date: December 8

text: December 8 – Louis the Stammerer is crowned by Hincmar as king (not emperor) of the West Frankish Kingdom, in the church of Compiègne. The imperial throne will remain vacant until 881.


section: Geopolitics & Diplomacy

text: Ceolwulf II is installed as puppet king of Mercia. The west of the kingdom comes under Ceolwulf's rule, while in the east the Five Boroughs begin as fortified Danish burhs.

source_section: Events › By place › Britain


date: August

section: Conflict & Security

text: August – Siege of Syracuse: The Aghlabids begin raiding the Byzantine territories, in the east of the island of Sicily. They besiege Syracuse, and blockade the fortress city by sea and land.

source_section: Events › By place › Europe


text: King Constantin I is killed fighting Viking raiders, at the "Black Cave" in Fife. He is succeeded by his brother Áed mac Cináeda as ruler of Alba (Scotland).


text: The Vikings invade Wales once more, and King Rhodri ap Merfyn ("the Great") of Gwynedd, Powys and Seisyllwg is forced to flee to Ireland (approximate date).


text: Autumn – King Alfred the Great raises a large force, and marches on the Viking camp at the city of Exeter. His army besieges the Great Summer Army, led by Guthrum, and forces the Vikings to surrender. They flee north to Gloucester, and settle in the Five Boroughs (modern East Midlands).


text: Battle of Strangford Lough: King Halfdan I leaves for Ireland, in an attempt to claim the Kingdom of Dublin from his rival Bárid mac Ímair. He is killed in battle at Strangford Lough, and a probable interregnum follows in York.


date: January 31

section: Births

text: January 31 – Wang Kon, founder of Goryeo (d. 943)

source_section: Births


date: September 10

text: September 10 – Eutychius, patriarch of Alexandria (d. 940)


text: Liu, Chinese empress of Qi (d. 943)


text: Fujiwara no Kanesuke, Japanese nobleman (d. 933)


text: Rudesind I, bishop of Mondoñedo (d. 907)


text: Wang Rong, Chinese warlord (d. 921)


text: Luo Shaowei, Chinese warlord (d. 910)


text: Pi Guangye, Chinese chancellor (d. 943)


text: Ælfthryth, English princess and countess of Flanders (d. 929)


date: August 5

section: Deaths

text: August 5 – Ubayd Allah ibn Yahya ibn Khaqan, Abbasid vizier

source_section: Deaths


date: October 23

text: October 23 – Ignatius, patriarch of Constantinople


text: October 23 – Photius I is reinstated as patriarch of Constantinople, after the death of Ignatius.

source_section: Events › By topic › Religion


text: Carloman, Frankish abbot (approximate date)


text: Engelram, Frankish chamberlain


text: Jayavarman III, king of the Khmer Empire (Cambodia)


text: Johannes Scotus Eriugena, Irish theologian (approximate date)


text: Ōe no Otondo, Japanese scholar (b. 811)


text: Wang Ying, Chinese rebel leader


text: King Jayavarman III dies after a 42-year reign. He is succeeded by his cousin Indravarman I, as ruler of the Khmer Empire (modern Cambodia).

source_section: Events › By place › Asia


text: Andrew the Scot, Irish archdeacon (approximate date)


text: Gérard II, Frankish nobleman (or 879)


text: Musa ibn Bugha al-Kabir, Abbasid general


text: Constantine I, king of Alba (Scotland)


text: Treaty of Wedmore: Guthrum agrees to a peace treaty and is baptised, taking the name of Aethelstan. England is divided between Wessex in the south, and the Vikings in the Danelaw up north. Guthrum returns to East Anglia.


date: January 6

text: January 6 – Battle of Chippenham: King Alfred the Great of Wessex is surprised by a Viking attack at Chippenham in Wiltshire. He is forced to flee, with his retinue, into the Somerset Levels for safety. From his headquarters at Athelney, Alfred wages guerrilla warfare against the Vikings.


date: March

text: March–April – Wilfred the Hairy (ruler of the Catalan counties) with other supporters of Louis the Stammerer (King of West Francia) defeat noble supporters of the rebel Bernard of Gothia.


date: May 21

text: May 21 – Siege of Syracuse: The Aghlabids capture the Byzantine fortress city of Syracuse, after a nine-month siege. Most of the population is massacred by the Arabs.

source_section: Events › By place › Arabian Empire


date: May

text: May – Battle of Edington: Supported by all the levies of Somerset, Wiltshire and Hampshire, Alfred the Great decisively defeats the main body of Danish Vikings, led by King Guthrum, at modern-day Edington, Wiltshire (near Bratton Castle).


text: Battle of Cynwit: Viking raiders, led by Ubba Ragnarsson, land on the coast at Combwich with 23 ships, and besiege a hillfort (called Cynwit) at Cannington, Somerset. Ealdorman Odda launches a surprise attack, and kills Ubba in battle.


text: King Rhodri the Great of Gwynedd, Powys and Seisyllwg, returns to his kingdoms, but is killed fighting the Mercians of King Ceolwulf II. His kingdoms are divided amongst his three sons: Anarawd, Merfyn and Cadell.


text: King Áed mac Cináeda of Scotland is killed in battle, by his rival Giric mac Dúngal. Giric becomes king of the Picts, and allies himself with Eochaid (grandson of Kenneth I). The two rule all of Alba (Scotland) together as joint-kings.


text: Reconquista: King Alfonso III of Asturias conquers the city of Coimbra (modern Portugal), which is under the Umayyad Caliphate.


text: Zanj Rebellion: The Zanj (black slaves from East Africa) in Mesopotamia seize Wasit (modern Iraq), and establish a presence in the Persian province of Khuzestan.


date: April 16

section: Religion & Belief

text: April 16 – The city of Belgrade is first mentioned in a papal letter to Boris I, ruler (khan) of the Bulgarian Empire.


date: September 7

text: September 7 – Pope John VIII crowns Louis the Stammerer as king of the West Frankish Kingdom, in the cathedral at Troyes.


text: The excommunication of Formosus is lifted, after he has promised never to return to Rome. He will become Pope in 891.


text: Poorna, the illegitimate grand-daughter of Shankara, unifies all of his teaching in the Upadeśasāhasrī.


date: September 11

section: Crime & Justice

text: September 11 – Bernard of Gothia is dispossessed of his titles by Louis.


text: Bardas Phokas the Elder, Byzantine general (d. 968)


text: Odo of Cluny, Frankish abbot (approximate date)


text: Ermentrude of France, daughter of Louis the Stammerer (or 875)


text: Krishna II, king of Rashtrakuta (India) (d. 914)


text: Miró II of Cerdanya, Frankish nobleman (approximate date)


text: Iljko, duke (knyaz) of Croatia


text: Run of Alt Clut, king of Strathclyde (approximate date)


text: Wang Xianzhi, Chinese rebel leader


text: Amoghavarsha I, king of Rashtrakuta (b. 800)


text: Áed mac Cináeda, king of Alba (Scotland)


text: Gauzfrid, Count of Maine, Frankish nobleman


text: Rhodri the Great, king of Wales


text: Abu Zur'a al-Razi, Muslim scholar


text: Anastasius Bibliothecarius, antipope of Rome (approximate date)


text: Ubba Ragnarsson, Viking chieftain


text: King Charles the Fat becomes ruler of the Kingdom of Italy, after the abdication of his brother Carloman of Bavaria, who has been incapacitated by a stroke.


text: Guangzhou Massacre: The Chinese rebel leader Huang Chao besieges the seaport in Guangzhou, and slaughters many of its inhabitants and foreign merchants. According to sources, the death toll ranges from 120,000 to 200,000 foreigners.


text: Zanj Rebellion: The Abbasid Caliphate concentrates its efforts against the Zanj rebels in Mesopotamia. The Abbasid general Al-Mu'tadid leads an expeditionary force (10,000 men) to suppress the revolt. This marks the turning-point of the war.


text: Oleg, brother-in-law of the Varangian ruler Rurik, is entrusted to take care of his kingdom Novgorod after his death. He becomes regent of his son Igor.


text: Viking leader Guthrum becomes 'king' of East Anglia. A Viking fleet sails up the River Thames, and builds a camp at Fulham (near London) to prepare for an invasion of France.


section: Exploration & Expansion

text: King Alfred the Great establishes a series of fortified villages (or burhs) to protect Wessex against Viking raids. He creates a standing army to defend the strategic ports, and builds a network of well-maintained army roads (known as herepaths).


date: June 7

text: June 7 – Pope John VIII recognizes the Duchy of Croatia, under Duke (knyaz) Branimir, as an independent state.


text: Wilfred the Hairy, count of Barcelona, founds the Benedictine monastery at Ripoll, in Catalonia (Spain).


text: Fourth Council of Constantinople: Emperor Basil I calls for a synod, and reinstates Photius I as patriarch of Constantinople.


date: September 17

text: September 17 – Charles the Simple, king of the West Frankish Kingdom (d. 929)


date: October 19

text: October 19 – Yingtian, empress of the Khitan Liao Dynasty (d. 953)


date: April 10

text: April 10 – King Louis the Stammerer dies at Compiègne, after a reign of 18 months. He is succeeded by his two sons, Louis III and Carloman II. They are crowned at Ferrières Abbey, and rule the West Frankish Kingdom together as joint-kings.


text: April 10 – Louis the Stammerer, king of the West Frankish Kingdom (b. 846)


date: April 18

text: April 18 – Seishi, empress of Japan (b. 810)


date: June 5

text: June 5 – Ya'qub ibn al-Layth, founder of the Saffarid Dynasty (b. 840)


text: Gérard II, Frankish nobleman (or 877)


text: Zdeslav, duke (knyaz) of Croatia


text: Ceolwulf II, king of Mercia (approximate date)


text: Li Wei, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty


text: Baldwin I, margrave of Flanders


text: Landulf II, bishop and count of Capua


text: Cormac mac Ciaran, Irish abbot


text: Ahmad ibn al-Khasib al-Jarjara'i, Muslim vizier


text: Baldwin I ("Iron Arm") dies, after 15 years as margrave of Flanders. He is buried in the Abbey of Saint Bertin (near Saint-Omer), and is succeeded by his son Baldwin II.


text: Áed Findliath, high king of Ireland


year_label: 88 CE

text: The First Dacian War ends: Decebalus becomes a client king of Rome, he receives money, craftsmen and war machines to protect the borders (limes) of the Roman Empire.

source_title: AD 88

source_section: Events › By place › Roman Empire


text: Two Egyptian obelisks are erected in Benevento in front of the Temple of Isis, in honour of Emperor Domitian.


text: Quintilian retires from teaching and from pleading, to compose his great work on the training of the orator (Institutio Oratoria).


text: Pope Clement I succeeds Pope Anacletus I as the fourth pope.


section: Culture & Society

text: Last year (4th) of yuanhe era and start of zhanghe era of the Chinese Eastern Han dynasty.


