{"year":1986,"population":{"value":4958072839,"source":{"name":"Population (HYDE 3.3; Gapminder; UN World Population Prospects)","publisher":"Our World in Data","url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/population","license":"CC BY 4.0"}},"prices":{"cpi":109.6083,"cpi_now":336.94,"cpi_now_date":"2026-09-01","dollar_today":3.074,"cpi_source":{"series":"CPIAUCNS","name":"Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items in U.S. City Average","publisher":"U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics","url":"https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CPIAUCNS","license":"Public domain (U.S. government work)"},"items":[{"id":"gas","label":"Gallon of regular gasoline","unit":"gallon","then":0.9274,"then_in_today_dollars":2.8509,"now":4.482,"now_date":"2026-09-01","source":{"series":"APU000074714","name":"Average Price: Gasoline, Unleaded Regular (Cost per Gallon/3.785 Liters)","publisher":"U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics","url":"https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/APU000074714","license":"Public domain (U.S. government work)"}},{"id":"eggs","label":"Dozen large eggs","unit":"dozen","then":0.8696,"then_in_today_dollars":2.6732,"now":2.272,"now_date":"2026-09-01","source":{"series":"APU0000708111","name":"Average Price: Eggs, Grade A, Large (Cost per Dozen)","publisher":"U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics","url":"https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/APU0000708111","license":"Public domain (U.S. government work)"}},{"id":"bread","label":"Pound of white bread","unit":"pound","then":0.5647,"then_in_today_dollars":1.7359,"now":1.83,"now_date":"2026-09-01","source":{"series":"APU0000702111","name":"Average Price: Bread, White, Pan (Cost per Pound/453.6 Grams)","publisher":"U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics","url":"https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/APU0000702111","license":"Public domain (U.S. government work)"}},{"id":"beef","label":"Pound of ground beef","unit":"pound","then":1.232,"then_in_today_dollars":3.7872,"now":6.792,"now_date":"2026-09-01","source":{"series":"APU0000703112","name":"Average Price: Ground Beef, 100% Beef (Cost per Pound/453.6 Grams)","publisher":"U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics","url":"https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/APU0000703112","license":"Public domain (U.S. government work)"}},{"id":"coffee","label":"Pound of ground coffee","unit":"pound","then":3.4328,"then_in_today_dollars":10.5526,"now":9.332,"now_date":"2026-09-01","source":{"series":"APU0000717311","name":"Average Price: Coffee, 100%, Ground Roast, All Sizes (Cost per Pound/453.6 Grams)","publisher":"U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics","url":"https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/APU0000717311","license":"Public domain (U.S. government work)"}},{"id":"bananas","label":"Pound of bananas","unit":"pound","then":0.3848,"then_in_today_dollars":1.1829,"now":0.656,"now_date":"2026-09-01","source":{"series":"APU0000711211","name":"Average Price: Bananas (Cost per Pound/453.6 Grams)","publisher":"U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics","url":"https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/APU0000711211","license":"Public domain (U.S. government work)"}},{"id":"electricity","label":"Kilowatt-hour of electricity","unit":"kWh","then":0.0766,"then_in_today_dollars":0.2355,"now":0.196,"now_date":"2026-09-01","source":{"series":"APU000072610","name":"Average Price: Electricity per Kilowatt-Hour","publisher":"U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics","url":"https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/APU000072610","license":"Public domain (U.S. government work)"}},{"id":"house","label":"Median price of a new house sold","unit":"house","then":92025.0,"then_in_today_dollars":282888.2804,"now":410700.0,"now_date":"2026-04-01","source":{"series":"MSPUS","name":"Median Sales Price of Houses Sold for the United States","publisher":"U.S. Census Bureau and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development","url":"https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/MSPUS","license":"Public domain (U.S. government work)"}},{"id":"income","label":"Median household income","unit":"year","then":24900.0,"then_in_today_dollars":76543.5282,"now":87460.0,"now_date":"2025-01-01","source":{"series":"MEHOINUSA646N","name":"Median Household Income in the United States (current dollars)","publisher":"U.S. Census Bureau","url":"https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/MEHOINUSA646N","license":"Public domain (U.S. government work)"}},{"id":"minwage","label":"Federal minimum wage","unit":"hour","then":3.35,"then_in_today_dollars":10.298,"now":7.25,"now_date":"2026-01-01","source":{"series":"STTMINWGFG","name":"Federal Minimum Hourly Wage for Nonfarm Workers for the United States","publisher":"U.S. Department of Labor","url":"https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/STTMINWGFG","license":"Public domain (U.S. government work)"}}]},"leaders":{"states":[{"state":"People's Republic of Angola","region":"Africa","country":"Angola","wikipedia":"People's Republic of Angola","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"José Eduardo dos Santos","person":"José Eduardo dos Santos","qid":"Q57313","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"José Eduardo dos Santos, President (1979–2017)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Cameroon","region":"Africa","country":"Cameroon","wikipedia":"Cameroon","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Paul Biya","person":"Paul Biya","qid":"Q57272","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Paul Biya, President (1982–present)"}]},{"state":"Central African Republic","region":"Africa","country":"Central African Republic","wikipedia":"Central African Republic","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"André Kolingba","person":"André Kolingba","qid":"Q310883","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"André Kolingba, President (1981–1993)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Chad","region":"Africa","country":"Chad","wikipedia":"Chad","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Hissène Habré","person":"Hissène Habré","qid":"Q310886","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Hissène Habré, President (1982–1990)"}]},{"state":"Zaire","region":"Africa","country":"Congo, Democratic Republic of the","wikipedia":"Zaire","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Mobutu Sese Seko","person":"Mobutu Sese Seko","qid":"Q164535","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Mobutu Sese Seko, President (1971–1997)"},{"name":"Léon Kengo","person":"Léon Kengo","qid":"Q747918","title":"First state commissioner","office":"Heads of government","quote":"Léon Kengo, First state commissioner (1982–1986)"}]},{"state":"People's Republic of the Congo","region":"Africa","country":"Congo","wikipedia":"People's Republic of the Congo","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Ange Édouard Poungui","person":"Ange Édouard Poungui","qid":"Q2849324","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Ange Édouard Poungui, Prime minister (1984–1989)"}]},{"state":"Equatorial Guinea","region":"Africa","country":"Equatorial Guinea","wikipedia":"Equatorial Guinea","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo","person":"Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo","qid":"Q57385","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, President (1979–present)"},{"name":"Cristino Seriche Bioko","person":"Cristino Seriche Bioko","qid":"Q708995","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Cristino Seriche Bioko, Prime minister (1982–1992)"}]},{"state":"Gabon","region":"Africa","country":"Gabon","wikipedia":"Gabon","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Omar Bongo","person":"Omar Bongo","qid":"Q172083","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Omar Bongo, President (1967–2009)"},{"name":"Léon Mébiame","person":"Léon Mébiame","qid":"Q1371465","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Léon Mébiame, Prime minister (1975–1990)"}]},{"state":"Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe","region":"Africa","country":"São Tomé and Príncipe","wikipedia":"São Tomé and Príncipe","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Manuel Pinto da Costa","person":"Manuel Pinto da Costa","qid":"Q295049","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Manuel Pinto da Costa, President (1975–1991)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Burundi","region":"Africa","country":"Burundi","wikipedia":"Burundi","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Jean-Baptiste Bagaza","person":"Jean-Baptiste Bagaza","qid":"Q377765","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Jean-Baptiste Bagaza, President (1976–1987)"}]},{"state":"Federal Islamic Republic of the Comoros","region":"Africa","country":"Comoros","wikipedia":"Federal Islamic Republic of the Comoros","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Ahmed Abdallah","person":"Ahmed Abdallah","qid":"Q401076","title":"President","office":"Heads of state","quote":"Ahmed Abdallah, Co-Chairman of the Directorate (1978), President (1978–1989)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Djibouti","region":"Africa","country":"Djibouti","wikipedia":"Djibouti","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Hassan Gouled Aptidon","person":"Hassan Gouled Aptidon","qid":"Q297667","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Hassan Gouled Aptidon, President (1977–1999)"},{"name":"Barkat Gourad Hamadou","person":"Barkat Gourad Hamadou","qid":"Q727071","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Barkat Gourad Hamadou, Prime minister (1978–2001)"}]},{"state":"Derg: Provisional Military Government of Socialist Ethiopia","region":"Africa","country":"Ethiopia","wikipedia":"Derg","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Mengistu Haile Mariam","person":"Mengistu Haile Mariam","qid":"Q192512","title":"Chairmen","office":null,"quote":"Mengistu Haile Mariam, Chairmen (1977–1987)"}]},{"state":"Kenya","region":"Africa","country":"Kenya","wikipedia":"Kenya","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Daniel arap Moi","person":"Daniel arap Moi","qid":"Q193492","title":"President","office":"Heads of state","quote":"Daniel arap Moi, President (1978–2002)"}]},{"state":"Democratic Republic of Madagascar","region":"Africa","country":"Madagascar","wikipedia":"Democratic Republic of Madagascar","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Didier Ratsiraka","person":"Didier Ratsiraka","qid":"Q315953","title":"President of Supreme Revolutionary Council","office":"Presidents","quote":"Didier Ratsiraka, President of Supreme Revolutionary Council (1975–1993)"}]},{"state":"Mauritius (Commonwealth realm)","region":"Africa","country":"Mauritius","wikipedia":"Mauritius (1968–1992)","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Elizabeth II","person":"Elizabeth II","qid":"Q9682","title":"Queen","office":"Queen","quote":"Elizabeth II, Queen (1968–1992)"},{"name":"Anerood Jugnauth","person":"Anerood Jugnauth","qid":"Q217566","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Anerood Jugnauth, Prime minister (1982–1992)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Rwanda","region":"Africa","country":"Rwanda","wikipedia":"Rwanda","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Juvénal Habyarimana","person":"Juvénal Habyarimana","qid":"Q272580","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Juvénal Habyarimana, President (1973–1994)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Seychelles","region":"Africa","country":"Seychelles","wikipedia":"Seychelles","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"France-Albert René","person":"France-Albert René","qid":"Q224986","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"France-Albert René, President (1977–2004)"}]},{"state":"Somali Democratic Republic","region":"Africa","country":"Somalia","wikipedia":"Somali Democratic Republic","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Siad Barre","person":"Siad Barre","qid":"Q209828","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Siad