{"year":1921,"population":{"value":1910916276,"source":{"name":"Population (HYDE 3.3; Gapminder; UN World Population Prospects)","publisher":"Our World in Data","url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/population","license":"CC BY 4.0"}},"prices":{"cpi":17.85,"cpi_now":336.94,"cpi_now_date":"2026-09-01","dollar_today":18.8762,"cpi_source":{"series":"CPIAUCNS","name":"Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items in U.S. City Average","publisher":"U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics","url":"https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CPIAUCNS","license":"Public domain (U.S. government work)"},"items":[]},"leaders":{"states":[{"state":"Kingdom of Rwanda","region":"Africa","country":"Great Lakes area","wikipedia":"Kingdom of Rwanda","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Yuhi V Musinga","person":"Yuhi V of Rwanda","qid":"Q2713920","title":"King","office":null,"quote":"Yuhi V Musinga, King (1896–1931)"}]},{"state":"Sultanate of Zanzibar","region":"Africa","country":"Great Lakes area","wikipedia":"Sultanate of Zanzibar","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Khalifa II","person":"Khalifa bin Harub of Zanzibar","qid":"Q982863","title":"Sultan","office":null,"quote":"Khalifa II, Sultan (1911–1960)"}]},{"state":"Ethiopian Empire","region":"Africa","country":"Horn of Africa area","wikipedia":"Ethiopian Empire","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Zewditu I","person":"Zewditu I","qid":"Q148524","title":"Empress","office":null,"quote":"Zewditu I, Empress (1916–1930)"}]},{"state":"Beylik of Tunis","region":"Africa","country":"Tunisia","wikipedia":"Beylik of Tunis","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Muhammad V an-Nasir","person":"Muhammad V an-Nasir","qid":"Q2551383","title":"Bey","office":"Beys","quote":"Muhammad V an-Nasir, Bey (1906–1922)"},{"name":"Taïeb Djellouli","person":"Taïeb Djellouli","qid":"Q3516540","title":"Grand vizier","office":"Grand viziers","quote":"Taïeb Djellouli, Grand vizier (1915–1922)"}]},{"state":"Sultanate of Egypt","region":"Africa","country":"Egypt","wikipedia":"Sultanate of Egypt","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Mohamed Tawfik Naseem Pasha","person":"Mohamed Tawfik Naseem Pasha","qid":"Q4115732","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Mohamed Tawfik Naseem Pasha, Prime minister (1920–1921)"},{"name":"Adly Yakan Pasha","person":"Adly Yakan Pasha","qid":"Q358528","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Adly Yakan Pasha, Prime minister (1921–1922)"}]},{"state":"Sultanate of Morocco: Alaouite dynasty","region":"Africa","country":"Morocco and Western Sahara","wikipedia":"Morocco","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Yusef","person":"Yusef of Morocco","qid":"Q276937","title":"Sultan","office":null,"quote":"Yusef, Sultan (1912–1927)"}]},{"state":"Republic of the Rif","region":"Africa","country":"Morocco and Western Sahara","wikipedia":"Republic of the Rif","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Abd el-Krim","person":"Abd el-Krim","qid":"Q202650","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Abd el-Krim, President (1921–1926)"}]},{"state":"Union of South Africa","region":"Africa","country":"South Africa","wikipedia":"Union of South Africa","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"George V","person":"George V","qid":"Q269412","title":"King","office":"Monarchs","quote":"George V, King (1910–1936)"},{"name":"Jan Smuts","person":"Jan Smuts","qid":"Q214321","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Jan Smuts, Prime minister (1919–1924)"}]},{"state":"Liberia","region":"Africa","country":"Liberia","wikipedia":"Liberia","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Charles D. B. King","person":"Charles D. B. King","qid":"Q730622","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Charles D. B. King, President (1920–1930)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Cuba","region":"Americas","country":"Cuba","wikipedia":"Republic of Cuba (1902–1959)","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Mario García Menocal","person":"Mario García Menocal","qid":"Q878826","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Mario García Menocal, President (1913–1921)"},{"name":"Alfredo Zayas y Alfonso","person":"Alfredo Zayas y Alfonso","qid":"Q880250","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Alfredo Zayas y Alfonso, President (1921–1925)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Haiti (1859–1957)","region":"Americas","country":"Haiti","wikipedia":"Republic of Haiti (1859–1957)","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Philippe Sudré Dartiguenave","person":"Philippe Sudré Dartiguenave","qid":"Q268439","title":"President","office":"Heads of state","quote":"Philippe Sudré Dartiguenave, President (1915–1922)"}]},{"state":"First Costa Rican Republic","region":"Americas","country":"Costa Rica","wikipedia":"First Costa Rican Republic","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Julio Acosta García","person":"Julio Acosta García","qid":"Q614736","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Julio Acosta García, President (1920–1924)"}]},{"state":"El Salvador","region":"Americas","country":"El Salvador","wikipedia":"El Salvador","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Jorge Meléndez","person":"Jorge Meléndez","qid":"Q881128","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Jorge Meléndez, President (1919–1923)"}]},{"state":"Guatemala","region":"Americas","country":"Guatemala","wikipedia":"Guatemala","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Carlos Herrera","person":"Carlos Herrera","qid":"Q436815","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Carlos Herrera, President (1920–1921)"},{"name":"José María Orellana","person":"José María Orellana","qid":"Q885550","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"José María Orellana, President (1921–1926)"}]},{"state":"Honduras","region":"Americas","country":"Honduras","wikipedia":"Honduras","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Rafael