text: Dou Gu, Chinese general of the Han dynasty


text: Gaius Vettulenus Civica Cerealis, Roman politician


text: Han Zhangdi, Chinese emperor of the Han dynasty (b. AD 57)


date: December

text: December – Treaty of Ribemont: Louis the Younger and the kings of the West Frankish Kingdom sign a treaty. The young Frankish monarch, Louis III, is reduced to merely Neustria.


text: Fujiwara no Mototsune, Japanese statesman, creates the position of regent (kampaku) for himself. The Fujiwara clan will be able to dominate the government for more than 3 centuries.


date: February 2

text: February 2 – Battle of Lüneburg Heath: King Louis III is defeated by the Norse Great Heathen Army at Lüneburg Heath. The Saxons are routed in a snowstorm; many drown in the river or are captured during the retreat.


date: December 22

text: December 22 – Luoyang, eastern Chinese capital of the Tang dynasty, is captured by rebel leader Huang Chao, during the reign of emperor Xizong.


text: Battle of Cephalonia: A Byzantine fleet, under Admiral Nasar, is sent by Emperor Basil I to the Ionian Islands. Nasar defeats the Aghlabids in a night battle near Cephalonia (modern Greece).

source_section: Events › By place › Byzantine Empire


text: Battle of Fjaler: King Harald Fairhair moves east along the Norwegian coast with his fleet. He defeats his rival Atle Mjove at Fjaler in Sunnfjord, and lands with his longships at Tønsberg.


text: Battle of Thimeon: King Louis III ("the Younger") defeats Vikings (probably Norsemen) from England, near Charleroi, north of the River Sambre. During the battle 5,000 Vikings are killed.


date: May 1

text: May 1 – The Nea Ekklesia is inaugurated in Constantinople, by Patriarch Photius I, setting the model for all later cross-in-square Orthodox churches.


text: Pope John VIII issues the bull Industriae Tuae, creating an independent ecclesiastical province in Great Moravia, with archbishop Methodius as its head. Old Church Slavonic is recognized as the fourth liturgical language, besides Latin, Greek and Hebrew.


text: The first known Christian bishopric in Slovakia is established in the city of Nitra, with Wiching as bishop.


section: Technology & Infrastructure

text: The oldest known mention is made of the city of Dortmund (approximate date).


text: Sinan ibn Thabit, Muslim physician (d. 943)


text: Lambert II, co-ruler and king of Italy (approximate date)


text: Bernard the Dane, Viking nobleman (earl) (approximate date)


text: Hywel ap Cadell, king of Deheubarth (Wales) (approximate date)


text: Béatrice of Vermandois, Frankish queen (approximate date)


text: Abu Bakr ibn Yahya al-Suli, Muslim poet and scholar (d. 946)


text: Louis the Blind, Frankish king and Holy Roman Emperor (d. 928)


text: Æthelweard, son of Alfred the Great (approximate date)


text: Hugh of Arles, king of Italy and Lower Burgundy (or 881)


text: Rudolph II, Burgundian king and Holy Roman Emperor (d. 937)


text: Fujiwara no Tadahira, Japanese statesman and regent (d. 949)


text: Gagik I of Vaspurakan, Armenian king (approximate date)


text: February 2 – Bruno, duke of Saxony


date: March 22

text: March 22 – Carloman of Bavaria, Frankish king


text: Lambert I, duke of Spoleto (approximate date)


text: Guaifer of Salerno, Lombard prince


text: Hugh of Saxony, illegitimate son of Louis the Younger


text: Lothar I, Frankish nobleman (b. 840)


text: Ariwara no Narihira, Japanese waka poet (b. 825)


text: Ansgarde of Burgundy, Frankish queen (or 882)


text: Lambert I, duke of Spoleto, dies while besieging the city of Capua. He is succeeded by his son Guy II.


text: Sugawara no Koreyoshi, Japanese nobleman (b. 812)


text: Fatima al-Fihri, Arab university founder


date: August 3

text: August 3 – Battle of Saucourt-en-Vimeu: The West Frankish kings Louis III, and his brother Carloman II, rout Viking raiders (near Abbeville).


text: Anarawd, and his brothers Cadell and Merfyn, begin extensive military campaigns to quell resistance in Powys and Seisyllwg (approximate date).


text: Battle of the Conwy: King Anarawd of Gwynedd (Wales) initiates a revenge attack on the Mercian armies, and defeats them on the River Conwy.


text: Zanj Rebellion: Abbasid general Al-Muwaffaq lays siege to the Zanj capital of Mukhtara, using his base on the opposite side of the River Tigris.


date: February 12

text: February 12 – King Charles the Fat, the third son of the late Louis the German, is crowned as Holy Roman Emperor by Pope John VIII at Rome.


text: Bakong, the first temple mountain of sandstone, is constructed by rulers of the Khmer Empire (modern Cambodia) at Angkor.


section: Climate & Environment

text: 881 Acre earthquake: It takes place in the vicinity of Acre. Alexandria is reportedly affected by the same earthquake.


text: St. Cecilia's Church (Cäcilienkirche) is founded as a college for women. It is now home of the Schnütgen Museum in Cologne.


text: Hugh of Arles, king of Italy and Lower Burgundy (or 880)


text: Liu Churang, Chinese general (d. 943)


text: Conrad I, king of the East Frankish Kingdom (approximate date)


date: December 7

text: December 7 – Anspert, archbishop of Milan


text: John I, Frankish abbot (approximate date)


text: David I, prince of Iberia (Georgia)


text: Cui Hang, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty


text: Bárid mac Ímair, king of Dublin


text: Radi Abdullah, Muslim tenth Imam


text: Zhang Zhifang, Chinese general


text: Gabriel, prince of Kakheti (Georgia)


text: Liu Ye, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty


date: April 11

text: April 11 – Battle of Remich: A Frankish army under Bishop Wala of Metz is defeated by Vikings, who are on a raid, near Remich (modern Luxembourg). During the fighting Wala is killed.


text: Oleg of Novgorod takes Kiev, and makes it his capital, forming the Kievan Rus'.


text: King Alfred the Great increases the size of his new navy, and sails out to attack four Viking ships. Two of the ships are captured (before they surrender), and the other crews are killed.


text: Siege of Asselt: Charles the Fat besieges a Viking camp, who have plundered along the Meuse, the Rhine and the Moselle. He defeats their leader Godfrid, and grants him West Frisia.


date: December 16

text: December 16 – Pope John VIII is assassinated at Rome after a 10-year reign, probably the victim of a political conspiracy. He is succeeded by Marinus I, as the 108th pope of the Catholic Church.


text: December – Ishaq ibn Kundaj, a Turkic military leader, arrests the Abbasid caliph Al-Mu'tamid, when the latter (and his followers) try to flee into Tulunid territory.


date: February 8

text: February 8 – Muhammad ibn Tughj al-Ikhshid, founder of the Ikhshidid Dynasty (d. 946)


text: Saadia Gaon, Jewish philosopher and exegete (or 892)


text: Han Yanhui, Chinese Khitan chancellor (d. 959)


text: Feng Dao, Chinese prince and chancellor (d. 954)


text: Xia Luqi, general of the Later Tang Dynasty (d. 930)


text: Abu 'l-Asakir Jaysh ibn Khumarawayh, Muslim emir (approximate date)


text: Cao Zhongda, official and chancellor of Wuyue (d. 943)


date: January 20

text: January 20 – King Louis the Younger dies in Frankfurt. He leaves his territory to his younger brother, Emperor Charles the Fat, who becomes sole ruler of the East Frankish Kingdom.


text: January 20 – Louis the Younger, king of the East Frankish Kingdom


date: August 5

text: August 5 – King Carloman II becomes sole ruler of the West Frankish Kingdom, after the accidental death of his brother, Louis III. His power is limited by rebellious nobles in Burgundy.


text: August 5 – Louis III, king of the West Frankish Kingdom


text: December 16 – John VIII, pope of the Catholic Church


date: December 21

text: December 21 – Hincmar, archbishop of Reims (b. 806)


text: Ainbíth mac Áedo, Dál Fiatach king of Ulaid (Ireland)


text: Chen Tao, Chinese poet (b. 824)


text: Guaram Mampali, Georgian Bagratid prince


text: Lambert III, Frankish nobleman (b. 830)


text: Eudokia Ingerina, Byzantine empress (approximate date)


text: Eric Anundsson, Swedish king (approximate date)


text: Duan Yanmo, Chinese warlord (approximate date)


text: García Íñiguez I, king of Pamplona (approximate date)


text: Svatopluk I, ruler (knyaz) of Great Moravia, conquers Lower Pannonia (today's Southwestern Hungary and Northern Croatia), during the succession strife in the East Frankish Kingdom (approximate date).


date: September 11

text: September 11 – Yazaman al-Khadim, Abbasid governor of Tarsus, routs a Byzantine army under general Kesta Styppiotes, in a night attack. According to Arab chroniclers, 70,000 out of 100,000 Byzantine troops are killed.


text: The Zanj Rebellion: Abbasid general Al-Muwaffaq brings in Egyptian forces, to help him in his two-year siege of the Zanj capital Mukhtara. He captures the city, and crushes the revolt that has devastated Chaldea (modern Iraq) since 869.


text: King Charles the Fat travels to Nonantola (Northern Italy), where he meets Pope Marinus I. He receives complaints of Guy II of Spoleto, who is the official "protector" of Rome, and invades the Papal States. King Charles orders Guy to appear before a tribunal.


text: Spring – Viking raiders ravage Flanders, and sack the abbey at Saint-Quentin. King Carloman II blocks their passage at Laviers, which had been on the banks of the Somme. Meanwhile, Vikings enter the Rhine, but are turned back by Henry of Franconia (possibly a margrave of Saxony). They over-winter at Duisburg.


text: The first historic document (written by Regino of Prüm) mentions Duisburg.


section: Health & Medicine

text: Guy II of Spoleto begins a revolt, and assembles an army supported with Arab auxiliaries. King Charles the Fat sends Berengar of Friuli with an expeditionary force to deprive him of Spoleto. An epidemic ravages Berengar's army, and forces them to retire.


text: Zhao Jiliang, chancellor of Later Shu (d. 946)


text: Zhao Tingyin, Chinese general (d. 949)


text: Ibn Masarra, Muslim ascetic and scholar (d. 931)


text: Burchard II, duke of Swabia (or 884)


text: September 11 – Kesta Styppiotes, Byzantine general


text: Eochocán mac Áedo, king of Ulaid (Ireland)


text: Wang Jingchong, Chinese governor (b. 847)


text: Dawud al-Zahiri, Muslim scholar (or 884)


text: Yang Fuguang, Chinese general (b. 842)


text: Anselm of Farfa, Frankish abbot (approximate date)


text: Ignatius II, patriarch of Antioch


text: Ansegisus, archbishop of Sens (or 879)


text: Bertharius, Benedictine abbot and poet


date: March 4

text: March 4 – Emperor Yōzei is forced to abdicate the throne by Fujiwara no Mototsune, chancellor (kampaku) of the Japanese royal court. He is succeeded by his great-uncle Kōkō.