Barre, President (1969–1991)"}]},{"state":"United Republic of Tanzania","region":"Africa","country":"Tanzania","wikipedia":"Tanzania","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Ali Hassan Mwinyi","person":"Ali Hassan Mwinyi","qid":"Q361581","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Ali Hassan Mwinyi, President (1985–1995)"},{"name":"Joseph Warioba","person":"Joseph Warioba","qid":"Q574678","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Joseph Warioba, Prime minister (1985–1990)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Uganda","region":"Africa","country":"Uganda","wikipedia":"Uganda","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Tito Okello","person":"Tito Okello","qid":"Q376073","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Tito Okello, President (1985–1986)"},{"name":"Yoweri Museveni","person":"Yoweri Museveni","qid":"Q57274","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Yoweri Museveni, President (1986–present)"},{"name":"Abraham Waligo","person":"Abraham Waligo","qid":"Q330695","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Abraham Waligo, Prime minister (1985–1986)"}]},{"state":"Libyan Arab Republic / Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya","region":"Africa","country":"Libya","wikipedia":"History of Libya under Muammar Gaddafi","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Muammar Gaddafi","person":"Muammar Gaddafi","qid":"Q19878","title":"Brotherly Leader and Guide of the Revolution","office":"Heads of state and Secretaries-General","quote":"Muammar Gaddafi, Brotherly Leader and Guide of the Revolution (1979–2011)"},{"name":"Jadallah Azzuz at-Talhi","person":"Jadallah Azzuz at-Talhi","qid":"Q711897","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Jadallah Azzuz at-Talhi, Prime minister (1986–1987)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Tunisia","region":"Africa","country":"Tunisia","wikipedia":"Tunisia","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Habib Bourguiba","person":"Habib Bourguiba","qid":"Q643348","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Habib Bourguiba, President (1957–1987)"},{"name":"Mohammed Mzali","person":"Mohammed Mzali","qid":"Q377921","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Mohammed Mzali, Prime minister (1980–1986)"},{"name":"Rachid Sfar","person":"Rachid Sfar","qid":"Q653162","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Rachid Sfar, Prime minister (1986–1987)"}]},{"state":"Arab Republic of Egypt","region":"Africa","country":"Egypt","wikipedia":"Egypt","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Hosni Mubarak","person":"Hosni Mubarak","qid":"Q34105","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Hosni Mubarak, President (1981–2011)"},{"name":"Aly Lotfy Mahmoud","person":"Aly Lotfy Mahmoud","qid":"Q1391705","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Aly Lotfy Mahmoud, Prime minister (1985–1986)"},{"name":"Atef Sedky","person":"Atef Sedky","qid":"Q755840","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Atef Sedky, Prime minister (1986–1996)"}]},{"state":"Republic of the Sudan","region":"Africa","country":"Sudan","wikipedia":"Sudan","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Abdel Rahman Swar al-Dahab","person":"Abdel Rahman Swar al-Dahab","qid":"Q307451","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Abdel Rahman Swar al-Dahab, President (1985–1986)"},{"name":"Ahmed al-Mirghani","person":"Ahmed al-Mirghani","qid":"Q400918","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Ahmed al-Mirghani, President (1986–1989)"},{"name":"Sadiq al-Mahdi","person":"Sadiq al-Mahdi","qid":"Q387953","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Sadiq al-Mahdi, Prime minister (1986–1989)"}]},{"state":"People's Democratic Republic of Algeria","region":"Africa","country":"Algeria","wikipedia":"Algeria","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Chadli Bendjedid","person":"Chadli Bendjedid","qid":"Q314688","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Chadli Bendjedid, President (1979–1992)"},{"name":"Abdelhamid Brahimi","person":"Abdelhamid Brahimi","qid":"Q307892","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Abdelhamid Brahimi, Prime minister (1984–1988)"}]},{"state":"Sultanate/ Kingdom of Morocco","region":"Africa","country":"Morocco","wikipedia":"Morocco","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Hassan II","person":"Hassan II of Morocco","qid":"Q69103","title":"King","office":"Alaouite dynasty","quote":"Hassan II, King (1961–1999)"},{"name":"Mohammed Karim Lamrani","person":"Mohammed Karim Lamrani","qid":"Q1392535","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Mohammed Karim Lamrani, Prime minister (1983–1986)"},{"name":"Azzeddine Laraki","person":"Azzeddine Laraki","qid":"Q710964","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Azzeddine Laraki, Prime minister (1986–1992)"}]},{"state":"Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, has limited recognition: Morocco claims Western Sahara","region":"Africa","country":"Morocco","wikipedia":"Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Mohamed Abdelaziz","person":"Mohamed Abdelaziz (Sahrawi politician)","qid":"Q313797","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Mohamed Abdelaziz, President (1976–2016)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Botswana","region":"Africa","country":"Botswana","wikipedia":"Botswana","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Quett Masire","person":"Quett Masire","qid":"Q310574","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Quett Masire, President (1980–1998)"}]},{"state":"Kingdom of Eswatini (Swaziland)","region":"Africa","country":"Eswatini/ Swaziland","wikipedia":"Eswatini","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Mswati III","person":"Mswati III","qid":"Q57340","title":"King","office":"Kings","quote":"Mswati III, King (1986–present)"}]},{"state":"Kingdom of Lesotho","region":"Africa","country":"Lesotho","wikipedia":"Lesotho","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Moshoeshoe II","person":"Moshoeshoe II of Lesotho","qid":"Q544951","title":"King","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Moshoeshoe II, Paramount Chief (1960–1966), King (1966–1990, 1995–1996)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Malawi","region":"Africa","country":"Malawi","wikipedia":"Malawi","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Hastings Banda","person":"Hastings Banda","qid":"Q184945","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Hastings Banda, President (1966–1994)"}]},{"state":"People's Republic of Mozambique","region":"Africa","country":"Mozambique","wikipedia":"People's Republic of Mozambique","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Samora Machel","person":"Samora Machel","qid":"Q219918","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Samora Machel, President (1975–1986)"},{"name":"Joaquim Chissano","person":"Joaquim Chissano","qid":"Q208355","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Joaquim Chissano, President (1986–1990)"},{"name":"Mário da Graça Machungo","person":"Mário da Graça Machungo","qid":"Q1957066","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Mário da Graça Machungo, Prime minister (1986–1990)"}]},{"state":"Republic of South Africa","region":"Africa","country":"South Africa","wikipedia":"South Africa","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"P. W. Botha","person":"P. W. Botha","qid":"Q212286","title":"State President","office":"State presidents","quote":"P. W. Botha, State President (1984–1989)"}]},{"state":"Ciskei","region":"Africa","country":"South Africa","wikipedia":"Ciskei","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Lennox Sebe","person":"Lennox Sebe","qid":"Q735729","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Lennox Sebe, President (1981–1990)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Zambia","region":"Africa","country":"Zambia","wikipedia":"Zambia","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Kenneth Kaunda","person":"Kenneth Kaunda","qid":"Q105480","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Kenneth Kaunda, President (1964–1991)"},{"name":"Kebby Musokotwane","person":"Kebby Musokotwane","qid":"Q716006","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Kebby Musokotwane, Prime minister (1985–1989)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Zimbabwe","region":"Africa","country":"Zimbabwe","wikipedia":"Zimbabwe","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Canaan Banana","person":"Canaan Banana","qid":"Q313711","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Canaan Banana, President (1980–1987)"},{"name":"Robert Mugabe","person":"Robert Mugabe","qid":"Q10707","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Robert Mugabe, Prime minister (1980–1987)"}]},{"state":"People's Republic of Benin","region":"Africa","country":"Benin","wikipedia":"People's Republic of Benin","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Mathieu Kérékou","person":"Mathieu Kérékou","qid":"Q206719","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Mathieu Kérékou, President (1975–1990)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Burkina Faso","region":"Africa","country":"Burkina Faso","wikipedia":"Burkina Faso","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Thomas Sankara","person":"Thomas Sankara","qid":"Q202155","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Thomas Sankara, President (1984–1987)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Cape Verde","region":"Africa","country":"Cape Verde","wikipedia":"Cape Verde","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Aristides Pereira","person":"Aristides Pereira","qid":"Q298609","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Aristides Pereira, President (1975–1991)"},{"name":"Pedro Pires","person":"Pedro Pires","qid":"Q107431","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Pedro Pires, Prime minister (1975–1991)"}]},{"state":"Republic of the Gambia","region":"Africa","country":"Gambia","wikipedia":"The Gambia","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Dawda Jawara","person":"Dawda Jawara","qid":"Q312716","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Dawda Jawara, President (1970–1994)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Ghana","region":"Africa","country":"Ghana","wikipedia":"Ghana","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Jerry Rawlings","person":"Jerry Rawlings","qid":"Q51002","title":"Military Head of State","office":null,"quote":"Jerry Rawlings, Military Head of State (1981–1993), President of the Fourth Republic (1993–2001)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Guinea","region":"Africa","country":"Guinea","wikipedia":"Guinea","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Lansana Conté","person":"Lansana Conté","qid":"Q202582","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Lansana Conté, President (1984–2008)"}]},{"state":"Guinea-Bissau","region":"Africa","country":"Guinea-Bissau","wikipedia":"Guinea-Bissau","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"João Bernardo Vieira","person":"João Bernardo Vieira","qid":"Q106164","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"João Bernardo Vieira, President (1984–1999)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Ivory Coast","region":"Africa","country":"Ivory Coast","wikipedia":"Ivory Coast","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Félix Houphouët-Boigny","person":"Félix Houphouët-Boigny","qid":"Q214407","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Félix Houphouët-Boigny, President (1960–1993)"}]},{"state":"Liberia","region":"Africa","country":"Liberia","wikipedia":"Liberia","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Samuel Doe","person":"Samuel Doe","qid":"Q294618","title":"president","office":null,"quote":"Samuel Doe, Chairman of the People's Redemption Council (1980–1986), president (1986–1990)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Mali","region":"Africa","country":"Mali","wikipedia":"Mali","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Moussa Traoré","person":"Moussa Traoré","qid":"Q313242","title":"President","office":"Heads of state","quote":"Moussa Traoré, Chairman of