López Gutiérrez","person":"Rafael López Gutiérrez","qid":"Q178575","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Rafael López Gutiérrez, President (1920–1924)"}]},{"state":"Nicaragua","region":"Americas","country":"Nicaragua","wikipedia":"Nicaragua","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Emiliano Chamorro Vargas","person":"Emiliano Chamorro Vargas","qid":"Q727025","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Emiliano Chamorro Vargas, President (1917–1921)"},{"name":"Diego Manuel Chamorro","person":"Diego Manuel Chamorro","qid":"Q887460","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Diego Manuel Chamorro, President (1921–1923)"}]},{"state":"Canada","region":"Americas","country":"Canada","wikipedia":"Canada","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Arthur Meighen","person":"Arthur Meighen","qid":"Q128645","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Arthur Meighen, Prime minister (1920–1921)"},{"name":"William Lyon Mackenzie King","person":"William Lyon Mackenzie King","qid":"Q128633","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"William Lyon Mackenzie King, Prime minister (1921–1926)"}]},{"state":"Dominion of Newfoundland","region":"Americas","country":"Canada","wikipedia":"Dominion of Newfoundland","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"George V","person":"George V","qid":"Q269412","title":"King","office":"Monarchs","quote":"George V, King (1910–1936)"}]},{"state":"Mexico","region":"Americas","country":"Mexico","wikipedia":"Mexico","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Álvaro Obregón","person":"Álvaro Obregón","qid":"Q217498","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Álvaro Obregón, President (1920–1924)"}]},{"state":"United States","region":"Americas","country":"United States","wikipedia":"United States","key":"United States","holders":[{"name":"Woodrow Wilson","person":"Woodrow Wilson","qid":"Q34296","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Woodrow Wilson, President (1913–1921)"},{"name":"Warren G. Harding","person":"Warren G. Harding","qid":"Q35286","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Warren G. Harding, President (1921–1923)"}]},{"state":"Argentine Republic","region":"Americas","country":"Argentina","wikipedia":"Argentina","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Hipólito Yrigoyen","person":"Hipólito Yrigoyen","qid":"Q297134","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Hipólito Yrigoyen, President (1916–1922)"}]},{"state":"Bolivia","region":"Americas","country":"Bolivia","wikipedia":"Bolivia","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Bautista Saavedra","person":"Bautista Saavedra","qid":"Q811928","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Bautista Saavedra, President (1921–1925)"}]},{"state":"First Brazilian Republic","region":"Americas","country":"Brazil","wikipedia":"First Brazilian Republic","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Epitácio Pessoa","person":"Epitácio Pessoa","qid":"Q311119","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Epitácio Pessoa, President (1919–1922)"}]},{"state":"Parliamentary Era Chile","region":"Americas","country":"Chile","wikipedia":"History of Chile during the Parliamentary Era (1891–1925)","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Arturo Alessandri","person":"Arturo Alessandri","qid":"Q848","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Arturo Alessandri, President (1920–1924)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Colombia","region":"Americas","country":"Colombia","wikipedia":"Colombia","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Marco Fidel Suárez","person":"Marco Fidel Suárez","qid":"Q3045986","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Marco Fidel Suárez, President (1918–1921)"},{"name":"Jorge Holguín","person":"Jorge Holguín","qid":"Q3091191","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Jorge Holguín, President (1921–1922)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Paraguay","region":"Americas","country":"Paraguay","wikipedia":"History of Paraguay","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Manuel Gondra","person":"Manuel Gondra","qid":"Q860963","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Manuel Gondra, President (1920–1921)"},{"name":"Eusebio Ayala","person":"Eusebio Ayala","qid":"Q559950","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Eusebio Ayala, President (1921–1923)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Peru","region":"Americas","country":"Peru","wikipedia":"Peru","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Augusto B. Leguía y Salcedo","person":"Augusto B. Leguía y Salcedo","qid":"Q131010","title":"Constitutional President","office":null,"quote":"Augusto B. Leguía y Salcedo, Constitutional President (1919–1930)"}]},{"state":"Uruguay","region":"Americas","country":"Uruguay","wikipedia":"Uruguay","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Baltasar Brum","person":"Baltasar Brum","qid":"Q728478","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Baltasar Brum, President (1919–1923)"}]},{"state":"Republic of China (1916–1949)","region":"Asia","country":"China","wikipedia":"Republic of China (1912–49)","key":"China","holders":[{"name":"Xu Shichang","person":"Xu Shichang","qid":"Q702428","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Xu Shichang, President (1918–1922)"}]},{"state":"Empire of Japan","region":"Asia","country":"Japan","wikipedia":"Empire of Japan","key":"Japan","holders":[{"name":"Taishō","person":"Emperor Taishō","qid":"Q157052","title":"Emperor","office":"Emperors","quote":"Taishō, Emperor (1912–1926)"},{"name":"Hara Takashi","person":"Hara Takashi","qid":"Q315553","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Hara Takashi, Prime minister (1918–1921)"},{"name":"Takahashi Korekiyo","person":"Takahashi Korekiyo","qid":"Q315842","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Takahashi Korekiyo, Prime minister (1921–1922)"}]},{"state":"Bogd