text: The Huang Chao rebellion is suppressed by forces of Emperor Xi Zong, with the help of the Shatuo Turks. Chinese warlords rule the country, instead of the imperial government.


text: Summer – King Carloman II reverts to the former fall-back of 'pay and pray', buying (with Danegeld) a truce at Amiens, while he raises 12,000 lbs of silver for the Vikings to depart.


date: March 1

text: March 1 – Diego Rodríguez Porcelos, count of Castile, founds and repopulates (repoblación) Burgos and Ubierna (Northern Spain), under the mandate of King Alfonso III of Asturias.


text: Fall – The Arabs sack the abbey of Monte Cassino in two raids (September and November). The bulk of the monastic community flee to Teano (Campania).


text: King Æthelred II of Mercia marries Princess Æthelflæd, daughter of King Alfred the Great. He accepts Wessex overlordship, and demotes himself to become "Lord of the Mercians".


text: Kong Xun, Chinese general and governor (d. 931)


text: Burchard II, duke of Swabia (or 883)


text: Zhang Yanhan, Chinese official and chancellor (d. 941)


date: January 6

text: January 6 – Hasan ibn Zayd, Muslim emir of Tabaristan


text: January 6 – Hasan ibn Zayd, founder of the Zaydid Dynasty, dies after a 20-year reign at Amul. He is succeeded by his brother Muhammad, as emir of Tabaristan.


date: May 10

text: May 10 – Ahmad ibn Tulun, founder of the Tulunid Dynasty, dies after a 15-year reign. He is succeeded by his son Khumarawayh, as ruler of Egypt and Syria.


text: May 10 – Ahmad ibn Tulun, Governor of Egypt and founder of the Tulunid dynasty (b. 835)


date: May 15

text: May 15 – Marinus I, pope of the Catholic Church


text: May 15 – Pope Marinus I dies at Rome, after a reign of less than 1½ years. He is succeeded by Adrian III (also referred to as Hadrian III), as the 109th pope of the Catholic Church.


date: June 11

text: June 11 – Shi Jingsi, general of the Tang Dynasty


date: June 29

text: June 29 – Yang Shili, general of the Tang Dynasty


date: July 13

text: July 13 – Huang Chao, Chinese rebel leader (b. 835)


date: September

text: September – Buran bint al-Hasan ibn Sahl, Abbasid consort (b. 807)


date: October 12

text: October 12 – Tsunesada, Japanese prince (b. 825)


date: December 12

text: December 12 – Carloman II, king of the West Frankish Kingdom


text: December 12 – Carloman II dies after a hunting accident. He is succeeded by his cousin, Emperor Charles the Fat, who for the last time reunites the Frankish Empire.


text: Dawud al-Zahiri, Muslim scholar (or 883)


date: November 25

text: November 25 – Siege of Paris: Viking forces, under the Norse chieftains Sigfred and Sinric, sail up the River Seine for eastern France, with a fleet of 300 longships (10,000 men). They appear before Paris, and offer to spare the city if they are allowed free passage, by paying them tribute (Danegeld). Their request is denied.


date: November 27

text: November 27 – The Vikings begin the Siege of Paris by attacking the northeast tower with ballistae, mangonels and catapults. All Viking attacks are repulsed by Count Odo, who defends the city with a small garrison (about 200 men). Sigfred decides to withdraw, and builds a camp on the right bank of the river. Meanwhile he mines the city, and scours the countryside for provisions.


text: Danish Vikings land in Kent and besiege Rochester. Town defences having been improved, the city holds out long enough for Alfred the Great to organize an army. He forces the Vikings to flee back across the Channel, to the Continent.


text: Battle of Tawahin: Muslim forces (4,000 men) of the Abbasid Caliphate, under Al-Mu'tadid, are defeated near Ramlah (modern Israel) by Khumarawayh, ruler of the Tulunid dynasty. This ends the Abbasid attempt to recover Syria from the Tulunids. A large part of the Abbasid army is captured, and transported to Egypt. Khumarawayh aims for reconciliation with the caliphal government, and allows the soldiers who want to return to modern-day Iraq to depart without ransom, while offering the rest the opportunity to settle in Egypt.


text: Kings Hyfaidd of Dyfed, Elisedd of Brycheiniog and Hywel of Glywysing, being harassed by the armies of King Anarawd in Wales, seek the protection of Alfred the Great, and submit to his overlordship. Anarawd seeks an alliance with King Guthred of York.


text: A naval force raised by Alfred the Great takes part in the two Battles of the River Stour.


text: King Alfred the Great summons Asser, a relative of Bishop Nobis of St. David's, to the English royal court. He agrees to spend six months of the year in the king's service. Asser helps to negotiate the recognition of Alfred, as overlord of the Welsh kings.


text: Summer – Emperor Charles the Fat summons a meeting of officials at Lobith (modern Netherlands), and accuses Hugh, an illegitimate son of former king Lothair II, and his vassal Godfrid, Duke of Frisia, of plotting against him. Hugh is blinded, and exiled to the Abbey of Saint Gall (modern Switzerland). Godfrid is killed by a group of Frisian and Saxon nobles, at the connivance of Henry of Franconia. The local count, Gerolf, takes over the West Frisian coastline from the Danish, after the murder.


date: February 6

text: February 6 – Daigo, emperor of Japan (d. 930)


date: February 11

text: February 11 – Li Congke, emperor of Later Tang (d. 937)


date: December 2

text: December 2 – Zhuang Zong, emperor of Later Tang (d. 926)


text: Eberhard III, duke of Franconia (d. 939)


text: Eric Bloodaxe, Norwegian Viking ruler (d. 954)


text: Fujiwara no Onshi, empress of Japan (d. 954)


text: Hyogong, king of Silla (Korea) (d. 912)


text: Ibn Muqla, Muslim official and vizier (or 886)


text: Gao Xingzhou, Chinese general (d. 952)


text: Zhao Ying, Chinese chancellor (d. 951)


text: Atto of Vercelli, Lombard bishop (d. 961)


text: Reccared, Galician clergyman (d. 923)


date: April 6

text: April 6 – Methodius, Byzantine missionary and bishop (b. 815)


date: June

text: June – Godfrid, Duke of Frisia, 'the Sea King', murdered


date: July 8

text: July 8 – Adrian III, pope of the Catholic Church


text: July 8 – Pope Adrian III dies after a 1½ reign near Modena (Lombardy), while en route to an Imperial Diet, summoned by Charles the Fat at Worms. He is succeeded by Stephen V, as the 110th pope of the Catholic Church.


date: July 25

text: July 25 – Ragenold, margrave of Neustria, killed


date: July

text: July/August – Sulayman ibn Wahb, Muslim official and vizier


date: November 17

text: November 17 – Liutgard of Saxony, Frankish queen


text: Summer – Charles the Fat designates his illegitimate son Bernard as his heir, ignoring the claims of his nephew, Arnulf of Carinthia (illegitimate son of Carloman of Bavaria), and Charles the Simple (5-year-old son of King Louis the Stammerer). The Frankish bishops protest, so Charles summons Pope Adrian III to an assembly in Worms, to resolve the issue. Adrian leaves Rome in the hands of Bishop John of Pavia and heads to Germany, but dies on the way, just after crossing the River Po.


text: Gerebald, bishop of Chalon-sur-Saône


text: Zhu Jingmei, Chinese eunuch and military leader, assassinated


text: Muiredach mac Brain, king of Leinster (Ireland)


text: Chen Ru, Chinese warlord and governor, killed


text: Mihira Bhoja, king of the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty (b. 836)


text: King Alfred receives the formal submission of all of the citizens of England not under Viking rule, and adopts the title King of the Anglo-Saxons.


date: October

text: October – Siege of Paris: Count Odo slips through Viking-controlled territory, to ask the king of West Francia Charles the Fat for support. He returns with a relief force, and reaches safety within the walls. Charles arrives later with a large army, and establishes a camp at Montmartre. After negotiations he promises the Vikings tribute (Danegeld) worth 700 Livres (equivalent to 257kg of silver), and allows them to sail up the River Seine, to over-winter in Burgundy.


date: December

text: December – Emperor Leo VI dismisses Patriarch Photius I, who has been his tutor, and replaces him with his own brother Stephen I.


text: The Glagolitic alphabet, devised by Cyril and Methodius, missionaries from Constantinople, is adopted in the Bulgarian Empire.


text: King Alfred the Great of Wessex recaptures London from the Danish Vikings, and renames it Lundenburh. Slightly upstream from London Bridge, he builds a small harbor called Queenhithe. Alfred hands the town over to his son-in-law Æthelred, lord of Mercia. A street system is planned out in the town, with boundaries of 1,100 yards from east to west, and around 330 yards from north to south.


date: March

text: March – A wide-ranging conspiracy against Emperor Basil I, led by John Kourkouas, is uncovered.


text: Boris I, ruler (khan) of the Bulgarian Empire, establishes the Preslav and Ohrid Literary Schools.


text: Ōnakatomi no Yorimoto, Japanese poet (approximate date)


text: Yang Wo, emperor of Wu (Ten Kingdoms) (d. 908)


text: Ibn Muqlah, Muslim official and vizier (or 885)


date: March 9

text: March 9 – Abu Ma'shar al-Balkhi, Muslim scholar and astrologer (b. 787)


date: August 29

text: August 29 – Basil I, emperor of the Byzantine Empire (b. 811)


text: August 29 – Emperor Basil I the Macedonian dies from a fever, contracted after a hunting accident. He is succeeded by the 19-year-old Leo VI, officially Basil's son, but reputedly a son of former emperor Michael III, as sole ruler (basileus) of the Byzantine Empire. After his coronation Leo reburies the remains of his reputed father Michael, with great ceremony in the imperial mausoleum, within the Church of the Holy Apostles in Constantinople.


text: Li Sigong, Chinese warlord (approximate date)


text: Fiachnae mac Ainbítha, king of Ulaid


text: Bernard Plantapilosa, Frankish nobleman (b. 841)


text: Min Xu, governor of the Tang Dynasty


text: Deorlaf, bishop of Hereford (approximate date)


text: Henry of Franconia, Frankish general


text: Muhammad I, Muslim emir of Córdoba (b. 823)


text: Heongang, king of Silla (Korea)


text: Airemón mac Áedo, king of Ulaid (Ireland)


text: Adalbert I, Frankish margrave (approximate date)


text: November 17 – East Frankish magnates revolt against the inept emperor Charles III (the Fat) in an assembly at Frankfurt, and depose him. His nephew Arnulf of Carinthia, the illegitimate son of former king Carloman of Bavaria, is elected ruler of the East Frankish Kingdom. Charles yields his throne without a struggle, and retires to Neidingen.


