kill Ottokar II, ruler of Bohemia. The battle ends the power struggle between Rudolf and Ottokar over the fate of Central Europe. Rudolf's House of Habsburg will continue to rule Austria and other captured territories until the end of World War I in 1918.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1334774897#Europe", "title": "1278", "revid": 1334774897, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1422, "year_label": "1422 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 27", "text": "September 27 – The Teutonic Knights sign the Treaty of Melno with the Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania, after the brief Gollub War. The Prussian–Lithuanian border established by the treaty remains unchanged, until World War I.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1325155630#July–September", "title": "1422", "revid": 1325155630, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1847, "year_label": "1847 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "December 17", "text": "December 17 – Michel-Joseph Maunoury, French general during World War I (d. 1923)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362575777#December", "title": "1847", "revid": 1362575777, "section": "Births › December"}}, {"year": 1854, "year_label": "1854 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "June 26", "text": "June 26 – Robert Borden, Canadian lawyer and politician, 8th Prime Minister of Canada, leader in World War I (d. 1937)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362496011#April–June", "title": "1854", "revid": 1362496011, "section": "Births › April–June"}}, {"year": 1883, "year_label": "1883 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "January 10", "text": "January 10 – Hubert Latham, pioneer French aviator of the pre-World War I era (d. 1912)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366127181#January–February", "title": "1883", "revid": 1366127181, "section": "Births › January–February"}}, {"year": 1887, "year_label": "1887 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "December 13", "text": "December 13 – Alvin York, American World War I hero (d. 1964)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363052310#November–December", "title": "1887", "revid": 1363052310, "section": "Births › November–December"}}, {"year": 1912, "year_label": "1912 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 29", "text": "February 29 – Serbia and Bulgaria secretly sign a treaty of alliance for a term of eight years, with each pledging to come to the defence of the other during war. The treaty would eventually be dishonored in World War I.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373503730#February", "title": "1912", "revid": 1373503730, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1914, "year_label": "1914 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 4", "text": "August 4 – World War I: German invasion of Belgium – At 08:02 (local time) Imperial German Army troops enter Belgium, bringing the July Crisis to a climax. At 23:00 (GMT) the British entry into World War I takes place when King George V in London declares war on Germany for this violation of Belgian neutrality (protected by the Treaty of London (1839)) and especially to defend France. This means a declaration of war by the whole British Empire against the German Empire. The United States declares neutrality.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373518346#August", "title": "1914", "revid": 1373518346, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1914, "year_label": "1914 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 24", "text": "December 24 – World War I: An unofficial and temporary Christmas truce begins between British and German soldiers on the Western Front.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373518346#December", "title": "1914", "revid": 1373518346, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1914, "year_label": "1914 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 28", "text": "June 28 – Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria: Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip, 19, assassinates Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife, Duchess Sophie, in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, triggering the July Crisis overnight and eventually World War I. Anti-Serb riots in Sarajevo and Zagreb break out.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373518346#June", "title": "1914", "revid": 1373518346, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1914, "year_label": "1914 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "November 28", "text": "November 28 – World War I: Following a war-induced closure in July, the New York Stock Exchange re-opens for bond trading.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373518346#November", "title": "1914", "revid": 1373518346, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1916, "year_label": "1916 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "July 21", "text": "July 21 – Sergeant Stubby, World War I American hero war dog (d. 1926)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373519106#July", "title": "1916", "revid": 1373519106, "section": "Births › July"}}, {"year": 1919, "year_label": "1919 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 28", "text": "June 28 – The Treaty of Versailles is signed, formally ending World War I, five years to the day since the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. John Maynard Keynes, who has been present at the conference and is unhappy with the terms of the treaty, brings out his own analysis later in the year, entitled The Economic Consequences of the Peace.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373508849#June", "title": "1919", "revid": 1373508849, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1920, "year_label": "1920 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 28", "text": "November 28 – FIDAC (French: Fédération Interalliée des Anciens Combattants, English: The Interallied Federation of War Veterans Organisations) is established in Paris at the initiative of veterans from World War I, predominantly pacifists, joined by associations of veterans from France, the United Kingdom, United States, Belgium, Romania, Czechoslovakia, Italy and Serbia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369258210#November", "title": "1920", "revid": 1369258210, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1926, "year_label": "1926 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 16", "text": "March 16 – Sergeant Stubby, World War I American hero war dog (b. 1916)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373503199#January–March", "title": "1926", "revid": 1373503199, "section": "Deaths › January–March"}}, {"year": 1929, "year_label": "1929 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "November 24", "text": "November 24 – Georges Clemenceau, Prime Minister of France, leader during World War I (b. 1841)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372436446#November", "title": "1929", "revid": 1372436446, "section": "Deaths › November"}}, {"year": 1931, "year_label": "1931 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 3", "text": "January 3 – Joseph Joffre, French World War I general (b. 1852)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371310518#January", "title": "1931", "revid": 1371310518, "section": "Deaths › January"}}, {"year": 1951, "year_label": "1951 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 23", "text": "July 23 – Marshal Philippe Pétain, former Prime Minister and Head of State of France, Chief of State of Vichy France during World War II, hero commander of World War I who led the French Army to victory at the nine-month-long Battle of Verdun, for which he was called \"the Lion of Verdun\", dies while serving a sentence of life-imprisonment on the island of Île-d'Yeu at 95 years old.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368856437#July", "title": "1951", "revid": 1368856437, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1953, "year_label": "1953 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 18", "text": "June 18 – René Fonck, French aviator, top Allied World War I Flying Ace (b. 1894)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371310369#June", "title": "1953", "revid": 1371310369, "section": "Deaths › June"}}, {"year": 1964, "year_label": "1964 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "September 2", "text": "September 2 – Alvin York, American hero of World War I (born 1887)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371069587#September", "title": "1964", "revid": 1371069587, "section": "Deaths › September"}}, {"year": 1973, "year_label": "1973 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 23", "text": "July 23 – Eddie Rickenbacker, American World War I flying ace and race car driver (b. 1890)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373239256#July", "title": "1973", "revid": 1373239256, "section": "Deaths › July"}}, {"year": 2010, "year_label": "2010 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 3", "text": "October 3 – Germany makes final reparation payment for World War I.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372829682#October", "title": "2010", "revid": 1372829682, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 2014, "year_label": "2014 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 28", "text": "July 28 – 100-year anniversary of World War I's commencement (Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373534475#July", "title": "2014", "revid": 1373534475, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 2020, "year_label": "2020 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "May 27", "text": "May 27 – COVID-19 pandemic: The U.S. death toll passes 100,000 – more Americans than were killed in the Vietnam War and Korean War combined, and approaching that of the First World War, where 116,000 Americans died in combat. The total number of cases continues to rise, although the rate is slowing.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371633312#May", "title": "2020", "revid": 1371633312, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2021, "year_label": "2021 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 24", "text": "April 24 – U.S. president Joe Biden becomes the first U.S. president to formally recognize the Ottoman killings of Armenians during World War I as genocide.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372689859#April", "title": "2021", "revid": 1372689859, "section": "Events › April"}}]}