Khanate of Mongolia","region":"Asia","country":"Mongolia","wikipedia":"Bogd Khanate of Mongolia","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Bogd Khan","person":"Bogd Khan","qid":"Q353547","title":"Khagan","office":"Khagans","quote":"Bogd Khan, Khagan (1911–1924)"},{"name":"Gonchigjalzangiin Badamdorj","person":"Gonchigjalzangiin Badamdorj","qid":"Q4143308","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Gonchigjalzangiin Badamdorj, Prime minister (1919–1921)"},{"name":"Dogsomyn Bodoo","person":"Dogsomyn Bodoo","qid":"Q2994382","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Dogsomyn Bodoo, Prime minister (1921–1922)"}]},{"state":"Protectorate of Brunei","region":"Asia","country":"Brunei","wikipedia":"Brunei#British intervention","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Muhammad Jamalul Alam II","person":"Muhammad Jamalul Alam II","qid":"Q40110","title":"Sultan","office":null,"quote":"Muhammad Jamalul Alam II, Sultan (1906–1924)"}]},{"state":"Surakarta Sunanate","region":"Asia","country":"Indonesia","wikipedia":"Surakarta Sunanate","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Pakubuwono X","person":"Pakubuwono X","qid":"Q2330098","title":"Sultan","office":null,"quote":"Pakubuwono X, Sultan (1893–1939)"}]},{"state":"Yogyakarta Sultanate","region":"Asia","country":"Indonesia","wikipedia":"Yogyakarta Sultanate","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Hamengkubuwono VII","person":"Hamengkubuwono VII","qid":"Q2584101","title":"Sultan","office":null,"quote":"Hamengkubuwono VII, Sultan (1877–1921)"},{"name":"Hamengkubuwono VIII","person":"Hamengkubuwono VIII","qid":"Q661401","title":"Sultan","office":null,"quote":"Hamengkubuwono VIII, Sultan (1921–1939)"}]},{"state":"Pakualaman","region":"Asia","country":"Indonesia","wikipedia":"Pakualaman","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Pakualam VII","person":"Paku Alam VII","qid":"Q2266005","title":"Sultan","office":null,"quote":"Pakualam VII, Sultan (1906–1937)"}]},{"state":"Sultanate of Siak Sri Indrapura","region":"Asia","country":"Indonesia","wikipedia":"Sultanate of Siak Sri Indrapura","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Syarif Kasim II","person":"Syarif Kasim II","qid":"Q11214817","title":"Sultan","office":null,"quote":"Syarif Kasim II, Sultan (1915–1946)"}]},{"state":"French Protectorate of Luang Phrabang","region":"Asia","country":"Laos","wikipedia":"French Protectorate of Laos","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Sisavang Vong","person":"Sisavang Vong","qid":"Q379794","title":"King of Luang Phrabang","office":null,"quote":"Sisavang Vong, King of Luang Phrabang (1904–1945), King of Laos (1946–1953)"}]},{"state":"Kedah Sultanate","region":"Asia","country":"Malaysia","wikipedia":"Kedah Sultanate","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Abdul Hamid Halim Shah ll","person":"Abdul Hamid Halim of Kedah","qid":"Q4207009","title":"Sultan","office":null,"quote":"Abdul Hamid Halim Shah ll, Sultan, (1881–1943)"}]},{"state":"Perak Sultanate: Siak dynasty","region":"Asia","country":"Malaysia","wikipedia":"Perak Sultanate","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Iskandar","person":"Iskandar of Perak","qid":"Q4259447","title":"Sultan","office":null,"quote":"Iskandar, Sultan (1918–1938)"}]},{"state":"Terengganu Sultanate","region":"Asia","country":"Malaysia","wikipedia":"Terengganu Sultanate","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Sulaiman Badrul Alam Shah","person":"Sulaiman Badrul Alam Shah of Terengganu","qid":"Q12709893","title":"Sultan","office":null,"quote":"Sulaiman Badrul Alam Shah, Sultan (1920–1942)"}]},{"state":"Selangor Sultanate","region":"Asia","country":"Malaysia","wikipedia":"Selangor Sultanate","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Sulaiman","person":"Sulaiman of Selangor","qid":"Q7335978","title":"Sultan","office":null,"quote":"Sulaiman, Sultan (1896–1937)"}]},{"state":"Negeri Sembilan","region":"Asia","country":"Malaysia","wikipedia":"Negeri Sembilan","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Muhammad","person":"Muhammad of Negeri Sembilan","qid":"Q6932902","title":"Yamtuan","office":null,"quote":"Muhammad, Yamtuan (1888–1933)"}]},{"state":"Siam/Thailand: Rattanakosin Kingdom","region":"Asia","country":"Thailand","wikipedia":"Thailand","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Vajiravudh","person":"Vajiravudh","qid":"Q161389","title":"King","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Vajiravudh, King (1910–1925)"}]},{"state":"Nguyễn dynasty","region":"Asia","country":"Vietnam","wikipedia":"Nguyễn dynasty","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Khải Định","person":"Khải Định","qid":"Q468758","title":"Emperor","office":null,"quote":"Khải Định, Emperor (1916–1925)"}]},{"state":"Hakims of Bahrain","region":"Asia","country":"Bahrain","wikipedia":"History of Bahrain (1783–1971)","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Isa ibn Ali Al Khalifa","person":"Isa ibn Ali Al Khalifa","qid":"Q343110","title":"Hakim","office":null,"quote":"Isa ibn Ali Al Khalifa, Hakim (1869–1923)"}]},{"state":"Sublime State of Persia: Qajar dynasty","region":"Asia","country":"Iran","wikipedia":"Qajar Iran","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Ahmad Shah Qajar","person":"Ahmad Shah Qajar","qid":"Q317799","title":"Shah","office":"Shahs","quote":"Ahmad Shah Qajar, Shah (1909–1925)"}]},{"state":"Mandatory Iraq: Kingdom of Iraq under British Administration","region":"Asia","country":"Iraq","wikipedia":"Mandatory Iraq","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Faisal I","person":"Faisal I of Iraq","qid":"Q212486","title":"King","office":"Kings","quote":"Faisal I, King (1921–1933)"},{"name":"Abd Al-Rahman Al-Gillani","person":"Abd Al-Rahman Al-Gillani","qid":"Q2464750","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Abd Al-Rahman Al-Gillani, Prime minister (1920–1922)"}]},{"state":"Emirate of Transjordan","region":"Asia","country":"Jordan","wikipedia":"Emirate of Transjordan","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Rashid