the Military Committee for National Liberation (1968–1969), Head of State (1969–1979), President (1979–1991)"},{"name":"Mamadou Dembelé","person":"Mamadou Dembelé","qid":"Q3038750","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Mamadou Dembelé, Prime minister (1986–1988)"}]},{"state":"Islamic Republic of Mauritania","region":"Africa","country":"Mauritania","wikipedia":"Mauritania","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya","person":"Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya","qid":"Q313662","title":"Chairman of the Military Committee for National Salvation","office":"Heads of state","quote":"Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya, Chairman of the Military Committee for National Salvation (1984–1992), President (1992–2005)"},{"name":"Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya","person":"Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya","qid":"Q313662","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya, Prime minister (1984–1992)"}]},{"state":"Republic of the Niger","region":"Africa","country":"Niger","wikipedia":"Niger","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Hamid Algabid","person":"Hamid Algabid","qid":"Q331201","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Hamid Algabid, Prime minister (1983–1988)"}]},{"state":"Federal Republic of Nigeria: Fourth Republic","region":"Africa","country":"Nigeria","wikipedia":"Nigeria","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Ibrahim Babangida","person":"Ibrahim Babangida","qid":"Q333415","title":"Military Head of State","office":null,"quote":"Ibrahim Babangida, Military Head of State (1985–1993)"}]},{"state":"Senegambia Confederation","region":"Africa","country":"Senegal","wikipedia":"Senegambia Confederation","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Abdou Diouf","person":"Abdou Diouf","qid":"Q219728","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Abdou Diouf, President (1982–1989)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Sierra Leone","region":"Africa","country":"Sierra Leone","wikipedia":"Sierra Leone","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Joseph Saidu Momoh","person":"Joseph Saidu Momoh","qid":"Q887812","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Joseph Saidu Momoh, President (1985–1992)"}]},{"state":"Togolese Republic","region":"Africa","country":"Togo","wikipedia":"Togo","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Gnassingbé Eyadéma","person":"Gnassingbé Eyadéma","qid":"Q155385","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Gnassingbé Eyadéma, President (1967–2005)"}]},{"state":"Antigua and Barbuda","region":"Americas","country":"Antigua and Barbuda","wikipedia":"Antigua and Barbuda","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Elizabeth II","person":"Elizabeth II","qid":"Q9682","title":"Queen","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Elizabeth II, Queen (1981–2022)"},{"name":"Vere Bird","person":"Vere Bird","qid":"Q561911","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Vere Bird, Prime minister (1981–1994)"}]},{"state":"The Bahamas","region":"Americas","country":"The Bahamas","wikipedia":"Bahamas","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Elizabeth II","person":"Elizabeth II","qid":"Q9682","title":"Queen","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Elizabeth II, Queen (1973–2022)"},{"name":"Lynden Pindling","person":"Lynden Pindling","qid":"Q920953","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Lynden Pindling, Prime minister (1973–1992)"}]},{"state":"Barbados","region":"Americas","country":"Barbados","wikipedia":"Barbados","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Elizabeth II","person":"Elizabeth II","qid":"Q9682","title":"Queen","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Elizabeth II, Queen (1966–2021)"},{"name":"Errol Barrow","person":"Errol Barrow","qid":"Q1361644","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Errol Barrow, Prime minister (1986–1987)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Cuba","region":"Americas","country":"Cuba","wikipedia":"Cuba","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Fidel Castro","person":"Fidel Castro","qid":"Q11256","title":"President of the Council of State","office":"Presidents","quote":"Fidel Castro, President of the Council of State (1976–2008)"},{"name":"Fidel Castro","person":"Fidel Castro","qid":"Q11256","title":"President of the Council of Ministers","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Fidel Castro, Prime minister (1959–1976), President of the Council of Ministers (1976–2008)"}]},{"state":"Dominica","region":"Americas","country":"Dominica","wikipedia":"Dominica","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Eugenia Charles","person":"Eugenia Charles","qid":"Q258685","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Eugenia Charles, Prime minister (1980–1995)"}]},{"state":"Fourth Dominican Republic","region":"Americas","country":"Dominican Republic","wikipedia":"Dominican Republic","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Salvador Jorge Blanco","person":"Salvador Jorge Blanco","qid":"Q562002","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Salvador Jorge Blanco, President (1982–1986)"},{"name":"Joaquín Balaguer","person":"Joaquín Balaguer","qid":"Q147989","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Joaquín Balaguer, President (1986–1996)"}]},{"state":"Grenada","region":"Americas","country":"Grenada","wikipedia":"Grenada","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Elizabeth II","person":"Elizabeth II","qid":"Q9682","title":"Queen","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Elizabeth II, Queen (1974–2022)"},{"name":"Herbert Blaize","person":"Herbert Blaize","qid":"Q1276896","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Herbert Blaize, Prime minister (1984–1989)"}]},{"state":"Duvalier dynasty, Haiti","region":"Americas","country":"Haiti","wikipedia":"Duvalier dynasty","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Jean-Claude Duvalier","person":"Jean-Claude Duvalier","qid":"Q310775","title":"President for Life","office":"Heads of state","quote":"Jean-Claude Duvalier, President for Life (1971–1986)"}]},{"state":"Third Haitian Republic","region":"Americas","country":"Haiti","wikipedia":"Haiti","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Henri Namphy","person":"Henri Namphy","qid":"Q470500","title":"President of the National Council of Government","office":"Heads of state","quote":"Henri Namphy, President of the National Council of Government (1986–1988)"}]},{"state":"Jamaica","region":"Americas","country":"Jamaica","wikipedia":"Jamaica","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Elizabeth II","person":"Elizabeth II","qid":"Q9682","title":"Queen","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Elizabeth II, Queen (1962–2022)"},{"name":"Edward Seaga","person":"Edward Seaga","qid":"Q470950","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Edward Seaga, Prime minister (1980–1989)"}]},{"state":"Saint Kitts and Nevis","region":"Americas","country":"Saint Kitts and Nevis","wikipedia":"Saint Kitts and Nevis","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Elizabeth II","person":"Elizabeth II","qid":"Q9682","title":"Queen","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Elizabeth II, Queen (1983–2022)"},{"name":"Kennedy Simmonds","person":"Kennedy Simmonds","qid":"Q953225","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Kennedy Simmonds, Prime minister (1983–1995)"}]},{"state":"Saint Lucia","region":"Americas","country":"Saint Lucia","wikipedia":"Saint Lucia","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Elizabeth II","person":"Elizabeth II","qid":"Q9682","title":"Queen","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Elizabeth II, Queen (1979–2022)"},{"name":"John Compton","person":"John Compton","qid":"Q716020","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"John Compton, Prime minister (1982–1996)"}]},{"state":"Saint Vincent and the Grenadines","region":"Americas","country":"Saint Vincent and the Grenadines","wikipedia":"Saint Vincent and the Grenadines","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Elizabeth II","person":"Elizabeth II","qid":"Q9682","title":"Queen","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Elizabeth II, Queen (1979–2022)"},{"name":"James Fitz-Allen Mitchell","person":"James Fitz-Allen Mitchell","qid":"Q1281056","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"James Fitz-Allen Mitchell, Prime minister (1984–2000)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Trinidad and Tobago","region":"Americas","country":"Trinidad and Tobago","wikipedia":"Trinidad and Tobago","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Ellis Clarke","person":"Ellis Clarke","qid":"Q1332443","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Ellis Clarke, President (1976–1987)"},{"name":"A. N. R. Robinson","person":"A. N. R. Robinson","qid":"Q634551","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"A. N. R. Robinson, Prime minister (1986–1991)"}]},{"state":"Belize","region":"Americas","country":"Belize","wikipedia":"Belize","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Elizabeth II","person":"Elizabeth II","qid":"Q9682","title":"Queen","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Elizabeth II, Queen (1981–2022)"},{"name":"Manuel Esquivel","person":"Manuel Esquivel","qid":"Q951969","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Manuel Esquivel, Prime minister (1984–1989)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Costa Rica","region":"Americas","country":"Costa Rica","wikipedia":"Costa Rica","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Luis Monge Álvarez","person":"Luis Alberto Monge","qid":"Q879195","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Luis Monge Álvarez, President (1982–1986)"},{"name":"Óscar Arias","person":"Óscar Arias","qid":"Q49344","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Óscar Arias, President (1986–1990)"}]},{"state":"El Salvador","region":"Americas","country":"El Salvador","wikipedia":"El Salvador","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"José Napoleón Duarte","person":"José Napoleón Duarte","qid":"Q360283","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"José Napoleón Duarte, President (1984–1989)"}]},{"state":"Guatemala","region":"Americas","country":"Guatemala","wikipedia":"Guatemala","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Óscar Humberto Mejía Victores","person":"Óscar Humberto Mejía Victores","qid":"Q293385","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Óscar Humberto Mejía Victores, President (1983–1986)"},{"name":"Vinicio Cerezo","person":"Vinicio Cerezo","qid":"Q887617","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Vinicio Cerezo, President (1986–1991)"}]},{"state":"Honduras","region":"Americas","country":"Honduras","wikipedia":"Honduras","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Roberto Suazo Córdova","person":"Roberto Suazo Córdova","qid":"Q881507","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Roberto Suazo Córdova, President (1982–1986)"},{"name":"José Azcona del Hoyo","person":"José Azcona del Hoyo","qid":"Q887424","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"José Azcona del Hoyo, President (1986–1990)"}]},{"state":"Nicaragua","region":"Americas","country":"Nicaragua","wikipedia":"Nicaragua","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Daniel Ortega","person":"Daniel Ortega","qid":"Q57402","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Daniel Ortega, President (1985–1990)"}]},{"state":"Panama","region":"Americas","country":"Panama","wikipedia":"Panama","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Eric Arturo Delvalle","person":"Eric Arturo Delvalle","qid":"Q739390","title":"Acting President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Eric Arturo Delvalle, Acting President (1985–1988)"}]},{"state":"Canada","region":"Americas","country":"Canada","wikipedia":"Canada","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Elizabeth II","person":"Elizabeth II","qid":"Q9682","title":"Queen","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Elizabeth II, Queen (1952–2022)"},{"name":"Brian Mulroney","person":"Brian