text: The city of Toledo rises against the Umayyad Dynasty, in Al-Andalus (modern Spain).

source_section: Events › By place › Al-Andalus


date: February 5

text: February 5 – Theodosius Romanus ascends as Syriac Orthodox patriarch of Antioch.


date: December 26

text: December 26 – In an assembly at Pavia (Northern Italy), the lords of Lombardia elect Berengar I, a grandson of former emperor Louis the Pious (through his daughter Gisela), as king of Italy. He is crowned with the Iron Crown of Lombardy. After the deposition of Charles the Fat, the nobility chooses Ranulf II as duke (or 'king') of Aquitaine.


text: Frederuna, queen of the West Frankish Kingdom (d. 917)


text: Song Qiqiu, chief strategist of Southern Tang (d. 959)


text: Qian Yuanguan, king of Wuyue (Ten Kingdoms) (d. 941)


date: January 11

text: January 11 – Boso of Provence, Frankish nobleman


text: April 6 – Pei Che, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty


date: July 6

text: July 6 – Wang Chongrong, Chinese warlord


date: August 26

text: August 26 – Kōkō, emperor of Japan (b. 830)


text: August 26 – Emperor Kōkō abdicates the throne and soon dies, after a 3-year reign. He is succeeded by his 20-year-old son Uda, as the 59th emperor of Japan.

source_section: Events › By place › Japan


date: September 18

text: September 18 – Pietro I Candiano, doge of Venice


date: September 24

text: September 24 – Gao Pian, general of the Tang Dynasty


text: Zhu Mei, Chinese warlord (approximate date)


text: Jeonggang, king of Silla (modern Korea)


text: Abbas ibn Firnas, Muslim physician and inventor (b. 810)


text: Ibn Majah, Muslim hadith compiler (or 889)


text: Sigurd Ragnarsson, King of Denmark


text: Xiao Gou, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty


text: Zheng Changtu, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty


text: Adarnase IV managed to unify most Georgian lands (except for Kakheti and Abkhazia) and was crowned King of the Iberians, restoring the monarchy abolished three centuries prior.


text: October – Alan I (the Great), count of Vannes, and his rival Judicael, unite their forces to defeat the Vikings at Questembert (or 889). Judicael is killed, in a notable victory for the Bretons, with 15,000 Vikings crushed, some few 400 escaping to their ships. In command of a 'united' Breton force, Alan is able to drive the Vikings back to the Loire River. Alan becomes sole ruler of Brittany, and over the Frankish counties of Rennes, Nantes, Coutances and Avranches.


text: October – Battle of Milazzo: The Aghlabids score a crushing victory over a Byzantine fleet off Sicily.


text: Winter – King Arnulf of Carinthia leads an East Frankish expedition into Italy, after he is recognized as overlord of France and Burgundy. Arnulf descends with an army over the Brenner Pass, and meets King Berengar I at a peace conference at Trento. Berengar grants him two counties in the Val d'Adige (Northern Italy), and does homage to Arnulf as overlord. In turn, Arnulf confirms Berengar as king of Lombardia, and returns to Germany.


text: The Aghlabids issue decrees according to which Jews and Christians are to wear a patch (ruq'a) of white fabric on their shoulder of their outer garment, with the patch for Jews depicting an ape and that for the Christians depicting a pig.


text: Shaftesbury Abbey is founded by King Alfred the Great in Dorset. He installs his daughter Æthelgifu as first abbess (approximate date).


text: Lord Æthelred II of the Mercians is struck down with a debilitating illness. His wife, Princess Æthelflæd (a daughter of Alfred the Great) of Wessex, joins him as joint ruler of Mercia (approximate date).


date: October 20

text: October 20 – Zhu Youzhen, emperor of Later Liang (d. 923)


text: Vratislaus I, duke of Bohemia (approximate date)


text: Liu Xu, chancellor of Later Tang and Later Jin (d. 947)


text: Zhu Yougui, emperor of Later Liang (approximate date)


date: January 13

text: January 13 – Emperor Charles III (the Fat) dies at Neidingen, after having suffered repeat bouts of an illness that may have been epilepsy. The Frankish Empire is split again, and falls apart into separate kingdoms. Count Odo, the hero of the Siege of Paris, is elected king of the West Frankish Kingdom, and crowned at Compiègne by Walter, archbishop of Sens. Other Frankish noblemen support the 8-year-old Charles the Simple (the posthumous son of the late king Louis the Stammerer).


text: January 13 – Charles the Fat, Frankish emperor (b. 839)


date: April 20

text: April 20 – Xi Zong, emperor of the Tang Dynasty (b. 862)


text: April 20 – Emperor Xi Zong (Li Xuan) dies of illness at Chang'an, after a 14-year reign. He is succeeded by his 21-year-old brother Zhao Zong, as ruler of the Tang Dynasty.

source_section: Events › By place › China


date: June 11

text: June 11 – Rimbert, archbishop of Bremen (b. 830)


date: June 30

text: June 30 – Æthelred, archbishop of Canterbury


text: Cerball mac Dúnlainge, king of Osraige (Ireland)


text: Zhou Bao, Chinese general (b. 814)


text: Sichfrith mac Ímair, king of Dublin


text: Al-Mundhir, Muslim emir of Córdoba


text: Áed mac Conchobair, king of Connacht (Ireland)


text: Ingelger, founder of the House of Anjou


text: Judicael, duke of Brittany (or 889)


text: Al-Mundhir, Moorish emir of Córdoba, dies after a two-year reign (possibly murdered by his brother Abdullah ibn Muhammad al-Umawi, who succeeds him as ruler of the Emirate of Córdoba).


date: April

text: April – The Japanese era Ninna ends and Kanpyō begins, lasting until 898.


text: In Italy, Forlì becomes a republic for the first time. The city is allied with the Ghibelline faction, in the medieval struggles between the Guelphs and Ghibellines.


text: Boris I, ruler (khan) of the Bulgarian Empire, abdicates the throne after a 37-year reign, and retires to a monastery. He is succeeded by his eldest son Vladimir, as monarch of Bulgaria. Vladimir falls under the influence of the old boyars; many remain anti-Christian and anti-Byzantine. He attempts to restore the former Frankish alliance, and to reestablish paganism.


text: In Portugal, the count of Coimbra, Hermenegildo Gutiérrez, reconquers Coimbra, which was temporarily lost after the first conquest of 878.


text: Lord Æthelred II and Lady Æthelflæd (a daughter of king Alfred the Great) of the Mercians begin their policy of fortifying Mercian cities as defensive burghs, starting with Worcester (approximate date).


text: Kings Eochaid and Giric of Alba and Strathclyde (modern Scotland) are deposed by Viking invaders. They are succeeded by Donald II, the son of the late Constantine I, who becomes king of Scotland.


text: The Unified Silla kingdom (modern Korea) under King Jinseong seeks to collect taxes by force from peasants, setting off massive peasant rebellions (approximate date).


text: The Magyars, an Ugric tribe from the steppe of Central Asia, move west under the leadership of Árpád. They are pushed by their rivals, the Pechenegs, into the Balkan Peninsula, and become entangled in a war between Bulgaria and the Byzantine Empire. The Magyars head north and settle in Great Moravia.


text: A ship carrying about twenty Arab freebooters, from Pechina in Al-Andalus (modern Spain), sets anchor in the Gulf of Saint-Tropez in Provence. They establish a fortified base at Fraxinet (modern-day La Garde-Freinet). After raiding the surrounding area, the Muslim colony is bolstered by contingents of Saracen adventurers.


text: Bongwon Temple, located in Seoul (modern South Korea), is founded by the Korean Buddhist master Doseon.


text: Guy III, duke of Spoleto, defeats the Lombard king Berengar I at the Trebbia River, and is acclaimed as king of Italy at an assembly in Pavia. After confirming some privileges to the Catholic Church, he is crowned with the Iron Crown of Lombardy, by Pope Stephen V. Berengar is forced to retreat to Verona; Guy does not pursue him into Friuli, because of the (possible) wrath of King Arnulf of Carinthia.


section: Economy & Finance

text: Arnulf of Carinthia has his illegitimate son Zwentibold recognized, as heir of the East Frankish Kingdom. He supports the claim of Louis the Blind as king of Provence, after receiving a personal appeal from Louis's mother, Ermengard, who comes to see Arnulf at Forchheim (Northern Bavaria). Arnulf grants the town of Osnabrück trade and coinage privileges.


date: January 7

text: January 7 – Li Bian, emperor of Southern Tang (d. 943)


text: January 11 – Abd al-Rahman III, Muslim caliph (or 891)


text: Minamoto no Kintada, Japanese waka poet (d. 948)


text: Liu Yan, emperor of Southern Han (d. 942)


date: June 9

text: June 9 – Aimoin, Frankish monk and archivist


date: December 23

text: December 23 – Solomon II, bishop of Constance


text: Indravarman I, king of the Khmer Empire (or 890)


text: Sa'id ibn Makhlad, Muslim vizier


text: Ibn Marwan, Muslim Sufi leader (approximate date)


text: Wilbert, archbishop of Cologne


text: Judicael, duke of Brittany (or 888)


text: Zhao Chou, Chinese warlord (b. 824)


text: Bořivoj I, duke of Bohemia (approximate date)


text: Ibn Qutaybah, Muslim scholar (b. 828)


text: Indravarman I, ruler of the Khmer Empire (modern Cambodia), dies and is succeeded by his son Yasovarman I, called the Leper King (or 890).


year_label: 89 CE

date: January 1

text: January 1 – Lucius Antonius Saturninus incites a revolt against Emperor Domitian (it is suppressed by January 24).

source_title: AD 89


date: June

text: June – Battle of Ikh Bayan: The Han Chinese army under Dou Xian, allied with the southern Xiongnu, is victorious over the Northern Xiongnu.


text: Legio XIII Gemina is transferred to Dacia, to help in the war against King Decebalus.


text: Aquincum (old Budapest, Óbuda) is founded (approximate date).


text: First year of Yongyuan era of the Chinese Han dynasty.


text: Sindae, Korean ruler of Goguryeo (d. 179)


text: Polycarpus I, Greek bishop of Byzantium


text: Polycarpus I, Greek bishop of Byzantium, dies after a 20-year reign and is succeeded by Plutarch.


text: Lucius Antonius Saturninus, Roman politician and general


text: The sovereignty of Svatopluk I, ruler (knyaz) of Moravia, is confirmed in Bohemia. Lusatia becomes a part of his kingdom (approximate date).


text: In March or April 890, the ambitious warlord Zhu Quanzhong (later called Zhu Wen) faced a mutiny at Suzhou and was unable to retake the city. He pressured Emperor Zhaozong of Tang China to launch a campaign against his primary rival, Li Keyong. By winter 890, Zhu strategically shifted his focus northward, giving up his claim to the Huainan Circuit after failing to take it.