Tali’a","person":"Rashid Tali’a","qid":"Q282467","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Rashid Tali’a, Prime minister (1921)"}]},{"state":"Sheikhdom of Kuwait","region":"Asia","country":"Kuwait","wikipedia":"Sheikhdom of Kuwait","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Salim I","person":"Salim Al-Mubarak Al-Sabah","qid":"Q2364766","title":"Sheikh","office":null,"quote":"Salim I, Sheikh (1917–1921)"},{"name":"Ahmad I","person":"Ahmad I Al-Jaber Al-Sabah","qid":"Q400907","title":"Sheikh","office":null,"quote":"Ahmad I, Sheikh (1921–1950)"}]},{"state":"Sultanate/ State of Muscat and Oman","region":"Asia","country":"Oman","wikipedia":"Muscat and Oman","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Taimur","person":"Taimur bin Feisal","qid":"Q888278","title":"Sultan","office":null,"quote":"Taimur, Sultan (1913–1932)"}]},{"state":"Qatar","region":"Asia","country":"Qatar","wikipedia":"Qatar","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani","person":"Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani","qid":"Q4116065","title":"Emir","office":null,"quote":"Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani, Emir (1913–1949)"}]},{"state":"Kingdom of Hejaz","region":"Asia","country":"Saudi Arabia","wikipedia":"Kingdom of Hejaz","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Hussein bin Ali","person":"Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca","qid":"Q128906","title":"King","office":null,"quote":"Hussein bin Ali, King (1916–1924)"}]},{"state":"Saudi Arabia","region":"Asia","country":"Saudi Arabia","wikipedia":"Saudi Arabia","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Ibn Saud","person":"Ibn Saud","qid":"Q151509","title":"Emir","office":null,"quote":"Ibn Saud, Emir (1902–1921), Sultan (1921–1927), King (1926–1953)"}]},{"state":"Ottoman (Turkish) Empire","region":"Asia","country":"Turkey","wikipedia":"Ottoman Empire","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Mehmed VI","person":"Mehmed VI","qid":"Q162543","title":"Sultan","office":"Sultans","quote":"Mehmed VI, Sultan (1918–1922)"},{"name":"Ahmet Tevfik Pasha","person":"Ahmet Tevfik Pasha","qid":"Q276098","title":"Grand Vizier","office":"Grand Viziers","quote":"Ahmet Tevfik Pasha, Grand Vizier (1920–1922)"}]},{"state":"Ankara Government of Turkey (1920–1923)","region":"Asia","country":"Turkey","wikipedia":"Government of the Grand National Assembly","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Mustafa Kemal Atatürk","person":"Mustafa Kemal Atatürk","qid":"Q5152","title":"Prime minister","office":null,"quote":"Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Prime minister (1920–1921)"},{"name":"Fevzi Çakmak","person":"Fevzi Çakmak","qid":"Q328331","title":"Prime minister","office":null,"quote":"Fevzi Çakmak, Prime minister (1921–1922)"}]},{"state":"Emirate of Abu Dhabi","region":"Asia","country":"Turkey","wikipedia":"Emirate of Abu Dhabi","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Hamdan bin Zayed Al Nahyan","person":"Hamdan bin Zayed bin Khalifa Al Nahyan","qid":"Q60786126","title":"ruler","office":null,"quote":"Hamdan bin Zayed Al Nahyan, ruler (1912–1922)"}]},{"state":"Emirate of Dubai","region":"Asia","country":"Turkey","wikipedia":"Emirate of Dubai","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Saeed bin Maktoum bin Hasher Al Maktoum","person":"Saeed bin Maktoum bin Hasher Al Maktoum","qid":"Q713801","title":"ruler","office":null,"quote":"Saeed bin Maktoum bin Hasher Al Maktoum, ruler (1912–1958)"}]},{"state":"Emirate of Ajman","region":"Asia","country":"Turkey","wikipedia":"Emirate of Ajman","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Humaid bin Abdulaziz Al Nuaimi","person":"Humaid bin Abdulaziz Al Nuaimi","qid":"Q57729213","title":"ruler","office":null,"quote":"Humaid bin Abdulaziz Al Nuaimi, ruler (1910–1928)"}]},{"state":"Umm Al Quwain","region":"Asia","country":"Turkey","wikipedia":"Umm Al Quwain","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Rashid bin Ahmad Al Mualla","person":"Rashid bin Ahmad Al Mualla","qid":"Q57584838","title":"ruler","office":null,"quote":"Rashid bin Ahmad Al Mualla, ruler (1904–1922)"}]},{"state":"Emirate of Fujairah","region":"Asia","country":"Turkey","wikipedia":"Emirate of Fujairah","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Hamad bin Abdullah Al Sharqi","person":"Hamad bin Abdullah Al Sharqi","qid":"Q60785964","title":"ruler","office":null,"quote":"Hamad bin Abdullah Al Sharqi, ruler (1879–1936)"}]},{"state":"Emirate of Ras Al Khaimah","region":"Asia","country":"Turkey","wikipedia":"Emirate of Ras Al Khaimah","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Khalid bin Ahmad Al Qasimi","person":"Khalid bin Ahmad Al Qasimi","qid":"Q57164122","title":"ruler","office":null,"quote":"Khalid bin Ahmad Al Qasimi, ruler (1914–1921)"},{"name":"Sultan bin Salim Al Qasimi","person":"Sultan bin Salim Al Qasimi","qid":"Q60785796","title":"ruler","office":null,"quote":"Sultan bin Salim Al Qasimi, ruler (1921–1948)"}]},{"state":"North Yemen: Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen","region":"Asia","country":"Yemen","wikipedia":"Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Yahya Muhammad Hamid ed-Din","person":"Yahya Muhammad Hamid ed-Din","qid":"Q163945","title":"King","office":"Kings","quote":"Yahya Muhammad Hamid ed-Din, King (1918–1948)"}]},{"state":"Principality of Albania","region":"Europe","country":"Albania","wikipedia":"Principality of Albania","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Wilhelm","person":"Wilhelm, Prince of Albania","qid":"Q57594","title":"Prince in exile","office":"President","quote":"Wilhelm, Prince (1914), Prince in exile (1914–1925)"},{"name":"Iliaz Vrioni","person":"Iliaz Vrioni","qid":"Q731356","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Iliaz Vrioni, Prime minister (1920–1921)"},{"name":"Pandeli Evangjeli","person":"Pandeli Evangjeli","qid":"Q897430","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Pandeli Evangjeli, Prime minister (1921)"},{"name":"Xhafer Bej Ypi","person":"Xhafer Bej