Mulroney","qid":"Q128563","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Brian Mulroney, Prime minister (1984–1993)"}]},{"state":"Mexico","region":"Americas","country":"Mexico","wikipedia":"Mexico","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Miguel de la Madrid","person":"Miguel de la Madrid","qid":"Q296691","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Miguel de la Madrid, President (1982–1988)"}]},{"state":"United States","region":"Americas","country":"United States","wikipedia":"United States","key":"United States","holders":[{"name":"Ronald Reagan","person":"Ronald Reagan","qid":"Q9960","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Ronald Reagan, President (1981–1989)"}]},{"state":"Argentina","region":"Americas","country":"Argentina","wikipedia":"Argentina","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Raúl Alfonsín","person":"Raúl Alfonsín","qid":"Q193062","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Raúl Alfonsín, President (1983–1989)"}]},{"state":"Bolivia","region":"Americas","country":"Bolivia","wikipedia":"Bolivia","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Víctor Paz Estenssoro","person":"Víctor Paz Estenssoro","qid":"Q312055","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Víctor Paz Estenssoro, President (1985–1989)"}]},{"state":"Federative Republic of Brazil","region":"Americas","country":"Brazil","wikipedia":"Brazil","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"José Sarney","person":"José Sarney","qid":"Q244997","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"José Sarney, President (1985–1990)"}]},{"state":"Military Dictatorship of Chile (1973–1990)","region":"Americas","country":"Chile","wikipedia":"Military Dictatorship of Chile (1973–1990)","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Augusto Pinochet","person":"Augusto Pinochet","qid":"Q368","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Augusto Pinochet, President of the Junta (1974–1981), President (1974–1990)"}]},{"state":"Colombia","region":"Americas","country":"Colombia","wikipedia":"Colombia","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Belisario Betancur Cuartas","person":"Belisario Betancur Cuartas","qid":"Q345571","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Belisario Betancur Cuartas, President (1982–1986)"},{"name":"Virgilio Barco Vargas","person":"Virgilio Barco Vargas","qid":"Q540192","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Virgilio Barco Vargas, President (1986–1990)"}]},{"state":"Ecuador","region":"Americas","country":"Ecuador","wikipedia":"Ecuador","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"León Febres Cordero","person":"León Febres Cordero","qid":"Q471324","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"León Febres Cordero, President (1984–1988)"}]},{"state":"Co-operative Republic of Guyana","region":"Americas","country":"Guyana","wikipedia":"Guyana","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Desmond Hoyte","person":"Desmond Hoyte","qid":"Q887418","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Desmond Hoyte, President (1985–1992)"}]},{"state":"El Stronato: Paraguay","region":"Americas","country":"Paraguay","wikipedia":"El Stronato","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Alfredo Stroessner","person":"Alfredo Stroessner","qid":"Q152534","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Alfredo Stroessner, President (1954–1989)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Peru","region":"Americas","country":"Peru","wikipedia":"Peru","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Alan García Pérez","person":"Alan García Pérez","qid":"Q167211","title":"Constitutional President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Alan García Pérez, Constitutional President (1985–1990)"},{"name":"Luis Alva Castro","person":"Luis Alva Castro","qid":"Q3266597","title":"Prime Minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Luis Alva Castro, Prime Minister (1985–1987)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Suriname","region":"Americas","country":"Suriname","wikipedia":"Suriname","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Fred Ramdat Misier","person":"Fred Ramdat Misier","qid":"Q887828","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Fred Ramdat Misier, President (1982–1988)"},{"name":"Willem Alfred Udenhout","person":"Wim Udenhout","qid":"Q1828494","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Willem Alfred Udenhout, Prime minister (1984–1986)"},{"name":"Pretaap Radhakishun","person":"Pretaap Radhakishun","qid":"Q1444020","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Pretaap Radhakishun, Prime minister (1986–1987)"}]},{"state":"Oriental Republic of Uruguay","region":"Americas","country":"Uruguay","wikipedia":"Uruguay","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Julio María Sanguinetti","person":"Julio María Sanguinetti","qid":"Q311428","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Julio María Sanguinetti, President (1985–1990)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Venezuela","region":"Americas","country":"Venezuela","wikipedia":"Republic of Venezuela","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Jaime Lusinchi","person":"Jaime Lusinchi","qid":"Q727036","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Jaime Lusinchi, President (1984–1989)"}]},{"state":"Republic of China: Taiwan","region":"Asia","country":"Taiwan","wikipedia":"Taiwan","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Chiang Ching-kuo","person":"Chiang Ching-kuo","qid":"Q313598","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Chiang Ching-kuo, President (1978–1988)"},{"name":"Yu Kuo-hwa","person":"Yu Kuo-hwa","qid":"Q712784","title":"Premier","office":"Premiers","quote":"Yu Kuo-hwa, Premier (1984–1989)"}]},{"state":"People's Republic of China","region":"Asia","country":"China","wikipedia":"China","key":"China","holders":[{"name":"Deng Xiaoping","person":"Deng Xiaoping","qid":"Q16977","title":"Paramount Leader","office":"Chairmen and General Secretaries of the Communist Party  and paramount leaders","quote":"Deng Xiaoping, Paramount Leader (1978–1989)"},{"name":"Hu Yaobang","person":"Hu Yaobang","qid":"Q99850","title":"General Secretary","office":"Chairmen and General Secretaries of the Communist Party  and paramount leaders","quote":"Hu Yaobang, Chairman (1981–1982), General Secretary (1982–1987)"},{"name":"Li Xiannian","person":"Li Xiannian","qid":"Q311413","title":"President","office":"Heads of state","quote":"Li Xiannian, President (1983–1988)"}]},{"state":"Japan","region":"Asia","country":"Japan","wikipedia":"Japan","key":"Japan","holders":[{"name":"Hirohito","person":"Hirohito","qid":"Q34479","title":"Emperor","office":"Emperors","quote":"Hirohito, Emperor (1926–1989)"}]},{"state":"North Korea","region":"Asia","country":"North Korea","wikipedia":"North Korea","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Kim Il Sung","person":"Kim Il Sung","qid":"Q41117","title":"General Secretary","office":"General Secretary of the Workers' Party","quote":"Kim Il Sung, Chairman (1949–1966), General Secretary (1966–1994)"},{"name":"Kim Il Sung","person":"Kim Il Sung","qid":"Q41117","title":"President","office":"President","quote":"Kim Il Sung, President (1972–1994)"}]},{"state":"South Korea","region":"Asia","country":"South Korea","wikipedia":"South Korea","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Chun Doo-hwan","person":"Chun Doo-hwan","qid":"Q14362","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Chun Doo-hwan, President (1980–1988)"}]},{"state":"Mongolian People's Republic","region":"Asia","country":"Mongolian People's Republic","wikipedia":"Mongolian People's Republic","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Dumaagiin Sodnom","person":"Dumaagiin Sodnom","qid":"Q2982132","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Dumaagiin Sodnom, Prime minister (1984–1990)"}]},{"state":"Protectorate of Brunei / Nation of Brunei","region":"Asia","country":"Brunei","wikipedia":"Brunei#British intervention","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Hassanal Bolkiah","person":"Hassanal Bolkiah","qid":"Q57327","title":"Sultan","office":null,"quote":"Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan (1967–present)"}]},{"state":"People's Republic of Kampuchea","region":"Asia","country":"Cambodia","wikipedia":"People's Republic of Kampuchea","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Hun Sen","person":"Hun Sen","qid":"Q57788","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Hun Sen, Prime minister (1985–1989)"}]},{"state":"New Order, Indonesia","region":"Asia","country":"Indonesia","wikipedia":"New Order (Indonesia)","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Suharto","person":"Suharto","qid":"Q44819","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Suharto, Acting President (1967–1968), President (1968–1998)"}]},{"state":"Lao People's Democratic Republic","region":"Asia","country":"Laos","wikipedia":"Laos","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Kaysone Phomvihane","person":"Kaysone Phomvihane","qid":"Q320100","title":"General Secretary","office":"General Secretaries","quote":"Kaysone Phomvihane, General Secretary (1955–1991), Chairman (1991–1992)"},{"name":"Souphanouvong","person":"Souphanouvong","qid":"Q320103","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Souphanouvong, President (1975–1991)"},{"name":"Phoumi Vongvichit","person":"Phoumi Vongvichit","qid":"Q878933","title":"Acting President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Phoumi Vongvichit, Acting President (1986–1991)"},{"name":"Kaysone Phomvihane","person":"Kaysone Phomvihane","qid":"Q320100","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Kaysone Phomvihane, Prime minister (1975–1991)"}]},{"state":"Malaysia","region":"Asia","country":"Malaysia","wikipedia":"Malaysia","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Iskandar of Johor","person":"Iskandar of Johor","qid":"Q375278","title":"Yang di-Pertuan Agong","office":"Elected monarchs","quote":"Iskandar of Johor, Yang di-Pertuan Agong (1984–1989)"},{"name":"Mahathir Mohamad","person":"Mahathir Mohamad","qid":"Q181383","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Mahathir Mohamad, Prime minister (1981–2003)"}]},{"state":"Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma","region":"Asia","country":"Myanmar / Burma","wikipedia":"Burmese Way to Socialism","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Ne Win","person":"Ne Win","qid":"Q315522","title":"Chairman","office":"Party Chairman","quote":"Ne Win, Chairman (1962–1988)"},{"name":"San Yu","person":"San Yu","qid":"Q63697","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"San Yu, President (1981–1988)"}]},{"state":"Philippines","region":"Asia","country":"Philippines","wikipedia":"Philippines","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Ferdinand Marcos","person":"Ferdinand Marcos","qid":"Q1463","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Ferdinand Marcos, President (1965–1986)"},{"name":"Corazon Aquino","person":"Corazon Aquino","qid":"Q1480","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Corazon Aquino, President (1986–1992)"},{"name":"Cesar Virata","person":"Cesar Virata","qid":"Q983320","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Cesar Virata, Prime minister (1981–1986)"},{"name":"Salvador Laurel","person":"Salvador Laurel","qid":"Q983387","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Salvador Laurel, Prime minister (1986)"}]},{"state":"Singapore","region":"Asia","country":"Singapore","wikipedia":"Singapore","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Wee Kim Wee","person":"Wee Kim Wee","qid":"Q399998","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Wee Kim Wee, President (1985–1993)"},{"name":"Lee Kuan Yew","person":"Lee Kuan Yew","qid":"Q131248","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Lee Kuan Yew, Prime minister (1959–1990)"}]},{"state":"Thailand","region":"Asia","country":"Thailand","wikipedia":"Thailand","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Bhumibol Adulyadej","person":"Bhumibol Adulyadej","qid":"Q855252","title":"King","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Bhumibol Adulyadej, King (1946–2016)"},{"name":"Prem Tinsulanonda","person":"Prem