text: Ohthere of Hålogaland, a Norse Viking seafarer, narrates the story of his travels to Alfred the Great, who arranges for it to be written down.

source_section: Events › By place › Europe › Britain


text: Lord Æthelred II and Lady Æthelflæd (a daughter of Alfred the Great) of the Mercians found the Priory of St. Oswald in Gloucester (probably originally dedicated to St. Peter).


text: King Alfred the Great begins to commission and undertake a series of translations into Old English, beginning with his own version of Pope Gregory the Great's Pastoral Care.


text: King Donald II of Scotland expels the British aristocracy of Strathclyde. They flee south to North Wales.


text: The Frankish nobles, who have ruled Provence in anarchy (since 887), declare Louis the Blind (a son of the late usurper King Boso) ruler of Lower Burgundy, at an assembly at Valence.


text: King Anarawd ap Rhodri of Gwynedd makes the first ceremonial visit to an English court (that of Alfred the Great).


text: Olga of Kiev, princess and regent of Russia (approximate date)


text: Marozia of the Rule of the Harlots, Roman noblewoman (approximate date)


text: Gorm the Old, Danish Viking king (approximate date)


text: Motoyoshi, Japanese prince and nobleman (d. 943)


text: Gilbert, duke of Lotharingia (or Lorraine) (approximate date)


text: Olaf Feilan, Icelandic priest and chieftain (approximate date)


text: Reginar II, Frankish nobleman (d. 932)


text: Arnulf I, count of Flanders (approximate date)


text: Lady Ma, wife of Qian Yuanguan (d. 939)


text: Rudolph, Frankish king (approximate date)


text: Ulrich, bishop of Augsburg (approximate date)


date: February 12

text: February 12 – Henjō, Japanese waka poet (b. 816)


date: August 5

text: August 5 – Ranulf II, duke of Aquitaine (b. 850)


text: Guthrum, Danish Viking king (approximate date)


text: Anandavardhana, Indian philosopher (b. 820)


text: Ashot I (the Great), king of Armenia


text: Askericus, archbishop of Paris (approximate date)


text: Æthelhelm, king of Wessex (approximate date)


text: Land ingen Dúngaile, princess of Osraige


text: Aldalhard II, Frankish nobleman


text: Abu Hatim al-Razi, Muslim hadith scholar (b. 811)


text: Arib al-Ma'muniyya (July/August) was the poet, singer of the Abbasid Court.


text: Summer – Orso, Lombard prince of Benevento, is deposed after the capture of Benevento by the Byzantines. Benevento becomes the capital of the thema of Longobardia.


text: Battle of Leuven: Viking raiders on the Dyle River (near Leuven), in modern-day Belgium, suffer a crushing defeat by Frankish forces under King Arnulf of Carinthia.


text: Muslim forces led by Abdullah ibn Muhammad al-Umawi, Umayyad emir of Córdoba, defeat the rebel leader Umar ibn Hafsun at Poley, in Al-Andalus (modern Spain).

source_section: Events › By place › Emirate of Córdoba


date: February 21

text: February 21 – Guy III, duke of Spoleto, is crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Stephen V. His son Lambert is proclaimed king of Italy, at the capital of Pavia in Lombardy.


text: Yuan Dezhao, Chinese chancellor (d. 968)


text: Abd al-Rahman III, Umayyad caliph (or 889)


text: Ali ibn Buya, founder of the Buyid Dynasty (or 892)


text: Lin Ding, Chinese official and chancellor (d. 944)


text: Gao Conghui, prince and ruler of Jingnan (d. 948)


date: February 25

text: February 25 – Fujiwara no Mototsune, Japanese regent (b. 836)


text: February 25 – Fujiwara no Mototsune, a Japanese statesman, dies. In his lifetime, he had forced the resignation of Emperor Yōzei and become head of the Fujiwara clan.


date: June 2

text: June 2 – Al-Muwaffaq, Abbasid prince and regent (b. 842)


text: June 2 – Al-Muwaffaq, an Abbasid prince and Commander-in-chief, dies at the capital of Baghdad. His son Al-Mu'tadid is recognized as regent, and second heir of the Abbasid Caliphate.

source_section: Events › By place › Arabian Empire (Caliphate)


date: June 25

text: June 25 – Sunderolt, archbishop of Mainz


date: September 14

text: September 14 – Pope Stephen V dies after a 6-year reign. He is succeeded by Formosus, former cardinal bishop of Portus, as the 111th pope of the Catholic Church.


text: September 14 – Stephen V, pope of the Catholic Church


date: October 23

text: October 23 – Yazaman al-Khadim, Abbasid emir


text: Enchin, Japanese Buddhist monk (b. 814)


text: Wang Hui, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty


text: Chen Yan, Chinese warlord and governor


text: Mutimir of Serbia, ruler of Principality of Serbia


text: Gu Yanlang, Chinese warlord and governor


text: Isma'il ibn Bulbul, Abbasid official and vizier


text: Vladimir, ruler (knyaz) of the Bulgarian Empire, signs a military alliance with Arnulf of Carinthia of the East Frankish Kingdom. This alliance works against the pro-Byzantine policy of his father.


date: May

text: May – Ibrahim II, Aghlabid emir of Ifriqiya, sends a large army to Palermo, to impose Arab authority from Kairouan. After an uprising, the Sicilians make a bid for independence.


text: Autumn – A Viking force with a fleet of 250 longships arrives at the river mouth of the settlement of Lympne (East Kent). They attack the small fortification (called Eorpeburnan).


text: Viking raiders (80 ships) under Hastein arrive in the Thames Estuary, and set up camp at Middleton. King Alfred the Great decides to position his army in the Wealden Forest.


text: Summer – Poppo II, duke of Thuringia (Central Germany), is deposed by King Arnulf of Carinthia. East Frankish forces and their Magyar (Hungarian) allies invade Great Moravia.


text: Bagratid Armenia conquers Dwin City from the Arabs.


text: Former Silla general Kyŏn Hwŏn seizes the cities of Wansanju and Mujinju, taking over the territory of Baekje. He wins the support of the people, and declares himself king.


date: March 30

text: March 30 – Shi Jingtang, founder of the Later Jin Dynasty (d. 942)


text: Zhang, empress consort of Zhu Youzhen (d. 915)


text: Ali ibn Buya, founder of the Buyid Dynasty (or 891)


text: Wang Yuanying, crown prince of Former Shu (d. 913)


text: Wang Sitong, Chinese general and governor (d. 934)


text: Ai (Li Zhou), emperor (puppet ruler) of the Tang Dynasty (d. 908)


text: Jing Yanguang, Chinese general and governor (d. 947)


text: Dou Zhengu, Chinese official and chancellor (d. 969)


text: Saadia Gaon, Jewish philosopher and exegete (or 882)


text: Guibert, founder of Gembloux Abbey (d. 962)


text: April – Al-Mu'tadid, the de facto regent of the Abbasid Caliphate, removes his cousin Al-Mufawwad from succession. He becomes caliph himself, after the death of Al-Mu'tamid, returning the capital from Samarra to Baghdad.


date: August 29

text: August 29 – Theodora of Thessaloniki, Byzantine nun and saint (b. 812)


date: October 9

text: October 9 – Al-Tirmidhi, Persian scholar and hadith compiler (b. 824)


date: October 15

text: October 15 – Al-Mu'tamid, Muslim caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate


text: Sigurd Eysteinsson, Norse Earl of Orkney


text: Sun Ru, Chinese warlord and governor


text: Yang Shouliang, Chinese warlord and governor


text: Nasr I, Muslim emir of the Samanid Empire


text: Zhao Deyin, Chinese warlord and chancellor


text: Branimir, ruler (knyaz) of Croatia (approximate date)


text: Summer – The Persian nobility installs Isma'il ibn Ahmad, the former governor of Transoxiana, as ruler (emir) of the Samanid Empire, after the death of his brother Nasr I.


text: Berengaudus, Frankish Benedictine monk (b. 840)


text: Bernard, illegitimate son of Charles the Fat (or 891)


text: Galindo II Aznárez succeeds his father Aznar II Galíndez as count of Aragon (until 922).


text: An East Frankish expeditionary force under Zwentibold, the eldest son of King Arnulf of Carinthia, crosses the Alps into Friuli. He makes junction at Verona, with the army of the deposed king Berengar I, and proceeds to lay siege to Pavia. After a three-month campaign, Zwentibold receives orders to head back to Bavaria, in case of a Magyar intervention.


text: Vladimir, ruler (khan) of the Bulgarian Empire, is dethroned by his father Boris I, with help from loyal boyars. He is blinded, and succeeded by his brother Simeon I, as prince of Bulgaria; the capital is moved from Pliska to Preslav. Simeon makes an alliance with the Pechenegs (or Patzinaks), a semi-nomad Turkic tribe from the Central Asian steppes.


text: Autumn – Danish Vikings under Hastein take the city of Chester, after a rapid march from East Anglia. Alfred the Great destroys the food supplies, forcing them to move into Wales.


text: Summer – Battle of Buttington: A combined Welsh and Mercian army under Lord Æthelred besieges a Viking camp at Buttington in Wales. The Danes escape with heavy losses, and take their families to safety in East Anglia.


text: Spring – A Viking army under Hastein moves to a fortified camp at Benfleet (Essex). The Danish camp is captured by the Saxons, while the army is out raiding. Hastein is forced to retreat to Shoebury.


text: Spring – Prince Edward, the son of King Alfred the Great, defeats the Danish Viking raiders at Farnham, and forces them to take refuge on Thorney Island. At the same time, Danes from East Anglia sail around the Cornish coast, and besiege Exeter.


text: King Alfonso III repopulates the city of Zamora with Mozarabs (Iberian Christians who have lived under Moorish rule) from Toledo in Al-Andalus (modern Spain).


text: King Yasovarman I (called the Leper King) of the Khmer Empire (modern Cambodia) dedicates the Lolei Temple of the Roluos group to the god Shiva and the royal family.


text: Council of Preslav: The Byzantine clergy is expelled from Bulgaria, and the Greek language is replaced with Old Bulgarian (also known as Old Church Slavonic), as an official language.


text: The 13-year-old Charles III (the Simple), the posthumous son of Louis the Stammerer, is crowned king of the West Frankish Kingdom at the Reims Cathedral—though he is not recognized as such by King Odo (or Eudes) until 898.


text: Spring – Caliph Al-Mu'tadid recognizes Khumarawayh as autonomous emir over Egypt and Syria, in exchange for an annual tribute of 300,000 dinars. The Jazira provinces of Diyar Rabi'a and Diyar Mudar are returned to the Abbasid Caliphate. Muslim forces recover direct control of Mosul (modern Iraq) from the Shayban.


text: Asser, bishop of Sherborne, writes his Life of King Alfred in Wessex. He studies for 6 months each year in Alfred's household.