Ypi","qid":"Q520071","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Xhafer Bej Ypi, Prime minister (1921–1922)"}]},{"state":"Kingdom of Bulgaria","region":"Europe","country":"Bulgaria","wikipedia":"Kingdom of Bulgaria","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Boris III","person":"Boris III of Bulgaria","qid":"Q159585","title":"Tsar","office":"Tsars","quote":"Boris III, Tsar (1918–1943)"},{"name":"Aleksandar Stamboliyski","person":"Aleksandar Stamboliyski","qid":"Q313535","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Aleksandar Stamboliyski, Prime minister (1919–1923)"}]},{"state":"Kingdom of Greece","region":"Europe","country":"Greece","wikipedia":"Kingdom of Greece","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Constantine I","person":"Constantine I of Greece","qid":"Q152099","title":"King","office":"Monarchy","quote":"Constantine I, King (1920–1922)"},{"name":"Dimitrios Rallis","person":"Dimitrios Rallis","qid":"Q209144","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Dimitrios Rallis, Prime minister (1920–1921)"},{"name":"Nikolaos Kalogeropoulos","person":"Nikolaos Kalogeropoulos","qid":"Q548724","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Nikolaos Kalogeropoulos, Prime minister (1921)"},{"name":"Dimitrios Gounaris","person":"Dimitrios Gounaris","qid":"Q209529","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Dimitrios Gounaris, Prime minister (1921–1922)"}]},{"state":"Kingdom of Serbia / Yugoslavia: Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes / Kingdom of Yugoslavia","region":"Europe","country":"Yugoslavia","wikipedia":"Kingdom of Serbia","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Alexander of Yugoslavia","person":"Alexander I of Yugoslavia","qid":"Q207384","title":"King","office":"Monarchs (Serbia / Yugoslavia)","quote":"Alexander of Yugoslavia, Prince Regent (1918–1921), King (1921–1934)"},{"name":"Milenko Radomar Vesnić","person":"Milenko Radomar Vesnić","qid":"Q1438435","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers: Yugoslavia","quote":"Milenko Radomar Vesnić, Prime minister (1920–1921)"}]},{"state":"Kingdom of Montenegro","region":"Europe","country":"Yugoslavia","wikipedia":"Kingdom of Montenegro","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Jovan Plamenac","person":"Jovan Plamenac","qid":"Q3511706","title":"President in-exile","office":"Presidents of the ministerial council","quote":"Jovan Plamenac, President in-exile (1921–1922)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Estonia","region":"Europe","country":"Estonia","wikipedia":"Estonia","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Ants Piip","person":"Ants Piip","qid":"Q887682","title":"State Elder","office":"Heads of state","quote":"Ants Piip, State Elder (1920–1921)"},{"name":"Konstantin Päts","person":"Konstantin Päts","qid":"Q299114","title":"State Elder","office":"Heads of state","quote":"Konstantin Päts, State Elder (1921–1922)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Latvia","region":"Europe","country":"Latvia","wikipedia":"Latvia","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Kārlis Ulmanis","person":"Kārlis Ulmanis","qid":"Q298041","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Kārlis Ulmanis, Prime minister (1918–1921)"},{"name":"Zigfrīds Anna Meierovics","person":"Zigfrīds Anna Meierovics","qid":"Q199410","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Zigfrīds Anna Meierovics, Prime minister (1921–1923)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Lithuania","region":"Europe","country":"Lithuania","wikipedia":"Lithuania","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Aleksandras Stulginskis","person":"Aleksandras Stulginskis","qid":"Q380985","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Aleksandras Stulginskis, President (1920–1926)"},{"name":"Kazys Grinius","person":"Kazys Grinius","qid":"Q356670","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Kazys Grinius, Prime minister (1920–1922)"}]},{"state":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","region":"Europe","country":"United Kingdom","wikipedia":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","key":"United Kingdom","holders":[{"name":"George V","person":"George V","qid":"Q269412","title":"King","office":"Monarchs","quote":"George V, King (1910–1936)"},{"name":"David Lloyd George","person":"David Lloyd George","qid":"Q134982","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"David Lloyd George, Prime minister (1916–1922)"}]},{"state":"First Austrian Republic/ Federal State of Austria","region":"Europe","country":"Austria","wikipedia":"First Austrian Republic","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Michael Hainisch","person":"Michael Hainisch","qid":"Q84475","title":"President","office":"Federal Presidents","quote":"Michael Hainisch, President (1920–1928)"},{"name":"Michael Mayr","person":"Michael Mayr","qid":"Q11732","title":"Chancellor","office":"Chancellors","quote":"Michael Mayr, Chancellor (1920–1921)"},{"name":"Johann Schober","person":"Johann Schober","qid":"Q78557","title":"Chancellor","office":"Chancellors","quote":"Johann Schober, Chancellor (1921–1922)"}]},{"state":"Czechoslovakia: First Republic","region":"Europe","country":"Czechoslovakia","wikipedia":"Czechoslovakia","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk","person":"Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk","qid":"Q78492","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk, President (1918–1935)"},{"name":"Jan Černý","person":"Jan Černý","qid":"Q1682464","title":"Prime Minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Jan Černý, Prime Minister (1920–1921)"},{"name":"Edvard Beneš","person":"Edvard Beneš","qid":"Q152274","title":"Prime Minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Edvard Beneš, Prime Minister (1921–1922)"}]},{"state":"Weimar Republic of Germany","region":"Europe","country":"Germany","wikipedia":"Weimar Republic","key":"Germany","holders":[{"name":"Friedrich Ebert","person":"Friedrich Ebert","qid":"Q2646","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Friedrich