{"slug": "xerxes-i", "label": "Xerxes I", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xerxes_I", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129165", "qid": "Q129165", "description": "fifth Achaemenid emperor (486–465 BC)", "entries": 13, "years": 12, "span": [-518, -329], "span_label": ["519 BCE", "330 BCE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 4}, {"title": "Births", "count": 2}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 2}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 2}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 1}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Xerxes I of Persia"], "related": [{"slug": "achaemenid-empire", "label": "Achaemenid Empire", "shared": 7}, {"slug": "darius-the-great", "label": "Darius the Great", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "libya", "label": "Libya", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "ancient-egypt", "label": "Ancient Egypt", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "persepolis", "label": "Persepolis", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "ancient-greece", "label": "Ancient Greece", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "egypt", "label": "Egypt", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "macedonia-ancient-kingdom", "label": "Macedonia (ancient kingdom)", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "persian-gulf", "label": "Persian Gulf", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "sardis", "label": "Sardis", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -518, "year_label": "519 BCE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Xerxes I of Persia, fourth king of Persia (or 518 BC) (d. 465 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342658780#Births", "title": "519 BC", "revid": 1342658780, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": -517, "year_label": "518 BCE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Xerxes I of Persia (or 519 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342658453#Births", "title": "518 BC", "revid": 1342658453, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": -490, "year_label": "491 BCE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "The construction of a relief begins in the Apadana, a ceremonial complex at Persepolis. The relief pictures Darius I and Xerxes I receiving tribute and is now displayed in the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364322520#Art", "title": "491 BC", "revid": 1364322520, "section": "Events › By topic › Art"}}, {"year": -485, "year_label": "486 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Egypt revolts against Persian rule upon the death of king Darius I. The revolts, probably led by Libyans of the western Delta, are crushed the next year by Xerxes, who reduces Egypt to the status of a conquered province.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360598378#Persian_Empire", "title": "486 BC", "revid": 1360598378, "section": "Events › By place › Persian Empire"}}, {"year": -484, "year_label": "485 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Xerxes I is just beginning his reign after the death of his father Darius the Great in 486 BC. During this time the Persian empire extends as far west as Macedonia and Libya and as far east as the Hyphasis (Beas) River; it stretches to the Caucasus Mountains and the Aral Sea in the north and to the Persian Gulf and the Arabian Desert in the south.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360598373#Persian_Empire", "title": "485 BC", "revid": 1360598373, "section": "Events › By place › Persian Empire"}}, {"year": -483, "year_label": "484 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Xerxes I quells the Egyptian revolt against Persian rule. He ravages the Delta region in the process and then appoints his brother Achaemenes satrap (governor) of Egypt.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350129371#Persian_Empire", "title": "484 BC", "revid": 1350129371, "section": "Events › By place › Persian Empire"}}, {"year": -482, "year_label": "483 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Xerxes I of Persia is encouraged by his cousin and brother-in-law, Mardonius, supported by a strong party of exiled Greeks, to take revenge for the defeat that Darius I suffered at the hands of the Greeks at Marathon in 490 BC. In response, Xerxes prepares for a major expedition to crush the Greeks. To avoid a repeat of the significant losses to the Persian fleet that occurred in 492 BC, Xerxes has a canal cut through the promontory of Mount Athos.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342607703#Persian_empire", "title": "483 BC", "revid": 1342607703, "section": "Events › By place › Persian empire"}}, {"year": -480, "year_label": "481 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Persian King Xerxes I arrives at Sardis and begins to build up his great army and navy for the invasion of Greece. Egypt contributes 481 ships.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350129369#Persian_Empire", "title": "481 BC", "revid": 1350129369, "section": "Events › By place › Persian Empire"}}, {"year": -464, "year_label": "465 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "King Xerxes I of the Persian Empire, together with his eldest son, is murdered by one of his Ministers, Artabanus the Hyrcanian. The Persian general, Megabyzus, is thought to have been one of the conspirators in the assassination.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1094347891#Persian_Empire", "title": "465 BC", "revid": 1094347891, "section": "Events › By place › Persian Empire"}}, {"year": -464, "year_label": "465 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Xerxes I, king of Persia (murdered) (b. c. 519 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1094347891#Deaths", "title": "465 BC", "revid": 1094347891, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -463, "year_label": "464 BCE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "Egypt seizes the opportunity created by the murder of Xerxes I to revolt against Persia. The revolt is led by Inaros, a Libyan, who gains control of the Delta region and is aided by the Athenians.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1288884953#Persian_Empire", "title": "464 BC", "revid": 1288884953, "section": "Events › By place › Persian Empire"}}, {"year": -459, "year_label": "460 BCE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "The construction of the ceremonial complex of Apadana (the audience hall of Darius I and Xerxes I) in Persepolis is completed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354173290#Persian_Empire", "title": "460 BC", "revid": 1354173290, "section": "Events › By place › Persian Empire"}}, {"year": -329, "year_label": "330 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 30", "text": "January 30 – After gaining the Pass of the Persian Gates, Alexander enters Persepolis. There he ceremonially burns down the palace of Xerxes I, as a symbol that the Panhellenic war of revenge is at an end.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1326554346#Macedonian_Empire", "title": "330 BC", "revid": 1326554346, "section": "Events › By place › Macedonian Empire"}}]}