date: March 23

text: March 23 – 893 Ardabil earthquake. Several earthquake catalogues and historical sources describe this earthquake as a destructive earthquake that struck the city of Ardabil, Iran. The magnitude is unknown, but the death toll was reported to be very large. The USGS, in their "List of Earthquakes with 50,000 or More Deaths", give an estimate that 150,000 were killed, which would make it the ninth deadliest earthquake in history.

source_section: Events › By place › Eurasia


date: December 28

text: December 28 – An earthquake destroys the city of Dvin in Armenia.


text: Wu Cheng, Chinese politician and chancellor (d. 965)


text: Chen Jinfeng, empress consort of Wang Yanjun (d. 935)


text: William I (Longsword), duke of Normandy (approximate date)


text: Ulrich (or Odalrici), bishop of Augsburg (d. 973)


text: Louis the Child, king of the East Frankish Kingdom (d. 911)


text: Al-Qa'im bi-Amr Allah, caliph of the Fatimid Caliphate (d. 946)


text: Hamza al-Isfahani, Persian historian (approximate date)


text: Flodoard, Frankish canon and chronicler (or 894)


text: Li Hao, Chinese official and chancellor (approximate date)


text: Cunigunda, Frankish noblewoman (approximate date)


text: Abu Muhammad al-Hasan, Arab Muslim geographer (d. 945)


date: April 26

text: April 26 – Chen Jingxuan, general of the Tang dynasty


date: May 9

text: May 9 – Shi Pu, warlord of the Tang dynasty


date: May 18

text: May 18 – Stephen I, patriarch of Constantinople (b. 867)


date: September 18

text: September 18 – Zhang Xiong, Chinese warlord


date: December 26

text: December 26 – Masrur al-Balkhi, Muslim general


text: Theodard, archbishop of Narbonne (approximate date)


text: Li Kuangwei, warlord of the Tang dynasty


text: Du Rangneng, Chinese chancellor (b. 841)


text: Zhou Yue, Chinese warlord and governor


text: Theophano Martiniake, Byzantine empress


text: Tian Lingzi, Chinese eunuch commander


text: Ariwara no Yukihira, Japanese governor (b. 818)


text: Aznar II Galíndez, count of Aragon (Spain)


text: Bécc mac Airemóin, king of Ulaid (Ireland)


text: Emperor Uda orders commercial relations (called Imperial Japanese embassies to China) to cease with China (approximate date).


date: March

text: March – Arnulf of Carinthia proceeds to Piacenza, and from there invades central Italy. After a successful campaign, he calls the invasion off and returns to Pavia – probably because Duke Rudolph I of Burgundy was threatening to invade Lorraine. Arnulf has himself proclaimed King of Italy at Pavia, leaving Berengar I as his vice-regent in Italy.


text: The Vikings in Northumbria and East Anglia swear allegiance and hand over hostages to King Alfred the Great, but promptly break their truce by attacking the southwest of England. A Viking force returns from Exeter and sails along the coast, in an attempt to plunder Chichester. They are defeated by the Saxon garrison, losing many ships and men.


text: Prince Petar of Serbia defeats his revolting cousin Bran; he is captured and blinded (according to a Byzantine tradition that meant to disqualify a person from taking the throne).


text: Spring – King Arnulf of Carinthia invades Italy at the head of an East Frankish expeditionary army, joining up with the deposed king Berengar I at Verona. He conquers Brescia after little resistance, and sacks Bergamo after a one-month siege. The cities of Milan and Pavia open their doors to Arnulf. Emperor Guy III escapes from Pavia, to hide in the mountains of Spoleto (Umbria).


text: King Anarawd of Gwynedd's shaky alliance with the Vikings collapses. His kingdom is ravaged by the Norsemen. Anarawd is forced to ask for help from Alfred the Great and submits to his overlordship. Alfred imposes oppressive terms and forces Anarawd's confirmation in the Christian Church, with Alfred as 'godfather'.


text: Árpád, head of the confederation of the Hungarian tribes, comes to an agreement with the prince of the Moravians, Svatopluk II, that Hungarian and Moravian armies will together expel the Eastern Franks from Pannonia.


text: Arnulf of Carinthia returns to Germany through the Alps, harried by militias dispatched by Rudolph I of Burgundy and margrave Anscar I of Ivrea. Only with much difficulty is Arnulf able to get his army through the Aosta Valley and through St. Moritz, back into Germany. Guy III descends from the Apennines, and re-seizes the Italian kingdom.


text: Byzantine–Bulgarian War: Stylianos Zaoutzes, leading minister and basileopator, convinces Emperor Leo VI (the Wise) to move the Bulgarian market from Constantinople to Thessaloniki. This affects the commercial importance of Bulgarian trade. Simeon I, ruler (khan) of the Bulgarian Empire, mobilizes his Bulgarian forces and invades Byzantine territory, ravaging the countryside.


text: Autumn – Battle of Benfleet: Danish Viking forces retire to Essex, after being deprived of food by Alfred the Great (see 893). They draw their longships up the Thames and into the Lea, entrenching themselves at Benfleet.


text: Matilda of Ringelheim, queen of Germany (approximate date)


text: Minamoto no Tsunemoto, Japanese prince and samurai (d. 961)


text: Ono no Michikaze, Japanese calligrapher (d. 966)


text: Æthelstan, king of England (approximate date)


text: Emma, queen of the West Frankish Kingdom (d. 934)


text: Flodoard, Frankish canon and chronicler (or 893)


text: Michael Maleinos, Byzantine nobleman and monk (d. 963)


date: April 8

text: April 8 – Adalelm, Frankish nobleman


date: August 31

text: August 31 – Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Ta'i, Muslim governor


date: December 12

text: December 12 – Guy III, king of Italy and Holy Roman Emperor


date: December

text: December – Guy III dies after a 4-year reign, and is succeeded by his 14-year-old son Lambert, already associated as co-emperor since 892. At the pleading of Archbishop Fulk of Reims, Pope Formosus reconciles with the young emperor. Lambert proceeds from Spoleto to Pavia, where he is acclaimed and crowned with the Iron Crown of Lombardy.


text: Kang Junli, general of the Tang Dynasty (b. 847)


text: Ali ebn-e Sahl Esfahani, Persian mystic


text: Deng Chuna, Chinese warlord and governor


text: Dae Hyeonseok, king of Balhae (Korea)


text: Svatopluk I, ruler (knyaz) of Great Moravia


text: Cynemund, bishop of Hereford (approximate date)


text: Yang Fugong, Chinese eunuch official


text: Svatopluk I, ruler (knyaz) of Great Moravia, dies after a 34-year reign, in which he has united the Slavic tribes in his kingdom. He is succeeded by his eldest son Mojmir II. The Principality of Nitra (modern-day Slovakia) is given as an appanage to his brother Svatopluk II.


text: Ibn Abi al-Dunya, Muslim scholar


text: December – Arnulf of Carinthia invades Italy, at the head of an East Frankish expeditionary army. He arrives in Pavia and reorganizes the Lombard state. Arnulf partitions the northern part of the kingdom: the western half (March of Lombardy) and the eastern half (March of Verona).


text: The Magyars are expelled from western Siberia, and settle in the Carpathian Basin, under the leadership of Árpád (the traditional date of 896 held during the 20th century has proved to be erroneous). Emperor Leo VI (the Wise) seeks aid from the Magyars, and after crossing the Danube on Byzantine ships, they ravage Bulgarian territory.


text: King Anarawd of Gwynedd is supplied with English troops, to assist in his reconquest of Seisyllwg (Wales). He is successful, and his brother Cadell is finally able to take his rightful place on the Seisyllwg throne.


text: Arnulf of Carinthia crosses the Po River and divides his army in two: one corps (Swabian) proceeds to Florence (via Bologna), while the other corps (Franks) moves through the Lunigiana to the precincts of Rome.


text: Spytihněv I, duke of Bohemia, together with the Slavník prince Witizla, breaks away from Great Moravia, and swears allegiance to Arnulf of Carinthia in Regensburg.


text: King Odo (or Eudes) takes a large army against Rheims, and forces anti-king Charles the Simple to flee to Germany. King Arnulf of Carinthia, throwing off his agreements with Odo, charges his illegitimate son Zwentibold to invade the West Frankish Kingdom, and re-install Charles on the throne.


text: Guy IV, duke of Spoleto, conquers Benevento (after the Byzantines have moved the capital of Byzantine Italy from Benevento to Bari). Guy makes himself prince, thereby uniting the two Italian states. The Byzantines attempt to retake Benevento, but are defeated by Lombard troops.


text: Simeon I (the Great), ruler (khan) of the Bulgarian Empire, seeks refuge in the fortress of Drastar, while the Magyars reach the outskirts of the capital Preslav. Facing a difficult situation with war on two fronts, Simeon calls for a truce. Leo VI sends the diplomat Leo Choirosphaktes to Bulgaria, to negotiate the terms.


text: Hamdan ibn Hamdun, a Taghlibi Arab chieftain, is defeated and captured by Caliph Al-Mu'tadid at the fortress of Mardin (near modern Cizre). Hamdan's son Husayn enters Abbasid service, beginning the rise of the Hamdanid Dynasty.


text: Autumn – King Alfred the Great blockades the Lea River and builds fortifications, trapping the Danish Vikings at Hertford. They abandon their longships and escape to Bridgnorth, located in the Severn Valley.


date: May

text: May – Arnulf of Carinthia summons the Imperial Diet in his residence at Worms. Angered by the non-appearance of Charles the Simple, he again supports Odo's claim to the throne of the West Frankish Kingdom. In the same assembly, he crowns Zwentibold as king of Lotharingia.


text: The Musica enchiriadis is composed, marking the beginning of western polyphonic music (approximate date).

source_section: Events › By topic › Music


text: Birth of Topiltzin, future emperor of the Toltec Empire, in Michatlauhco, modern-day Morelos (approximate date).

source_section: Events › By place › Mexico


date: March 4

text: March 4 – Liu Zhiyuan, founder of the Later Han (d. 948)


text: Sancho Ordóñez, king of Galicia (approximate date)


text: Su Yugui, Chinese official and chancellor (d. 956)


text: Gérard of Brogne, Frankish abbot (approximate date)


text: Odo of Wetterau, German nobleman (approximate date)


text: Liu Chong, founder of the Northern Han (approximate date)


text: Al-Muqtadir, caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate (d. 932)


date: May 16

text: May 16 – Qian Kuan, Chinese nobleman


date: June 4

text: June 4 – Li Xi, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty


date: August 24

text: August 24 – Guthred, king of Northumbria


date: October 1

text: October 1 – Kong Wei, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty


text: Wang Xingyu, Chinese warlord (approximate date)


text: Hugh, Frankish duke and illegitimate son of Lothair II


text: Wang Chongying, Chinese warlord and governor


text: Minamoto no Tōru, Japanese poet (b. 822)


text: Wang Chucun, general of the Tang Dynasty (b. 831)


text: Muiredach mac Eochocáin, king of Ulaid (Ireland)


text: Wei Zhaodu, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty


text: Lu Xisheng, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty


text: Gerolf of Holland, count of Friesland (or 896)


text: Li Kuangchou, Chinese warlord (approximate date)


date: November

text: November – Lambert II and Berengar I agree to sign a treaty at Pavia. Berengar receives the realm between the Adda and the Po, while the rest stays under the control of Lambert (including the March of Tuscany). They share Bergamo, and Lambert pledges to marry Gisela, Berengar's daughter.