Ebert, President (1919–1925)"},{"name":"Constantin Fehrenbach","person":"Constantin Fehrenbach","qid":"Q77156","title":"Chancellor","office":"Chancellors","quote":"Constantin Fehrenbach, Chancellor (1920–1921)"},{"name":"Joseph Wirth","person":"Joseph Wirth","qid":"Q60150","title":"Chancellor","office":"Chancellors","quote":"Joseph Wirth, Chancellor (1921–1922)"}]},{"state":"Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946)","region":"Europe","country":"Hungary","wikipedia":"Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946)","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Miklós Horthy","person":"Miklós Horthy","qid":"Q117144","title":"Regent","office":"Regents","quote":"Miklós Horthy, Regent (1920–1944)"},{"name":"Pál Teleki","person":"Pál Teleki","qid":"Q177610","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Pál Teleki, Prime minister (1920–1921)"},{"name":"István Bethlen","person":"István Bethlen","qid":"Q529130","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"István Bethlen, Prime minister (1921–1931)"}]},{"state":"Liechtenstein","region":"Europe","country":"Liechtenstein","wikipedia":"Liechtenstein","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Johann II","person":"Johann II, Prince of Liechtenstein","qid":"Q317016","title":"Prince","office":"Sovereign Princes","quote":"Johann II, Prince (1858–1929)"},{"name":"Josef Peer","person":"Josef Peer","qid":"Q1705435","title":"Governor","office":"Heads of government","quote":"Josef Peer, Governor (1920–1921)"},{"name":"Josef Ospelt","person":"Josef Ospelt","qid":"Q345148","title":"Governor","office":"Heads of government","quote":"Josef Ospelt, Governor (1921), Prime Minister (1922)"}]},{"state":"Second Polish Republic","region":"Europe","country":"Poland","wikipedia":"Second Polish Republic","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Józef Piłsudski","person":"Józef Piłsudski","qid":"Q885","title":"Chief of State","office":"Presidents","quote":"Józef Piłsudski, Chief of State (1918–1922)"},{"name":"Wincenty Witos","person":"Wincenty Witos","qid":"Q540177","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Wincenty Witos, Prime minister (1920–1921)"},{"name":"Antoni Ponikowski","person":"Antoni Ponikowski","qid":"Q597958","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Antoni Ponikowski, Prime minister (1921–1922)"}]},{"state":"Switzerland","region":"Europe","country":"Switzerland","wikipedia":"Switzerland","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Edmund Schulthess","person":"Edmund Schulthess","qid":"Q118243","title":"President of the Confederation","office":null,"quote":"Edmund Schulthess, President of the Confederation (1921)"}]},{"state":"Kingdom of Romania","region":"Europe","country":"Romania","wikipedia":"Kingdom of Romania","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Ferdinand I","person":"Ferdinand I of Romania","qid":"Q57165","title":"King","office":"Kings","quote":"Ferdinand I, King (1914–1927)"},{"name":"Alexandru Averescu","person":"Alexandru Averescu","qid":"Q58285","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Alexandru Averescu, Prime minister (1920–1921)"}]},{"state":"Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Sovereign state (1917–1922)","region":"Europe","country":"Russia","wikipedia":"Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic","key":"Russia","holders":[{"name":"Vladimir Lenin","person":"Vladimir Lenin","qid":"Q1394","title":"Premier","office":"Premiers","quote":"Vladimir Lenin, Premier (1917–1924)"}]},{"state":"Kingdom of Denmark","region":"Europe","country":"Denmark","wikipedia":"Denmark","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Christian X","person":"Christian X of Denmark","qid":"Q156617","title":"King","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Christian X, King (1912–1947)"},{"name":"Niels Neergaard","person":"Niels Neergaard","qid":"Q1375094","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Niels Neergaard, Prime minister (1920–1924)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Finland","region":"Europe","country":"Finland","wikipedia":"Finland","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg","person":"Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg","qid":"Q214029","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg, President (1919–1925)"},{"name":"Rafael Erich","person":"Rafael Erich","qid":"Q959002","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Rafael Erich, Prime minister (1920–1921)"},{"name":"Juho Vennola","person":"Juho Vennola","qid":"Q471237","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Juho Vennola, Prime minister (1921–1922)"}]},{"state":"Kingdom of Iceland","region":"Europe","country":"Iceland","wikipedia":"Kingdom of Iceland","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Christian X","person":"Christian X of Denmark","qid":"Q156617","title":"King","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Christian X, King (1918–1944)"},{"name":"Jón Magnússon","person":"Jón Magnússon (politician)","qid":"Q1364602","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Jón Magnússon, Prime minister (1917–1922)"}]},{"state":"Kingdom of Norway","region":"Europe","country":"Norway","wikipedia":"Norway","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Haakon VII","person":"Haakon VII of Norway","qid":"Q154927","title":"King","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Haakon VII, King (1905–1957)"},{"name":"Otto Bahr Halvorsen","person":"Otto Bahr Halvorsen","qid":"Q742596","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Otto Bahr Halvorsen, Prime minister (1920–1921)"},{"name":"Otto Blehr","person":"Otto Blehr","qid":"Q560571","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Otto Blehr, Prime minister (1921–1923)"}]},{"state":"Kingdom of Sweden","region":"Europe","country":"Sweden","wikipedia":"Sweden","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Gustaf V","person":"Gustaf V of Sweden","qid":"Q52890","title":"King","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Gustaf