Tinsulanonda","qid":"Q379827","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Prem Tinsulanonda, Prime minister (1980–1988)"}]},{"state":"Socialist Republic of Vietnam (1976–present)","region":"Asia","country":"Vietnam","wikipedia":"Vietnam","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Lê Duẩn","person":"Lê Duẩn","qid":"Q466001","title":"General Secretary","office":"General Secretaries of the Communist Party","quote":"Lê Duẩn, General Secretary (1960–1986)"},{"name":"Trường Chinh","person":"Trường Chinh","qid":"Q545539","title":"General Secretary","office":"General Secretaries of the Communist Party","quote":"Trường Chinh, General Secretary (1986)"},{"name":"Trường Chinh","person":"Trường Chinh","qid":"Q545539","title":"Chairmen of the Council of State","office":"Heads of state","quote":"Trường Chinh, Chairmen of the Council of State (1981–1987)"},{"name":"Phạm Văn Đồng","person":"Phạm Văn Đồng","qid":"Q358051","title":"Chairmen of the Council of ministers","office":"Heads of government","quote":"Phạm Văn Đồng, Prime minister (1976–1981), Chairmen of the Council of ministers (1981–1987)"}]},{"state":"Democratic Republic of Afghanistan","region":"Asia","country":"Afghanistan","wikipedia":"Democratic Republic of Afghanistan","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Babrak Karmal","person":"Babrak Karmal","qid":"Q63827","title":"General Secretary","office":"General Secretary of the Central Committee","quote":"Babrak Karmal, General Secretary (1979–1986)"},{"name":"Babrak Karmal","person":"Babrak Karmal","qid":"Q63827","title":"Chairman","office":"Heads of state","quote":"Babrak Karmal, Chairman (1979–1986)"},{"name":"Haji Mohammad Chamkani","person":"Haji Mohammad Chamkani","qid":"Q187823","title":"Acting Chairman","office":"Heads of state","quote":"Haji Mohammad Chamkani, Acting Chairman (1986–1987)"}]},{"state":"Bangladesh","region":"Asia","country":"Bangladesh","wikipedia":"Bangladesh","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Hussain Muhammad Ershad","person":"Hussain Muhammad Ershad","qid":"Q461816","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Hussain Muhammad Ershad, President (1983–1990)"},{"name":"Mizanur Rahman Chowdhury","person":"Mizanur Rahman Chowdhury","qid":"Q1392112","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Mizanur Rahman Chowdhury, Prime minister (1986–1988)"}]},{"state":"Bhutan","region":"Asia","country":"Bhutan","wikipedia":"Bhutan","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Jigme Singye Wangchuck","person":"Jigme Singye Wangchuck","qid":"Q200273","title":"Druk Gyalpo","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Jigme Singye Wangchuck, Druk Gyalpo (1972–2006)"}]},{"state":"Republic of India","region":"Asia","country":"India","wikipedia":"India","key":"India","holders":[{"name":"Zail Singh","person":"Zail Singh","qid":"Q334851","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Zail Singh, President (1982–1987)"},{"name":"Rajiv Gandhi","person":"Rajiv Gandhi","qid":"Q4593","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Rajiv Gandhi, Prime minister (1984–1989)"}]},{"state":"Second Republic of Maldives","region":"Asia","country":"Maldives","wikipedia":"Maldives","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Maumoon Abdul Gayoom","person":"Maumoon Abdul Gayoom","qid":"Q297957","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Maumoon Abdul Gayoom, President (1978–2008)"}]},{"state":"Kingdom of Nepal","region":"Asia","country":"Nepal","wikipedia":"Kingdom of Nepal","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Birendra","person":"Birendra of Nepal","qid":"Q162306","title":"King","office":"Kings","quote":"Birendra, King (1972–2001)"},{"name":"Lokendra Bahadur Chand","person":"Lokendra Bahadur Chand","qid":"Q2628548","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Lokendra Bahadur Chand, Prime minister (1983–1986)"}]},{"state":"Islamic Republic of Pakistan","region":"Asia","country":"Pakistan","wikipedia":"Pakistan","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq","person":"Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq","qid":"Q200499","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, President (1978–1988)"},{"name":"Muhammad Khan Junejo","person":"Muhammad Khan Junejo","qid":"Q559952","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Muhammad Khan Junejo, Prime minister (1985–1988)"}]},{"state":"Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka","region":"Asia","country":"Sri Lanka","wikipedia":"Sri Lanka","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Junius Richard Jayewardene","person":"J. R. Jayewardene","qid":"Q469661","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Junius Richard Jayewardene, President (1978–1989)"},{"name":"Ranasinghe Premadasa","person":"Ranasinghe Premadasa","qid":"Q472323","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Ranasinghe Premadasa, Prime minister (1978–1989)"}]},{"state":"Hakims of Bahrain/ State of Bahrain","region":"Asia","country":"Bahrain","wikipedia":"History of Bahrain (1783–1971)","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa","person":"Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa","qid":"Q309650","title":"Emir","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa, Hakim (1961–1971), Emir (1971–1999)"},{"name":"Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa","person":"Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa","qid":"Q57726","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa, Prime minister (1971–2020)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Cyprus","region":"Asia","country":"Cyprus","wikipedia":"Cyprus","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Spyros Kyprianou","person":"Spyros Kyprianou","qid":"Q552389","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Spyros Kyprianou, President (1977–1988)"}]},{"state":"Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus","region":"Asia","country":"Cyprus","wikipedia":"Northern Cyprus","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Rauf Denktaş","person":"Rauf Denktaş","qid":"Q200436","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Rauf Denktaş, President (1983–2005)"}]},{"state":"Islamic Republic of Iran","region":"Asia","country":"Iran","wikipedia":"Iran","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Ruhollah Khomeini","person":"Ruhollah Khomeini","qid":"Q38823","title":"Supreme Leader","office":"Supreme Leaders","quote":"Ruhollah Khomeini, Supreme Leader (1979–1989)"},{"name":"Ali Khamenei","person":"Ali Khamenei","qid":"Q57336","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Ali Khamenei, President (1981–1989)"},{"name":"Mir-Hossein Mousavi","person":"Mir-Hossein Mousavi","qid":"Q217154","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Mir-Hossein Mousavi, Prime minister (1981–1989)"}]},{"state":"Ba'athist Iraq","region":"Asia","country":"Iraq","wikipedia":"Ba'athist Iraq","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Saddam Hussein","person":"Saddam Hussein","qid":"Q1316","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Saddam Hussein, President (1979–2003)"},{"name":"Saddam Hussein","person":"Saddam Hussein","qid":"Q1316","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Saddam Hussein, Prime minister (1979–1991)"}]},{"state":"Israel","region":"Asia","country":"Israel","wikipedia":"Israel","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Chaim Herzog","person":"Chaim Herzog","qid":"Q295141","title":"President","office":"Heads of state","quote":"Chaim Herzog, President (1983–1993)"},{"name":"Shimon Peres","person":"Shimon Peres","qid":"Q57410","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Shimon Peres, Prime minister (1984–1986)"},{"name":"Yitzhak Shamir","person":"Yitzhak Shamir","qid":"Q184351","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Yitzhak Shamir, Prime minister (1986–1992)"}]},{"state":"Kingdom of Jordan","region":"Asia","country":"Jordan","wikipedia":"Jordan","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Hussein","person":"Hussein of Jordan","qid":"Q146906","title":"King","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Hussein, King (1952–1999)"},{"name":"Zaid al-Rifai","person":"Zaid al-Rifai","qid":"Q144271","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Zaid al-Rifai, Prime minister (1985–1989)"}]},{"state":"State of Kuwait","region":"Asia","country":"Kuwait","wikipedia":"Kuwait","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Jaber III","person":"Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah","qid":"Q217194","title":"Emir","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Jaber III, Emir (1977–2006)"},{"name":"Saad Al-Abdullah","person":"Saad Al-Salim Al-Sabah","qid":"Q313661","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Saad Al-Abdullah, Prime minister (1978–2003)"}]},{"state":"Lebanon","region":"Asia","country":"Lebanon","wikipedia":"Lebanon","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Amine Gemayel","person":"Amine Gemayel","qid":"Q328776","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Amine Gemayel, President (1982–1988)"},{"name":"Rashid Karami","person":"Rashid Karami","qid":"Q1344225","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Rashid Karami, Prime minister (1984–1987)"}]},{"state":"Sultanate of Oman: Al Busaidi dynasty","region":"Asia","country":"Oman","wikipedia":"Oman","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Qaboos bin Said","person":"Qaboos bin Said","qid":"Q57331","title":"Sultan","office":null,"quote":"Qaboos bin Said, Sultan (1970–2020)"}]},{"state":"Qatar","region":"Asia","country":"Qatar","wikipedia":"Qatar","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani","person":"Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani","qid":"Q2072385","title":"Emir","office":"Emirs","quote":"Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani, Emir (1972–1995)"},{"name":"Khalifa bin Hamad","person":"Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani","qid":"Q2072385","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Khalifa bin Hamad, Prime minister (1970–1995)"}]},{"state":"Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","region":"Asia","country":"Saudi Arabia","wikipedia":"Saudi Arabia","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Fahd","person":"Fahd of Saudi Arabia","qid":"Q183187","title":"King","office":null,"quote":"Fahd, King (1982–2005)"}]},{"state":"Syrian Arab Republic","region":"Asia","country":"Syria","wikipedia":"Ba'athist Syria","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Hafez al-Assad","person":"Hafez al-Assad","qid":"Q118725","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Hafez al-Assad, President (1971–2000)"},{"name":"Abdul Rauf al-Kasm","person":"Abdul Rauf al-Kasm","qid":"Q317430","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Abdul Rauf al-Kasm, Prime minister (1980–1987)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Turkey","region":"Asia","country":"Turkey","wikipedia":"Turkey","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Kenan Evren","person":"Kenan Evren","qid":"Q216983","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Kenan Evren, Chairman (1980–1982), President (1982–1989)"},{"name":"Turgut Özal","person":"Turgut Özal","qid":"Q180280","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Turgut Özal, Prime minister (1983–1989)"}]},{"state":"Emirate of Ras Al Khaimah","region":"Asia","country":"United Arab Emirates","wikipedia":"Emirate of Ras Al Khaimah","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Saqr bin Mohammed Al Qasimi","person":"Saqr bin Mohammed Al Qasimi","qid":"Q1380993","title":"ruler","office":null,"quote":"Saqr bin Mohammed Al Qasimi, ruler (1948–2010)"}]},{"state":"United Arab Emirates","region":"Asia","country":"United Arab Emirates","wikipedia":"United Arab Emirates","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan","person":"Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan","qid":"Q167846","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, President (1971–2004)"},{"name":"Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum","person":"Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum","qid":"Q733312","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum, Prime minister (1979–1990)"}]},{"state":"North