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ministers","quote":"Louis-Mathieu Molé, Prime minister (1836–1839)"}]},{"state":"Luxembourg","region":"Europe","country":"Luxembourg","wikipedia":"Luxembourg","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"William I","person":"William I of the Netherlands","qid":"Q2079957","title":"Grand Duke","office":"Monarchs","quote":"William I, Grand Duke (1815–1840)"}]},{"state":"Kingdom of the Netherlands","region":"Europe","country":"Netherlands","wikipedia":"Kingdom of the Netherlands","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"William I","person":"William I of the Netherlands","qid":"Q2079957","title":"King","office":"Monarchs","quote":"William I, Sovereign Prince (1813–1815), King (1815–1840)"}]},{"state":"Kingdom of Huahine","region":"Oceania","country":"French Polynesia","wikipedia":"Huahine","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Teriitaria II","person":"Teriitaria II","qid":"Q7702414","title":"Queen","office":null,"quote":"Teriitaria II, Queen (1815–1852)"}]},{"state":"Kings of Uvea (Wallis)","region":"Oceania","country":"French Polynesia","wikipedia":"List of kings of Uvea","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Soane-Patita Vaimua Lavelua","person":"Soane-Patita Vaimua Lavelua","qid":"Q7549784","title":"King","office":null,"quote":"Soane-Patita Vaimua Lavelua, King (1830–1858)"}]}],"source":{"name":"Wikipedia","title":"List of state leaders in the 19th century (1801–1850)","revid":1360994931,"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360994931","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","retrieved":"2026-10-22"},"checked":"Each holder is quoted from the list and kept for this year only where the person's own Wikidata record holds the same post over the same term, to within a year."},"births":[{"text":"March 12 – Sir William Perkin, English chemist (d. 1907)","person":"March 12","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360381946#Births","title":"1838","revid":1360381946}},{"text":"September 2 – Liliuokalani, last Queen of Hawaii (d. 1917)","person":"Liliuokalani","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360381946#Births","title":"1838","revid":1360381946}},{"text":"September 29 – Henry Hobson Richardson, American architect (d. 1886)","person":"September 29","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360381946#Births","title":"1838","revid":1360381946}},{"text":"January 6- Max Bruch, German composer (d. 1920)","person":"January 6","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1336848320#Births","title":"1838 in Germany","revid":1336848320}},{"text":"January 4 – General Tom Thumb, American circus performer, entertainer (d. 1883)","person":"January 4","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360381946#Births","title":"1838","revid":1360381946}},{"text":"November 29 – Giovanni Losi, Italian Combonian missionary (d. 1882)","person":"November 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10","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360381946#Births","title":"1838","revid":1360381946}},{"text":"March 15 – Alice Cunningham Fletcher, American ethnologist, anthropologist, and social scientist (d. 1923)","person":"March 15","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360381946#Births","title":"1838","revid":1360381946}},{"text":"29 January – David Gray, poet (died 1861)","person":"29 January","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362254569#Births","title":"1838 in Scotland","revid":1362254569}},{"text":"January 29 – Edward W. Morley, American chemist noted for working on the Michelson–Morley experiment (d. 1923)","person":"January 29","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360381946#Births","title":"1838","revid":1360381946}},{"text":"October 8 – John Hay, author, biographer, 37th United States Secretary of State (died 1905)","person":"John Hay","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358511107#Births","title":"1838 in the United States","revid":1358511107}},{"text":"November 23 – Stephanos Skouloudis, 34th Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1928)","person":"November 23","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360381946#Births","title":"1838","revid":1360381946}}]}