V, King (1907–1950)"},{"name":"Gerhard Louis De Geer","person":"Gerhard Louis De Geer","qid":"Q53626","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Gerhard Louis De Geer, Prime minister (1920–1921)"},{"name":"Oscar von Sydow","person":"Oscar von Sydow","qid":"Q53628","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Oscar von Sydow, Prime minister (1921)"},{"name":"Hjalmar Branting","person":"Hjalmar Branting","qid":"Q53620","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Hjalmar Branting, Prime minister (1921–1923)"}]},{"state":"Kingdom of Italy","region":"Europe","country":"Italy","wikipedia":"Kingdom of Italy","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Victor Emmanuel III","person":"Victor Emmanuel III of Italy","qid":"Q150642","title":"King","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Victor Emmanuel III, King (1900–1946)"},{"name":"Giovanni Giolitti","person":"Giovanni Giolitti","qid":"Q297190","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Giovanni Giolitti, Prime minister (1920–1921)"},{"name":"Ivanoe Bonomi","person":"Ivanoe Bonomi","qid":"Q313717","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Ivanoe Bonomi, Prime minister (1921–1922)"}]},{"state":"Fascist Italy (1922–1943)","region":"Europe","country":"Italy","wikipedia":"Fascist Italy (1922–1943)","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Victor Emmanuel III","person":"Victor Emmanuel III","qid":"Q150642","title":"King","office":"King","quote":"Victor Emmanuel III, King (1900–1946)"}]},{"state":"Andorra","region":"Europe","country":"Andorra","wikipedia":"Andorra","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Justí Guitart i Vilardebó","person":"Justí Guitart i Vilardebó","qid":"Q2402274","title":"Episcopal Co-Prince","office":"Episcopal Co-Princes","quote":"Justí Guitart i Vilardebó, Episcopal Co-Prince (1920–1940)"},{"name":"Alexandre Millerand","person":"Alexandre Millerand","qid":"Q274540","title":"French Co-Prince","office":"French Co-Princes","quote":"Alexandre Millerand, French Co-Prince (1920–1924)"}]},{"state":"First Portuguese Republic","region":"Europe","country":"Portugal","wikipedia":"First Portuguese Republic","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"António José de Almeida","person":"António José de Almeida","qid":"Q551542","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"António José de Almeida, President (1919–1923)"}]},{"state":"Bourbon Restoration of Spain","region":"Europe","country":"Spain","wikipedia":"Restoration (Spain)","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Alfonso XIII","person":"Alfonso XIII of Spain","qid":"Q18363","title":"King","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Alfonso XIII, King (1886–1931)"},{"name":"Eduardo Dato","person":"Eduardo Dato","qid":"Q365162","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Eduardo Dato, Prime minister (1920–1921)"},{"name":"Manuel Allendesalazar y Muñoz de Salazar","person":"Manuel Allendesalazar y Muñoz de Salazar","qid":"Q542706","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Manuel Allendesalazar y Muñoz de Salazar, Prime minister (1921)"},{"name":"Antonio Maura","person":"Antonio Maura","qid":"Q562489","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Antonio Maura, Prime minister (1921–1922)"},{"name":"Gabino Bugallal Araújo","person":"Gabino Bugallal Araújo","qid":"Q735252","title":"Acting Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Gabino Bugallal Araújo, Acting Prime minister (1921)"}]},{"state":"Belgium","region":"Europe","country":"Belgium","wikipedia":"Belgium","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Albert I","person":"Albert I of Belgium","qid":"Q55008046","title":"King","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Albert I, King (1909–1934)"},{"name":"Henri Carton de Wiart","person":"Henri Carton de Wiart","qid":"Q14990","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Henri Carton de Wiart, Prime minister (1920–1921)"},{"name":"Georges Theunis","person":"Georges Theunis","qid":"Q14991","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Georges Theunis, Prime minister (1921–1925)"}]},{"state":"French Third Republic","region":"Europe","country":"France","wikipedia":"French Third Republic","key":"France","holders":[{"name":"Alexandre Millerand","person":"Alexandre Millerand","qid":"Q274540","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Alexandre Millerand, President (1920–1924)"},{"name":"Georges Leygues","person":"Georges Leygues","qid":"Q728806","title":"President of the Council of ministers","office":"President of the Council of ministers","quote":"Georges Leygues, President of the Council of ministers (1920–1921)"},{"name":"Aristide Briand","person":"Aristide Briand","qid":"Q179888","title":"President of the Council of ministers","office":"President of the Council of ministers","quote":"Aristide Briand, President of the Council of ministers (1921–1922)"}]},{"state":"Grand Duchy of Luxembourg","region":"Europe","country":"Luxembourg","wikipedia":"Luxembourg","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Charlotte","person":"Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg","qid":"Q155608","title":"Grand Duchess","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Charlotte, Grand Duchess (1919–1964)"},{"name":"Émile Reuter","person":"Émile Reuter","qid":"Q286417","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Émile Reuter, Prime minister (1918–1925)"}]},{"state":"Monaco","region":"Europe","country":"Monaco","wikipedia":"Monaco","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Albert I","person":"Albert I, Prince of Monaco","qid":"Q159646","title":"Prince","office":"Sovereign Prince","quote":"Albert I, Prince (1889–1922)"},{"name":"Raymond Le Bourdon","person":"Raymond Le Bourdon","qid":"Q7298954","title":"Minister of state","office":"Minister of State","quote":"Raymond Le Bourdon, Minister of state (1919–1923)"}]},{"state":"Netherlands","region":"Europe","country":"Netherlands","wikipedia":"Netherlands","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Wilhelmina","person":"Wilhelmina