source_section: Events › By place › Europe


date: February

text: February – King Arnulf of Carinthia invades Italy at the head of an East Frankish expeditionary army. He storms Rome (the Leonine City), and has himself crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Formosus at St. Peter's. Arnulf sets out to establish his authority in Spoleto, but suffers a stroke; he is forced to call off the campaign, and returns to Bavaria.


text: Summer – Battle of Boulgarophygon: Simeon I invades the Theme of Thrace (in the southeastern Balkans). The Byzantines transfer a new army to Europe, to deal with the Bulgarian threat. The armies clash at Boulgarophygon (modern Turkey); the Byzantines are completely destroyed in battle.


text: Prince Klonimir, pretender to the throne of the Serbian Principality, is defeated by his ruling cousin, Petar. He is recognized as sole ruler of Serbia by Simeon I, resulting in a 20-year peace and alliance (approximate date).


text: A Viking pirate army under Hastein (a son of Ragnar Lodbrok) ravages the Welsh kingdoms of Brycheiniog and Gwent (approximate date).

source_section: Events › By place › Britain


text: Kharijite Rebellion: The Kharijite uprising against the Abbasid Caliphate in Jazira is ended. Caliph Al-Mu'tadid reunifies the entire province under central government, and installs his son and heir, Al-Muktafi, as governor.


text: Emperor Zhao Zong appoints Li Keyong, a Shatuo military governor (jiedushi), as Prince of Jin. He becomes the first ruler of Jin (see 907) following the collapse of the Tang dynasty.


text: Battle of Southern Buh: Bulgarian forces under Simeon I ('the Great') defeat the Magyars, near the banks of the Southern Buh river (modern Ukraine). The Magyars withdraw from Bulgaria, and are forced to migrate to new pastures. Led by Árpád, they settle in the Carpathian Basin (modern Hungary).


text: Summer – King Alfred the Great orders the building of English warships (almost twice as long as the longships) on the Itchen at Southampton, against the Danish Viking raiders in Wessex.


text: Al-Masudi, Muslim historian and geographer (approximate date)

source_section: Births


text: Liu Hua, Chinese princess and wife of Wang Yanjun (d. 930)


date: January 18

text: January 18 – Khumarawayh ibn Ahmad ibn Tulun, ruler of the Tulunid Dynasty (b. 864)

source_section: Deaths


text: March – King Lambert II proceeds to re-conquer Italy. Heading north, he captures western Lombardy, and decapitates count Maginulf of Milan. In the meantime, the deposed king Berengar I recovers Verona (March of Friuli) from Arnulf's candidate, count Walfred of Verona, who dies in office with "great fidelity to the emperor".


date: April 4

text: April 4 – Pope Formosus dies at Rome, after a four-year reign. He is succeeded by Boniface VI, as the 112th pope of the Catholic Church.

source_section: Events › By topic › Religion


text: April 4 – Formosus, pope of the Catholic Church


date: April 26

text: April 26 – Boniface VI dies (probably murdered), after a pontificate of 15 days. He is succeeded by Stephen VI, as the 113th pope of Rome.


date: April

text: April – Boniface VI, pope of the Catholic Church


date: May 17

text: May 17 – Liu Jianfeng, Chinese warlord


date: June 1

text: June 1 – Theodosius Romanus, Syriac Orthodox patriarch of Antioch


date: July 3

text: July 3 – Dong Chang, Chinese warlord


text: Miro the Elder, count of Conflent (Spain)


text: Sahl al-Tustari, Persian scholar (approximate date)


text: Abu Hanifa Dinawari, Muslim botanist and geographer (b. 815)


text: Rustam I, ruler of the Bavand Dynasty (Iran)


text: Cui Zhaowei, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty


text: Emperor Uda abdicates the throne after a ten year reign. He is succeeded by his 12-year-old son Daigo, as the 60th emperor of Japan.


date: January

text: January – The Cadaver Synod: Lambert II orders Stephen VI to exhume the nine-month-old cadaver of former pope Formosus, to redress him in papal robes, and have him put on trial while seated in a chair at St. Peter's. Formosus is 'convicted' of several crimes, his fingers of consecration are cut off, and the body is stripped of his vestments.


date: March 15

text: 15 March – Al-Hadi ila'l-Haqq Yahya enters Sa'dah and founds the Zaydi Imamate of Yemen.

source_section: Events › By place › Arabian Empire


date: August

text: August – Stephen VI is removed from office, imprisoned and strangled in his cell. He is succeeded by Romanus as the 114th pope of the Catholic Church.


text: Caliph al-Mu'tadid recovers control of the Cilician Thughur (southeastern Anatolia) and of northern Syria, during the turmoil in the Tulunid government (approximate date).


text: Spring – King Lambert II travels to Rome with his mother, Queen Ageltrude and brother Guy IV, Lombard duke of Spoleto, to meet Pope Stephen VI to receive reconfirmation of his imperial title. Guy is murdered on the Tiber by agents of Alberic I, a Frankish nobleman with political interests. He seizes Spoleto (possibly at the instigation of King Berengar I) and sets himself up as duke.


text: Yang Longyan, king of Wu (d. 920)


text: Gyeongsun, king of Silla (Korea) (d. 978)


text: Balderic, bishop of Utrecht (d. 975)


text: Abu al-Faraj al-Isfahani, Arab historian (d. 967)


date: November 16

text: November 16 – Gu Yanhui, Chinese warlord


date: December

text: December – Romanus is deposed and succeeded by Theodore II as the 115th pope of Rome, who dies twenty days later.


text: Mashdotz I, Armenian monk and catholicos (or 898)


text: Jinseong, queen of Silla (Korea)


text: Zhu Xuan, Chinese warlord and governor (jiedushi)


text: Ali ibn Ahmad al-Madhara'i, Muslim vizier


text: Ya'qubi, Muslim geographer (or 898)


text: Theodore II, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 840)


text: Ermengard of Italy, queen and regent of Provence


text: Stephen VI, pope of the Catholic Church


text: Zhaozhou, Chinese Zen Buddhist master (b. 778)


text: Li Zi ('Prince of Tong'), prince of the Tang Dynasty


text: Minamoto no Yoshiari, Japanese official (b. 845)


text: Wilfred the Hairy, Frankish nobleman


text: Summer – Adalbert II, margrave of Tuscany, revolts (pushed by his wife Bertha) against his cousin, Emperor Lambert II. The Tuscan army proceeds against the Lombard capital of Pavia. Lambert with his forces at Marengo defeats Adalbert at Borgo San Donnino, taking him, as a prisoner, to Pavia.


text: January – Pope John IX is consecrated, and succeeds Theodore II, as the 116th pope of the Catholic Church. His rival Serguis III (a Spoletan ally of Lambert II) is excommunicated, and takes refuge at the court of Adalbert II.


text: John IX holds councils at Rome and Ravenna to rehabilitate the late Pope Formosus. He condemns the Cadaver Synod of the late Pope Stephen VI, and restores the clergymen who were deposed by Stephen's faction.


text: King Alfred the Great makes his eldest son Edward the Elder co-ruler of Wessex in preparation for his accession to the English throne.


text: Ngô Quyền, Vietnamese warlord who later became the founder of the Ngô Dynasty (d. 944)


text: He Ning, Chinese chancellor (d. 955)


text: Fu Yanqing, Chinese general (d. 975)


text: Sang Weihan, Chinese chief of staff (d. 947)


text: Li Congyan, Chinese general (d. 946)


text: Hugh the Great, Father of Hugh Capet and progenitor of the Capetian Kings (approximate date) (d. 956)


date: January 1

text: January 1 – King Odo I (or Eudes) dies at La Fère (Northern France) after a 10-year reign. His rival, the 18-year-old Charles the Simple in Laon, gains sovereignty and becomes ruler (with no real authority) of the West Frankish Kingdom. This puts an end to five years of civil war between the Frankish nobles.


text: January 1 – Odo I, king of the West Frankish Kingdom


date: October 15

text: October 15 – Lambert II dies from falling off his horse while hunting — or is killed (possibly assassinated by supporters of Maginulf of Milan). After the death of Lambert, his rival Berengar I gains recognition as king of Italy. He releases Adalbert II and receives homage from the Italian nobles.


text: October 15 – Lambert II, king of Italy and Holy Roman Emperor


text: Luo Hongxin, Chinese warlord (b. 836)


text: Aitíth mac Laigni, king of Ulaid (Ireland)


text: Hsiang-yen Chih-hsien, Chinese Ch'an master


text: Al-Mubarrad, Muslim grammarian (b. 826)


text: Mashdotz I, Armenian monk and catholicos (or 897)


text: Doseon, Korean Buddhist monk (b. 826)


text: Wang Chao, Chinese warlord (b. 846)


text: Athanasius, bishop and duke of Naples


text: Ahmad ibn Isa al-Shaybani, Muslim leader


text: Ya'qubi, Muslim geographer (or 897)


text: Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Shaybani, Muslim ruler of Diyar Bakr, surrenders at the besieged capital of Amid (modern Turkey) to Caliph Al-Mu'tadid in exchange for clemency. Al-Muktafi, the son of Al-Mu'tadid, is installed as governor of the Jazira (Upper Mesopotamia), ending the semi-independent Shaybanid Dynasty, which has ruled in Diyar Bakr since the 870s.


text: The Qarmatians, led by Abu Sa'id al-Jannabi, capture Bahrain's capital of Hajr and Al-Hasa (Eastern Arabia). Abu Sa'id makes it his residence and establishes a religious utopian republic.


text: Regino of Prüm, a Benedictine churchman, is expelled from Prüm and becomes abbot of St. Maximin's Abbey (which is destroyed by the Vikings) in Trier.


text: Winter – The Magyars turn back north towards the shores of the Venetian Lagoon. They pillage Chioggia and Pellestrina, and advance towards Malamocco. Their advance into the lagoon is checked by the assembly of the Venetian fleet under doge Pietro Tribuno, which defeats the Magyar's river crossing vessels at Albiola, causing them to pull back. This close call with the Magyars prompts the Venetians to initiate the fortification of the Rialto and the building of protective chains over the Grand Canal.