Yemen: Yemen Arab Republic","region":"Asia","country":"Yemen","wikipedia":"Yemen Arab Republic","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Ali Abdullah Saleh","person":"Ali Abdullah Saleh","qid":"Q483672","title":"President","office":"Heads of State","quote":"Ali Abdullah Saleh, President (1978–1990)"}]},{"state":"South Yemen: People's Democratic Republic of Yemen","region":"Asia","country":"Yemen","wikipedia":"South Yemen","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Ali Nasir Muhammad","person":"Ali Nasir Muhammad","qid":"Q924397","title":"President","office":"General Secretary","quote":"Ali Nasir Muhammad, President (1980–1986)"},{"name":"Ali Salem al-Beidh","person":"Ali Salem al-Beidh","qid":"Q2555542","title":"President","office":"General Secretary","quote":"Ali Salem al-Beidh, President (1986–1990)"},{"name":"Ali Nasir Muhammad","person":"Ali Nasir Muhammad","qid":"Q924397","title":"Chairmen","office":"Heads of state","quote":"Ali Nasir Muhammad, Chairmen (1980–1986)"},{"name":"Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas","person":"Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas","qid":"Q1322893","title":"Chairmen","office":"Heads of state","quote":"Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas, Chairmen (1986–1990)"},{"name":"Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas","person":"Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas","qid":"Q1322893","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas, Prime minister (1985–1986)"},{"name":"Yasin Said Numan","person":"Yasin Said Numan","qid":"Q4119927","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Yasin Said Numan, Prime minister (1986–1990)"}]},{"state":"People's Socialist Republic of Albania","region":"Europe","country":"Albania","wikipedia":"People's Socialist Republic of Albania","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Ramiz Alia","person":"Ramiz Alia","qid":"Q156833","title":"First Secretary","office":"First Secretaries","quote":"Ramiz Alia, First Secretary (1985–1991)"},{"name":"Ramiz Alia","person":"Ramiz Alia","qid":"Q156833","title":"Chairman","office":"Chairman","quote":"Ramiz Alia, Chairman (1982–1991)"},{"name":"Adil Çarçani","person":"Adil Çarçani","qid":"Q357219","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Adil Çarçani, Prime minister (1981–1991)"}]},{"state":"People's Republic of Bulgaria","region":"Europe","country":"Bulgaria","wikipedia":"People's Republic of Bulgaria","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Todor Zhivkov","person":"Todor Zhivkov","qid":"Q28517","title":"General Secretary","office":"General Secretary","quote":"Todor Zhivkov, General Secretary (1954–1989)"},{"name":"Todor Zhivkov","person":"Todor Zhivkov","qid":"Q28517","title":"Chairman of the State Council","office":"Presidents","quote":"Todor Zhivkov, Chairman of the State Council (1971–1990), president (1990)"},{"name":"Grisha Filipov","person":"Grisha Filipov","qid":"Q939749","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Grisha Filipov, Prime minister (1981–1986)"},{"name":"Georgi Atanasov","person":"Georgi Atanasov (politician)","qid":"Q669384","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Georgi Atanasov, Prime minister (1986–1990)"}]},{"state":"Greece: Third Republic","region":"Europe","country":"Greece","wikipedia":"Greece","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Christos Sartzetakis","person":"Christos Sartzetakis","qid":"Q344729","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Christos Sartzetakis, President (1985–1990)"},{"name":"Andreas Papandreou","person":"Andreas Papandreou","qid":"Q219256","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Andreas Papandreou, Prime minister (1981–1989)"}]},{"state":"Yugoslavia: Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia","region":"Europe","country":"Yugoslavia","wikipedia":"Yugoslavia","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Radovan Vlajković","person":"Radovan Vlajković","qid":"Q641506","title":"President of the Presidency","office":"Presidents","quote":"Radovan Vlajković, President of the Presidency (1985–1986)"},{"name":"Sinan Hasani","person":"Sinan Hasani","qid":"Q641575","title":"President of the Presidency","office":"Presidents","quote":"Sinan Hasani, President of the Presidency (1986–1987)"},{"name":"Milka Planinc","person":"Milka Planinc","qid":"Q236899","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Milka Planinc, Prime minister (1982–1986)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Ireland","region":"Europe","country":"Ireland","wikipedia":"Republic of Ireland","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Patrick Hillery","person":"Patrick Hillery","qid":"Q310994","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Patrick Hillery, President (1976–1990)"},{"name":"Garret FitzGerald","person":"Garret FitzGerald","qid":"Q1425313","title":"Taoiseach","office":"Taoiseachs","quote":"Garret FitzGerald, Taoiseach (1981–1987)"}]},{"state":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland","region":"Europe","country":"United Kingdom","wikipedia":"United Kingdom","key":"United Kingdom","holders":[{"name":"Elizabeth II","person":"Elizabeth II","qid":"Q9682","title":"Queen","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Elizabeth II, Queen (1952–2022)"},{"name":"Margaret Thatcher","person":"Margaret Thatcher","qid":"Q7416","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Margaret Thatcher, Prime minister (1979–1990)"}]},{"state":"Austria","region":"Europe","country":"Austria","wikipedia":"Austria","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Rudolf Kirchschläger","person":"Rudolf Kirchschläger","qid":"Q72856","title":"President","office":"Federal Presidents","quote":"Rudolf Kirchschläger, President (1974–1986)"},{"name":"Kurt Waldheim","person":"Kurt Waldheim","qid":"Q1260","title":"President","office":"Federal Presidents","quote":"Kurt Waldheim, President (1986–1992)"},{"name":"Franz Vranitzky","person":"Franz Vranitzky","qid":"Q158123","title":"Chancellor","office":"Chancellors","quote":"Franz Vranitzky, Chancellor (1986–1997)"}]},{"state":"Czechoslovak Socialist Republic","region":"Europe","country":"Czechoslovakia","wikipedia":"Czechoslovak Socialist Republic","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Gustáv Husák","person":"Gustáv Husák","qid":"Q157651","title":"General Secretary","office":"General Secretaries","quote":"Gustáv Husák, General Secretary (1969–1987)"},{"name":"Gustáv Husák","person":"Gustáv Husák","qid":"Q157651","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Gustáv Husák, President (1976–1989)"},{"name":"Lubomír Štrougal","person":"Lubomír Štrougal","qid":"Q683269","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Lubomír Štrougal, Prime minister (1970–1988)"}]},{"state":"East Germany","region":"Europe","country":"Germany","wikipedia":"East Germany","key":"Germany","holders":[{"name":"Erich Honecker","person":"Erich Honecker","qid":"Q2607","title":"Chairmen of the State Council","office":"Heads of state","quote":"Erich Honecker, Chairmen of the State Council (1976–1989)"},{"name":"Willi Stoph","person":"Willi Stoph","qid":"Q2610","title":"Chairman","office":"Chairman of the Council of Ministers","quote":"Willi Stoph, Chairman (1976–1989)"}]},{"state":"West Germany","region":"Europe","country":"Germany","wikipedia":"West Germany","key":"Germany","holders":[{"name":"Richard von Weizsäcker","person":"Richard von Weizsäcker","qid":"Q2567","title":"President of West Germany","office":"Presidents","quote":"Richard von Weizsäcker, President of West Germany (1984–1990), President of reunified Germany (1990–1994)"},{"name":"Helmut Kohl","person":"Helmut Kohl","qid":"Q2518","title":"Chancellor of West Germany","office":"Chancellors","quote":"Helmut Kohl, Chancellor of West Germany (1982–1990), Chancellor of reunified Germany (1990–1998)"}]},{"state":"Hungarian People's Republic","region":"Europe","country":"Hungary","wikipedia":"Hungarian People's Republic","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Pál Losonczi","person":"Pál Losonczi","qid":"Q542858","title":"Chairman","office":"Chairmen of the Presidential Council","quote":"Pál Losonczi, Chairman (1967–1987)"},{"name":"György Lázár","person":"György Lázár","qid":"Q598216","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"György Lázár, Prime minister (1975–1987)"}]},{"state":"Liechtenstein","region":"Europe","country":"Liechtenstein","wikipedia":"Liechtenstein","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Franz Josef II","person":"Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein","qid":"Q165674","title":"Prince","office":"Sovereign Princes","quote":"Franz Josef II, Prince (1938–1989)"},{"name":"Hans Brunhart","person":"Hans Brunhart","qid":"Q696665","title":"Prime minister","office":"Heads of government","quote":"Hans Brunhart, Prime minister (1978–1993)"}]},{"state":"Polish People's Republic","region":"Europe","country":"Poland","wikipedia":"Polish People's Republic","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Wojciech Jaruzelski","person":"Wojciech Jaruzelski","qid":"Q55834","title":"First Secretary","office":"Party leaders","quote":"Wojciech Jaruzelski, First Secretary (1981–1989)"},{"name":"Wojciech Jaruzelski","person":"Wojciech Jaruzelski","qid":"Q55834","title":"Chairman","office":"Chairman of the Council of State","quote":"Wojciech Jaruzelski, Chairman (1985–1989), President (1989)"}]},{"state":"Switzerland","region":"Europe","country":"Switzerland","wikipedia":"Switzerland","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Alphons Egli","person":"Alphons Egli","qid":"Q118250","title":"President of the Confederation","office":null,"quote":"Alphons Egli, President of the Confederation (1986)"}]},{"state":"Socialist Republic of Romania","region":"Europe","country":"Romania","wikipedia":"Socialist Republic of Romania","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Nicolae Ceaușescu","person":"Nicolae Ceaușescu","qid":"Q80504","title":"General Secretary","office":"General Secretaries","quote":"Nicolae Ceaușescu, General Secretary (1965–1989)"},{"name":"Nicolae Ceaușescu","person":"Nicolae Ceaușescu","qid":"Q80504","title":"President","office":"Heads of state","quote":"Nicolae Ceaușescu, President of the State Council (1967–1974), President (1974–1989)"},{"name":"Constantin Dăscălescu","person":"Constantin Dăscălescu","qid":"Q513406","title":"Prime minister","office":"Presidents of the council of ministers","quote":"Constantin Dăscălescu, Prime minister (1982–1989)"}]},{"state":"Soviet Union","region":"Europe","country":"Russia","wikipedia":"Soviet Union","key":"Russia","holders":[{"name":"Mikhail Gorbachev","person":"Mikhail Gorbachev","qid":"Q30487","title":"General Secretary","office":"General Secretary","quote":"Mikhail Gorbachev, General Secretary (1985–1991)"},{"name":"Andrei Gromyko","person":"Andrei Gromyko","qid":"Q184267","title":"Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet","office":"Heads of state","quote":"Andrei Gromyko, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1985–1988)"},{"name":"Nikolai Ryzhkov","person":"Nikolai Ryzhkov","qid":"Q366524","title":"Chairman of the Council of Ministers","office":"Heads of governments","quote":"Nikolai Ryzhkov, Chairman of the Council of Ministers (1985–1991)"}]},{"state":"Denmark","region":"Europe","country":"Denmark","wikipedia":"Denmark","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Margrethe II","person":"Margrethe II of Denmark","qid":"Q102139","title":"Queen","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Margrethe II, Queen (1972–2024)"},{"name":"Poul Schlüter","person":"Poul Schlüter","qid":"Q327190","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Poul Schlüter, Prime minister (1982–1993)"}]},{"state":"Finland","region":"Europe","country":"Finland","wikipedia":"Finland","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Mauno Koivisto","person":"Mauno Koivisto","qid":"Q29021","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Mauno Koivisto, President (1982–1994)"},{"name":"Kalevi Sorsa","person":"Kalevi Sorsa","qid":"Q351710","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Kalevi Sorsa, Prime minister (1982–1987)"}]},{"state":"Iceland","region":"Europe","country":"Iceland","wikipedia":"Iceland","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Vigdís