of the Netherlands","qid":"Q150747","title":"Queen","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Wilhelmina, Queen (1890–1948)"},{"name":"Charles Ruijs de Beerenbrouck","person":"Charles Ruijs de Beerenbrouck","qid":"Q983186","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers of the Netherlands","quote":"Charles Ruijs de Beerenbrouck, Prime minister (1918–1925)"}]},{"state":"Democratic Republic of Georgia","region":"Europe","country":"Georgia","wikipedia":"Democratic Republic of Georgia","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Noe Zhordania","person":"Noe Zhordania","qid":"Q379627","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Noe Zhordania, Prime minister (1918–1921)"}]},{"state":"Australia","region":"Oceania","country":"Australia","wikipedia":"Australia","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"George V","person":"George V","qid":"Q269412","title":"King","office":"Monarchs","quote":"George V, King (1910–1936)"},{"name":"Billy Hughes","person":"Billy Hughes","qid":"Q152666","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Billy Hughes, Prime minister (1916–1923)"}]},{"state":"Kings of Uvea (Wallis)","region":"Oceania","country":"French Polynesia","wikipedia":"List of kings of Uvea","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Vitolo Kulihaapai","person":"Vitolo Kulihaapai","qid":"Q7937187","title":"King","office":null,"quote":"Vitolo Kulihaapai, King (1918–1924)"}]},{"state":"Dominion of New Zealand","region":"Oceania","country":"New Zealand","wikipedia":"Dominion of New Zealand","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"George V","person":"George V","qid":"Q269412","title":"King","office":"Monarchs","quote":"George V, King (1910–1936)"},{"name":"William Massey","person":"William Massey","qid":"Q923806","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"William Massey, Prime minister (1912–1925)"}]},{"state":"Kingdom of Tonga (1900–70)","region":"Oceania","country":"Tonga","wikipedia":"Kingdom of Tonga (1900–70)","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Sālote Tupou III","person":"Sālote Tupou III","qid":"Q541570","title":"King","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Sālote Tupou III, King (1918–1965)"}]}],"source":{"name":"Wikipedia","title":"List of state leaders in the 20th century (1901–1950)","revid":1377869146,"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1377869146","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","retrieved":"2026-10-22"},"checked":"Each holder is quoted from the list and kept for this year only where the person's own Wikidata record holds the same post over the same term, to within a year."},"births":[{"text":"October 18 – Jesse Helms, U.S. Senator from North Carolina (died 2008)","person":"Jesse Helms","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364147611#Births","title":"1921 in the United States","revid":1364147611}},{"text":"8 February – Hans Albert, German philosopher (died 2023)","person":"8 February","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359311357#Births","title":"1921 in Germany","revid":1359311357}},{"text":"July 18 – John Glenn, American astronaut, U.S. senator (d. 2016)","person":"John Glenn","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371086035#Births","title":"1921","revid":1371086035}},{"text":"June 10 – Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, Greek-born member of the British royal family as consort of Queen Elizabeth II (d. 2021)","person":"Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371086035#Births","title":"1921","revid":1371086035}},{"text":"June 8 – Suharto, President of Indonesia (d. 2008)","person":"Suharto","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371086035#Births","title":"1921","revid":1371086035}},{"text":"December 29 – Ronald Ernest Aitchison, Scottish footballer (d. 1996)","person":"December 29","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371086035#Births","title":"1921","revid":1371086035}},{"text":"January 17 – Asghar Khan, Pakistani politician, first native Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Air Force, the world's youngest Air Vice Marshal at 36 and Air Marshal at 37 years old (d. 2018)","person":"Asghar Khan","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371086035#Births","title":"1921","revid":1371086035}},{"text":"July 6 – Nancy Reagan, American actress, First Lady of the United States (d. 2016)","person":"Nancy Reagan","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371086035#Births","title":"1921","revid":1371086035}},{"text":"September 29 – Grigory Svirsky, Russian-Canadian writer (d. 2016)","person":"September 29","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371086035#Births","title":"1921","revid":1371086035}},{"text":"January 6 - Marianne Grunberg-Manago (1921-2013), Russian-born French biochemist (d. 2013)","person":"January 6","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371086035#Births","title":"1921","revid":1371086035}},{"text":"March 9 – Evelyn M. Witkin, American geneticist (d. 2023)","person":"March 9","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371086035#Births","title":"1921","revid":1371086035}},{"text":"November 22 – Rodney Dangerfield, American actor and comedian (d. 2004)","person":"November 22","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371086035#Births","title":"1921","revid":1371086035}},{"text":"January 4 – Pedro Richter Prada, 115th Prime Minister of Peru (d. 2017)","person":"January 4","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371086035#Births","title":"1921","revid":1371086035}},{"text":"October 22 – Georges Brassens, French singer-songwriter (d. 1981)","person":"October 22","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371086035#Births","title":"1921","revid":1371086035}},{"text":"March 14 – Lis Hartel, Danish equestrian (d. 2009)","person":"March 14","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371086035#Births","title":"1921","revid":1371086035}}]}