Finnbogadóttir","person":"Vigdís Finnbogadóttir","qid":"Q189797","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Vigdís Finnbogadóttir, President (1980–1996)"},{"name":"Steingrímur Hermannsson","person":"Steingrímur Hermannsson","qid":"Q358173","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Steingrímur Hermannsson, Prime minister (1983–1987)"}]},{"state":"Norway","region":"Europe","country":"Norway","wikipedia":"Norway","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Olav V","person":"Olav V of Norway","qid":"Q154912","title":"King","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Olav V, King (1957–1991)"},{"name":"Kåre Willoch","person":"Kåre Willoch","qid":"Q317405","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Kåre Willoch, Prime minister (1981–1986)"},{"name":"Gro Harlem Brundtland","person":"Gro Harlem Brundtland","qid":"Q133009","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Gro Harlem Brundtland, Prime minister (1986–1989)"}]},{"state":"Sweden","region":"Europe","country":"Sweden","wikipedia":"Sweden","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Carl XVI Gustaf","person":"Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden","qid":"Q45068","title":"King","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Carl XVI Gustaf, King (1973–present)"},{"name":"Olof Palme","person":"Olof Palme","qid":"Q53713","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Olof Palme, Prime minister (1982–1986)"},{"name":"Ingvar Carlsson","person":"Ingvar Carlsson","qid":"Q53740","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Ingvar Carlsson, Prime minister (1986–1991)"}]},{"state":"Italy","region":"Europe","country":"Italy","wikipedia":"Italy","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Francesco Cossiga","person":"Francesco Cossiga","qid":"Q1230","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Francesco Cossiga, President (1985–1992)"},{"name":"Bettino Craxi","person":"Bettino Craxi","qid":"Q192818","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Bettino Craxi, Prime minister (1983–1987)"}]},{"state":"Republic of Malta","region":"Europe","country":"Malta","wikipedia":"Malta","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Agatha Barbara","person":"Agatha Barbara","qid":"Q168387","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Agatha Barbara, President (1982–1987)"},{"name":"Karmenu Mifsud Bonnici","person":"Karmenu Mifsud Bonnici","qid":"Q1043593","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Karmenu Mifsud Bonnici, Prime minister (1984–1987)"}]},{"state":"San Marino","region":"Europe","country":"San Marino","wikipedia":"San Marino","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Ubaldo Biordi","person":"Ubaldo Biordi","qid":"Q3547611","title":"Captains Regent","office":"Captains Regent (1900–present)","quote":"Pier Paolo Gasperoni, Ubaldo Biordi, Captains Regent (1985–1986)"},{"name":"Marino Venturini","person":"Marino Venturini","qid":"Q98105394","title":"Captains Regent","office":"Captains Regent (1900–present)","quote":"Marino Venturini, Ariosto Maiani, Captains Regent (1986)"},{"name":"Giuseppe Arzilli","person":"Giuseppe Arzilli","qid":"Q301069","title":"Captains Regent","office":"Captains Regent (1900–present)","quote":"Giuseppe Arzilli, Maurizio Tomassoni, Captains Regent (1986–1987)"}]},{"state":"Vatican City","region":"Europe","country":"Vatican","wikipedia":"Vatican City","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"John Paul II","person":"Pope John Paul II","qid":"Q989","title":"Sovereign","office":"Sovereign","quote":"John Paul II, Sovereign (1978–2005)"},{"name":"Sebastiano Baggio","person":"Sebastiano Baggio","qid":"Q982074","title":"President of the Governorate","office":"President of the Governorate","quote":"Sebastiano Baggio, President of the Governorate (1984–1990)"}]},{"state":"Andorra","region":"Europe","country":"Andorra","wikipedia":"Andorra","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Joan Martí i Alanis","person":"Joan Martí i Alanis","qid":"Q684487","title":"Episcopal Co-Prince","office":"Episcopal Co-Princes","quote":"Joan Martí i Alanis, Episcopal Co-Prince (1971–2003)"},{"name":"François Mitterrand","person":"François Mitterrand","qid":"Q2038","title":"French Co-Prince","office":"French Co-Princes","quote":"François Mitterrand, French Co-Prince (1981–1995)"},{"name":"Josep Pintat-Solans","person":"Josep Pintat-Solans","qid":"Q72546","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Josep Pintat-Solans, Prime minister (1984–1990)"}]},{"state":"Third Republic of Portugal","region":"Europe","country":"Portugal","wikipedia":"Portugal","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"António Ramalho Eanes","person":"António Ramalho Eanes","qid":"Q60114","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"António Ramalho Eanes, President (1976–1986)"},{"name":"Mário Soares","person":"Mário Soares","qid":"Q156781","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Mário Soares, President (1986–1996)"},{"name":"Aníbal Cavaco Silva","person":"Aníbal Cavaco Silva","qid":"Q57398","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Aníbal Cavaco Silva, Prime minister (1985–1995)"}]},{"state":"Kingdom of Spain","region":"Europe","country":"Spain","wikipedia":"Spain","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Juan Carlos I","person":"Juan Carlos I of Spain","qid":"Q19943","title":"King","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Juan Carlos I, King (1975–2014)"},{"name":"Felipe González","person":"Felipe González","qid":"Q156799","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Felipe González, Prime minister (1982–1996)"}]},{"state":"Belgium","region":"Europe","country":"Belgium","wikipedia":"Belgium","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Baudouin","person":"Baudouin of Belgium","qid":"Q12976","title":"King","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Baudouin, King (1951–1993)"},{"name":"Wilfried Martens","person":"Wilfried Martens","qid":"Q313809","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Wilfried Martens, Prime minister (1981–1992)"}]},{"state":"France: Fifth Republic","region":"Europe","country":"France","wikipedia":"France","key":"France","holders":[{"name":"François Mitterrand","person":"François Mitterrand","qid":"Q2038","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"François Mitterrand, President (1981–1995)"},{"name":"Laurent Fabius","person":"Laurent Fabius","qid":"Q217070","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Laurent Fabius, Prime minister (1984–1986)"},{"name":"Jacques Chirac","person":"Jacques Chirac","qid":"Q2105","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Jacques Chirac, Prime minister (1986–1988)"}]},{"state":"Luxembourg","region":"Europe","country":"Luxembourg","wikipedia":"Luxembourg","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Jean","person":"Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg","qid":"Q15988","title":"Grand Duke","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Jean, Grand Duke (1964–2000)"},{"name":"Jacques Santer","person":"Jacques Santer","qid":"Q39659","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Jacques Santer, Prime minister (1984–1995)"}]},{"state":"Monaco","region":"Europe","country":"Monaco","wikipedia":"Monaco","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Rainier III","person":"Rainier III, Prince of Monaco","qid":"Q185025","title":"Prince","office":"Sovereign Prince","quote":"Rainier III, Prince (1949–2005)"},{"name":"Jean Ausseil","person":"Jean Ausseil","qid":"Q931543","title":"Minister of state","office":"Minister of State","quote":"Jean Ausseil, Minister of state (1985–1991)"}]},{"state":"Kingdom of the Netherlands","region":"Europe","country":"Netherlands","wikipedia":"Kingdom of the Netherlands","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Beatrix","person":"Beatrix of the Netherlands","qid":"Q29574","title":"Queen","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Beatrix, Queen (1980–2013)"},{"name":"Ruud Lubbers","person":"Ruud Lubbers","qid":"Q159840","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers of the Netherlands; from 1954, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Kingdom of the Netherlands","quote":"Ruud Lubbers, Prime minister (1982–1994)"}]},{"state":"Australia","region":"Oceania","country":"Australia","wikipedia":"Australia","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Elizabeth II","person":"Elizabeth II","qid":"Q9682","title":"Queen","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Elizabeth II, Queen (1952–2022)"},{"name":"Bob Hawke","person":"Bob Hawke","qid":"Q269372","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Bob Hawke, Prime minister (1983–1991)"}]},{"state":"Papua New Guinea","region":"Oceania","country":"Papua New Guinea","wikipedia":"Papua New Guinea","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Elizabeth II","person":"Elizabeth II","qid":"Q9682","title":"Queen","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Elizabeth II, Queen (1975–2022)"}]},{"state":"Dominion of Fiji","region":"Oceania","country":"Fiji","wikipedia":"Dominion of Fiji","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Elizabeth II","person":"Elizabeth II","qid":"Q9682","title":"Queen","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Elizabeth II, Queen (1970–1987)"},{"name":"Kamisese Mara","person":"Kamisese Mara","qid":"Q469507","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Kamisese Mara, Prime minister (1970–1987)"}]},{"state":"Wallis and Futuna","region":"Oceania","country":"French Polynesia","wikipedia":"Wallis and Futuna","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Tomasi Kulimoetoke II","person":"Tomasi Kulimoetoke II","qid":"Q783759","title":"King","office":"Kings of Uvea (Wallis)","quote":"Tomasi Kulimoetoke II, King (1959–2007)"}]},{"state":"Kiribati","region":"Oceania","country":"Kiribati","wikipedia":"Kiribati","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Ieremia Tabai","person":"Ieremia Tabai","qid":"Q1299331","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Ieremia Tabai, President (1983–1991)"}]},{"state":"Marshall Islands","region":"Oceania","country":"Marshall Islands","wikipedia":"Marshall Islands","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Amata Kabua","person":"Amata Kabua","qid":"Q12915","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Amata Kabua, President (1979–1996)"}]},{"state":"Federated States of Micronesia","region":"Oceania","country":"Micronesia","wikipedia":"Federated States of Micronesia","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Tosiwo Nakayama","person":"Tosiwo Nakayama","qid":"Q328864","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Tosiwo Nakayama, President (1979–1987)"}]},{"state":"Nauru","region":"Oceania","country":"Nauru","wikipedia":"Nauru","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Hammer DeRoburt","person":"Hammer DeRoburt","qid":"Q336231","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Hammer DeRoburt, President (1978–1986)"},{"name":"Kennan Adeang","person":"Kennan Adeang","qid":"Q888040","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Kennan Adeang, President (1986)"},{"name":"Hammer DeRoburt","person":"Hammer DeRoburt","qid":"Q336231","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Hammer DeRoburt, President (1986)"},{"name":"Hammer DeRoburt","person":"Hammer DeRoburt","qid":"Q336231","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Hammer DeRoburt, President (1986–1989)"}]},{"state":"New Zealand","region":"Oceania","country":"New Zealand","wikipedia":"New Zealand","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Elizabeth II","person":"Elizabeth II","qid":"Q9682","title":"Queen","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Elizabeth II, Queen (1952–2022)"},{"name":"David Lange","person":"David Lange","qid":"Q367589","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"David Lange, Prime minister (1984–1989)"}]},{"state":"Palau","region":"Oceania","country":"Palau","wikipedia":"Palau","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Lazarus Salii","person":"Lazarus Salii","qid":"Q888439","title":"President","office":null,"quote":"Lazarus Salii, President (1985–1988)"}]},{"state":"Western Samoa/ Independent State of Samoa","region":"Oceania","country":"Samoa and American Samoa","wikipedia":"Samoa","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Malietoa Tanumafili II","person":"Malietoa Tanumafili II","qid":"Q317378","title":"O le Ao o le Malo","office":"Heads of state","quote":"Malietoa Tanumafili II, O le Ao o le Malo (1962–2007)"}]},{"state":"Solomon Islands","region":"Oceania","country":"Solomon Islands","wikipedia":"Solomon Islands","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Elizabeth II","person":"Elizabeth II","qid":"Q9682","title":"Queen","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Elizabeth II, Queen (1978–2022)"},{"name":"Peter Kenilorea","person":"Peter Kenilorea","qid":"Q425785","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Peter Kenilorea, Prime minister (1984–1986)"},{"name":"Ezekiel Alebua","person":"Ezekiel Alebua","qid":"Q1379708","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Ezekiel Alebua, Prime minister (1986–1989)"}]},{"state":"Tonga","region":"Oceania","country":"Tonga","wikipedia":"Tonga","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV","person":"Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV","qid":"Q273739","title":"King","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV, King (1965–2006)"},{"name":"Fatafehi Tu'ipelehake","person":"Fatafehi Tu'ipelehake","qid":"Q984131","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Fatafehi Tu'ipelehake, Prime minister (1965–1991)"}]},{"state":"Tuvalu","region":"Oceania","country":"Tuvalu","wikipedia":"Tuvalu","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Elizabeth II","person":"Elizabeth II","qid":"Q9682","title":"Queen","office":"Monarchs","quote":"Elizabeth II, Queen (1978–2022)"},{"name":"Tomasi Puapua","person":"Tomasi Puapua","qid":"Q919316","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Tomasi Puapua, Prime minister (1981–1989)"}]},{"state":"Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands","region":"Oceania","country":"United States","wikipedia":"Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Janet J. McCoy","person":"Janet J. McCoy","qid":"Q774687","title":"High Commissioner","office":null,"quote":"Janet J. McCoy, High Commissioner (1981–1987)"}]},{"state":"Vanuatu","region":"Oceania","country":"Vanuatu","wikipedia":"Vanuatu","key":null,"holders":[{"name":"Ati George Sokomanu","person":"Ati George Sokomanu","qid":"Q755794","title":"President","office":"Presidents","quote":"Ati George Sokomanu, President (1984–1989)"},{"name":"Walter Lini","person":"Walter Lini","qid":"Q724686","title":"Prime minister","office":"Prime ministers","quote":"Walter Lini, Prime minister (1980–1991)"}]}],"source":{"name":"Wikipedia","title":"List of state leaders in the 20th century (1951–2000)","revid":1371751893,"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371751893","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","retrieved":"2026-10-22"},"checked":"Each holder is quoted from the list and kept for this year only where the person's own Wikidata record holds the same post over the same term, to within a year."},"hot100":{"weeks":[{"date":"1986-01-04","title":"Say You, Say Me","artist":"Lionel Richie"},{"date":"1986-01-11","title":"Say You, Say Me","artist":"Lionel Richie"},{"date":"1986-01-18","title":"That's What Friends Are For","artist":"Dionne and Friends"},{"date":"1986-01-25","title":"That's What Friends Are For","artist":"Dionne and Friends"},{"date":"1986-02-01","title":"That's What Friends Are For","artist":"Dionne and Friends"},{"date":"1986-02-08","title":"That's What Friends Are For","artist":"Dionne and Friends"},{"date":"1986-02-15","title":"How Will I Know","artist":"Whitney Houston"},{"date":"1986-02-22","title":"How Will I Know","artist":"Whitney Houston"},{"date":"1986-03-01","title":"Kyrie","artist":"Mr. Mister"},{"date":"1986-03-08","title":"Kyrie","artist":"Mr. Mister"},{"date":"1986-03-15","title":"Sara","artist":"Starship"},{"date":"1986-03-22","title":"These Dreams","artist":"Heart"},{"date":"1986-03-29","title":"Rock Me Amadeus","artist":"Falco"},{"date":"1986-04-05","title":"Rock Me Amadeus","artist":"Falco"},{"date":"1986-04-12","title":"Rock Me Amadeus","artist":"Falco"},{"date":"1986-04-19","title":"Kiss","artist":"Prince and the Revolution"},{"date":"1986-04-26","title":"Kiss","artist":"Prince and the Revolution"},{"date":"1986-05-03","title":"Addicted to Love","artist":"Robert Palmer"},{"date":"1986-05-10","title":"West End Girls","artist":"Pet Shop Boys"},{"date":"1986-05-17","title":"Greatest Love of All","artist":"Whitney Houston"},{"date":"1986-05-24","title":"Greatest Love of All","artist":"Whitney Houston"},{"date":"1986-05-31","title":"Greatest Love of All","artist":"Whitney Houston"},{"date":"1986-06-07","title":"Live to Tell","artist":"Madonna"},{"date":"1986-06-14","title":"On My Own","artist":"Patti LaBelle and Michael McDonald"},{"date":"1986-06-21","title":"On My Own","artist":"Patti LaBelle and Michael McDonald"},{"date":"1986-06-28","title":"On My Own","artist":"Patti LaBelle and Michael McDonald"},{"date":"1986-07-05","title":"There'll Be Sad Songs (To Make You Cry)","artist":"Billy Ocean"},{"date":"1986-07-12","title":"Holding Back the Years","artist":"Simply Red"},{"date":"1986-07-19","title":"Invisible Touch","artist":"Genesis"},{"date":"1986-07-26","title":"Sledgehammer","artist":"Peter Gabriel"},{"date":"1986-08-02","title":"Glory of Love","artist":"Peter Cetera"},{"date":"1986-08-09","title":"Glory of Love","artist":"Peter Cetera"},{"date":"1986-08-16","title":"Papa Don't Preach","artist":"Madonna"},{"date":"1986-08-23","title":"Papa Don't Preach","artist":"Madonna"},{"date":"1986-08-30","title":"Higher Love","artist":"Steve Winwood"},{"date":"1986-09-06","title":"Venus","artist":"Bananarama"},{"date":"1986-09-13","title":"Take My Breath Away","artist":"Berlin"},{"date":"1986-09-20","title":"Stuck with You","artist":"Huey Lewis and the News"},{"date":"1986-09-27","title":"Stuck with You","artist":"Huey Lewis and the News"},{"date":"1986-10-04","title":"Stuck with You","artist":"Huey Lewis and the News"},{"date":"1986-10-11","title":"When I Think of You","artist":"Janet Jackson"},{"date":"1986-10-18","title":"When I Think of You","artist":"Janet Jackson"},{"date":"1986-10-25","title":"True Colors","artist":"Cyndi Lauper"},{"date":"1986-11-01","title":"True Colors","artist":"Cyndi Lauper"},{"date":"1986-11-08","title":"Amanda","artist":"Boston"},{"date":"1986-11-15","title":"Amanda","artist":"Boston"},{"date":"1986-11-22","title":"Human","artist":"The Human League"},{"date":"1986-11-29","title":"You Give Love a Bad Name","artist":"Bon Jovi"},{"date":"1986-12-06","title":"The Next Time I Fall","artist":"Peter Cetera and Amy Grant"},{"date":"1986-12-13","title":"The Way It Is","artist":"Bruce Hornsby & the Range"},{"date":"1986-12-20","title":"Walk Like an Egyptian","artist":"The Bangles"},{"date":"1986-12-27","title":"Walk Like an Egyptian","artist":"The Bangles"}],"songs":[{"title":"Say You, Say Me","artist":"Lionel Richie","weeks":2},{"title":"That's What Friends Are For","artist":"Dionne and Friends","weeks":4},{"title":"How Will I Know","artist":"Whitney Houston","weeks":2},{"title":"Kyrie","artist":"Mr. Mister","weeks":2},{"title":"Sara","artist":"Starship","weeks":1},{"title":"These Dreams","artist":"Heart","weeks":1},{"title":"Rock Me Amadeus","artist":"Falco","weeks":3},{"title":"Kiss","artist":"Prince and the Revolution","weeks":2},{"title":"Addicted to Love","artist":"Robert Palmer","weeks":1},{"title":"West End Girls","artist":"Pet Shop Boys","weeks":1},{"title":"Greatest Love of All","artist":"Whitney Houston","weeks":3},{"title":"Live to Tell","artist":"Madonna","weeks":1},{"title":"On My Own","artist":"Patti LaBelle and Michael McDonald","weeks":3},{"title":"There'll Be Sad Songs (To Make You Cry)","artist":"Billy Ocean","weeks":1},{"title":"Holding Back the Years","artist":"Simply Red","weeks":1},{"title":"Invisible Touch","artist":"Genesis","weeks":1},{"title":"Sledgehammer","artist":"Peter Gabriel","weeks":1},{"title":"Glory of Love","artist":"Peter Cetera","weeks":2},{"title":"Papa Don't Preach","artist":"Madonna","weeks":2},{"title":"Higher Love","artist":"Steve Winwood","weeks":1},{"title":"Venus","artist":"Bananarama","weeks":1},{"title":"Take My Breath Away","artist":"Berlin","weeks":1},{"title":"Stuck with You","artist":"Huey Lewis and the News","weeks":3},{"title":"When I Think of You","artist":"Janet Jackson","weeks":2},{"title":"True Colors","artist":"Cyndi Lauper","weeks":2},{"title":"Amanda","artist":"Boston","weeks":2},{"title":"Human","artist":"The Human League","weeks":1},{"title":"You Give Love a Bad Name","artist":"Bon Jovi","weeks":1},{"title":"The Next Time I Fall","artist":"Peter Cetera and Amy Grant","weeks":1},{"title":"The Way It Is","artist":"Bruce Hornsby & the Range","weeks":1},{"title":"Walk Like an Egyptian","artist":"The Bangles","weeks":2}],"source":{"year":1986,"title":"List of Billboard Hot 100 number ones of 1986","revid":1362808943,"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362808943","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","retrieved":"2026-10-22"}},"births":[{"text":"March 28 – Lady Gaga, American singer, songwriter and actress","person":"Lady Gaga","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373510075#Births","title":"1986","revid":1373510075}},{"text":"October 24 – Drake, Canadian actor and hip-hop rapper","person":"Drake (musician)","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373510075#Births","title":"1986","revid":1373510075}},{"text":"May 28 – Seth Rollins, American professional wrestler","person":"Seth Rollins","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373510075#Births","title":"1986","revid":1373510075}},{"text":"December 27 – Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce, Jamaican sprinter","person":"Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373510075#Births","title":"1986","revid":1373510075}},{"text":"April 30 – Dianna Agron, American actress, singer and dancer","person":"Dianna Agron","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373510075#Births","title":"1986","revid":1373510075}},{"text":"May 1: Ryo Nurishi, football player","person":"Ryo Nurishi","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1348468377#Births","title":"1986 in Japan","revid":1348468377}},{"text":"February 10 – Radamel Falcao, Colombian footballer","person":"Radamel Falcao","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373510075#Births","title":"1986","revid":1373510075}},{"text":"April 5 – Charlotte Flair, wrestler, author, and actress","person":"Charlotte Flair","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373725960#Births","title":"1986 in the United States","revid":1373725960}},{"text":"December 1 – Andrew Tate, American-British Internet personality and former professional kickboxer","person":"Andrew Tate","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373510075#Births","title":"1986","revid":1373510075}},{"text":"December 8 – Amir Khan, British boxer","person":"Amir Khan (boxer)","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373510075#Births","title":"1986","revid":1373510075}},{"text":"May 13 – Robert Pattinson, English actor and musician","person":"Robert Pattinson","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373510075#Births","title":"1986","revid":1373510075}},{"text":"December 15 – Lauren Boebert, American politician","person":"Lauren Boebert","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373510075#Births","title":"1986","revid":1373510075}},{"text":"April 22 – Marshawn Lynch, American football player","person":"Marshawn Lynch","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373510075#Births","title":"1986","revid":1373510075}},{"text":"November 8 – Aaron Swartz, computer programmer, internet activist, and co-founder of Reddit (d. 2013)","person":"Aaron Swartz","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373725960#Births","title":"1986 in the United States","revid":1373725960}},{"text":"September 21 – Lindsey Stirling, American violinist, dancer, performance artist, and composer","person":"Lindsey Stirling","cite":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373510075#Births","title":"1986","revid":1373510075}}]}