text: Wang Zongyan, emperor of Former Shu (d. 926)


text: Ma Xisheng, king of Chu (d. 932)


text: Werner V, Frankish nobleman (approximate date)


text: Gonzalo Fernández, count of Castile (d. 915)


text: Al-Qahir, Abbasid caliph (d. 950)


text: Ma Xifan, king of Chu (d. 947)


text: Yelü Bei, prince of the Liao Dynasty (d. 937)


date: July 26

text: July 26 – Li Hanzhi, Chinese warlord (b. 842)


date: October 26

text: October 26 – King Alfred the Great dies after a 28-year reign in which he has forced invading Danish Vikings to withdraw, consolidated England around Wessex, divided parts of Mercia into shires, compiled the best laws of earlier kings, encouraged learning by bringing famous scholars to Wessex and made his own translations of Latin works. He is succeeded by his eldest son, Edward the Elder as king of Wessex.


text: October 26 – Alfred the Great, king of Wessex (b. 849)


date: December 8

text: December 8 – Arnulf of Carinthia, king of the East Frankish Kingdom


text: December 8 – Arnulf of Carinthia dies from paralysis following a stroke and is entombed in St. Emmeram's Abbey at Regensburg (Bavaria). He is succeeded by his 6-year-old son Louis III (the Child) as ruler of the East Frankish Kingdom. Arnulf's counselor Hatto I, archbishop of Mainz, becomes regent and guardian of the young king. Louis (possibly at the instigation of Hatto) claims Lotharingia from his half-brother Zwentibold and with the support of the East Frankish nobles he provokes a civil war. The Lombard throne is left temporarily vacant.


text: Ahmad ibn al-Tayyib al-Sarakhsi, Persian traveler and historian


text: Winter – Æthelwold's Revolt: Following the death of Alfred the Great, Æthelwold (youngest son of the late king Æthelred I) disputes the succession of Edward the Elder. He seizes the royal estates at Wimborne, the ancient symbolic burial place of West Saxon kings, and Christchurch. Edward set up his army camp at Badbury Rings. Æthelwold first declares that he will 'live or die' at Wimborne, but then flees to Northumbria.


text: Zoe Zaoutzaina, Byzantine empress consort of Leo VI


text: Zheng Qi, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty


text: Stylianos Zaoutzes, Byzantine official and minister


text: Sumbat I of Klarjeti, Georgian prince


year_label: 9 CE

text: AD 9 – Roman finances become strained following the Danubian insurrection and the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest, resulting in the levying of two new taxes: five percent on inheritances, and one percent on sales.

source_section: Events › Roman Empire


text: AD 9 – The Bellum Batonianum (Great Illyrian Revolt) in Dalmatia is suppressed.


text: AD 9 – First record of the subdivision of the province of Illyricum into lower (Pannonia) and upper (Dalmatia) regions.


text: AD 9 – Ovid completes the curse poem Ibis.


text: AD 9 – Empress Wang is given the title of Duchess Dowager of Ding'an, while Ruzi Ying, the former Emperor of Han, becomes the Duke of Ding'an. Ruzi Ying is placed under house arrest.

source_section: Events › China


text: AD 9 – Cunobeline is first recorded to be king of the Catuvellauni at Camulodunum (modern-day Colchester) in Britain.


text: AD 9 – In order to increase the number of marriages, and ultimately the population, the Lex Papia Poppaea is adopted in Italy. This law prohibits celibacy and childless relationships.


text: AD 9 – Marcus Caelius, Roman centurion (b. c. 45 BC)


year_label: 90 CE

text: The Young Flavian Woman is made. It is now kept at Musei Capitolini, Rome (approximate date).

source_title: AD 90

source_section: Events › By topic › Art


text: Quintus Tuneius Rufus, Roman politician (approximate date)


text: Ishmael ben Elishha, Jewish rabbi (approximate date)


text: Gaius Valerius Flaccus, Roman poet (approximate date)


text: Tiberius Julius Rhescuporis I, Roman client king


text: Pedanius Dioscorides, Greek physician (approximate date)


date: April 21

text: April 21 – Namwaran and his children, Lady Angkatan and Bukah, are granted pardon by the Lakan (ruler) of Tondo, as represented by Jayadewa, Lord Minister of Pila, which released them of all their debts as inscribed in the Laguna Copperplate Inscription (Philippines).

source_section: Events › By place › Asia


date: December 1

text: December 1 – Emperor Zhao Zong is deposed and forced by a group of Tang eunuchs led by Liu Jishu to abdicate the throne to his son, Crown Prince Li Yu (until 901).


date: June 29

text: June 29 – The Venetians repel the Magyar raiders at Rialto.


date: August 13

text: August 13 – Zwentibold, king of Lotharingia, is killed in battle on the Meuse River, while fighting against his rebellious subjects; subsequently they recognize Louis IV as their rightful suzerain - Lotharingia is then converted from a kingdom to a duchy.


text: August – Abdallah, son of the Aghlabid emir Ibrahim II, represses a revolt of his Muslim subjects, and then initiates a campaign against the last Byzantine strongholds in Sicily.


date: October 12

text: October 12 – Following Magyars raids in Lombardy, king Louis III ("the Blind") is called to Italy by the grandees. He takes Pavia, forcing king Berengar I to flee, and replaces him as King of Italy.


text: Arab–Byzantine wars: Emperor Leo VI ("the Wise") begins an offensive against the Abbasid army in Cilicia, Upper Mesopotamia and Armenia. He also continues the war against the Muslims in Sicily and southern Italy.

source_section: Events › By place › Abbasid Caliphate


text: Docibilis I of Gaeta and his Saracen mercenaries attack Capua, in vain.


text: Maravarman Rajasimha II, king of Pandya, begins to rule. He is constantly at war with Chola (his overlord) and becomes the last ruler of the first Pandyan Empire (India).


text: After the rejection of their alliance proposal by the Bavarians, the Hungarians attack this country, occupying Pannonia and parts of Ostmark, which become part of the Hungarian state.


text: Spring – Atenulf I, Lombard prince of Capua, conquers the Duchy of Benevento. He deposes Duke Radelchis II and unites the two southern Lombard duchies in Mezzogiorno (Southern Italy). The Byzantines offer a strategic alliance to Atenulf who directs a campaign against the Saracens. They establish themselves on the banks of the Garigliano River. From here, Arab warbands launch frequent raids in Campania.


text: The Qarmatians of al-Bahrayn, under Abu Sa'id al-Jannabi, score a major victory over the Abbasid army led by al-Abbas ibn Amr al-Ghanawi.


text: Greenland is discovered by the Norseman Gunnbjörn Ulfsson, sailing from Norway to Iceland: he is blown off course by a storm and comes in sight of some islands off the coast (approximate date).

source_section: Events › By topic › Exploration


text: The east coast of Africa is impacted by trade and Arab, Persian and Indian traders mix with the indigenous Bantu. Many of the coastal Bantu adopt Islam, reaching as far south as Sofala (Mozambique).

source_section: Events › By topic › Commerce


text: c. 900 –1230 – Pueblo Bonito, Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, is built by the Ancestral Pueblo people.


text: In Peru the Lambayeque people establish themselves over areas previously developed by the Moche (approximate date).

source_section: Events › By place › Mesoamerica


date: February 4

text: February 4 – The 7-year-old Louis IV ("the Child") is proclaimed king of the East Frankish Kingdom at an assembly at Forchheim (Bavaria). Because of his young age, the reins of government are entirely in the hands of others – the Frankish nobles and bishops. The most influential of Louis' councillors are Hatto I, archbishop of Mainz, and Solomon III, bishop of Constance.


date: June 17

text: June 17 – Baldwin II, Count of Flanders has Fulk the Venerable, bishop of Reims, assassinated.


text: Spring – Forces under the Transoxianian emir Isma'il ibn Ahmad are victorious at Balkh (Northern Afghanistan) over Amr ibn al-Layth; the latter is captured and sent to Caliph Al-Mu'tadid in Baghdad. The Samanid Dynasty rules over Khorasan, as well as Transoxiana. A few months later, the Samanids conquer the Zaydid emirate of Tabaristan. This victory marks the beginning of the dispersion of the local Shi'ites by the new Sunni power.


text: The future founder of the Fatimid Caliphate, Abdallah al-Mahdi and his family migrate to North Africa. They claim to be descendants of Fatimah, the daughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.


text: King Donald II is killed after an 11-year reign. He is succeeded by his cousin Constantine II as king of Scotland; he will reign for more than 40 years.


text: The Persian scientist Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi distinguishes smallpox from measles in the course of his writings. Holding against any sort of orthodoxy, particularly Aristotle's physics, he maintains the conception of an 'absolute' time, regarded by him as "a never-ending flow".

source_section: Events › By topic › Medicine


date: June 8

text: June 8 – Edward the Elder (son of Alfred the Great) is crowned king of England at Kingston upon Thames.


text: Ramiro II, king of León (approximate date)


text: Conrad, bishop of Constance (approximate date)


text: Mord Fiddle, Icelandic farmer and law expert (d. 968)


text: Adaldag, archbishop of Bremen (approximate date)


text: Gero, archbishop of Cologne (approximate date)


text: Yang Pu, emperor of Wu (d. 939)


text: Rasso, Frankish military leader (approximate date)


text: Ramwold, Frankish abbot (approximate date)


text: John of Gorze, Frankish abbot and diplomat (d. 974)


text: Gero, Frankish nobleman (approximate date)


text: Berthold, duke of Bavaria (approximate date)


text: Nicodemus of Mammola, Italian monk (d. 990)


text: Abū Ja'far al-Khāzin, Persian astronomer (d. 971)


text: Fujiwara no Saneyori, Japanese statesman (d. 970)


date: January

text: January – Pope John IX dies after a two year reign. He is succeeded by Benedict IV as the 117th pope of the Catholic Church.


text: June 17 – Fulk, archbishop of Reims


date: July 8

text: July 8 – Qatr al-Nada, wife of the Abbasid caliph al-Mu'tadid


text: August 13 – Zwentibold, king of Lotharingia (b. 870)


text: Tadg mac Conchobair, king of Connacht (Ireland)


text: Wulfhere, archbishop of York (approximate date)


text: Muhammad ibn Zayd, emir of Tabaristan (Iran)


text: Merfyn ap Rhodri, king of Powys (approximate date)


text: Liu Chongwang, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty


text: Ono no Komachi, Japanese poet (approximate date)


text: Ibn Abi Asim, Muslim Sunni scholar (b. 822)


text: Summer – After the death of his wife Zoe Zaoutzaina, the Byzantine emperor Leo VI marries Eudokia Baïana.


text: John IX, pope of the Catholic Church


text: Donald II, king of the Picts (Scotland)


date: January 25

text: January 25 – Sugawara no Michizane, a Japanese poet, is demoted from his aristocratic rank and is exiled to a minor official post at Dazaifu (Chikuzen Province).


text: The Toltecs establish themselves at Tula. The city becomes the capital and rises to prominence after the fall of Teotihuacan (approximate date).


text: The Kingdom of Hu Goguryeo is established by the rebel leader Gung Ye. He subjugates the local lords in the Korean Peninsula and proclaims himself king.


date: January 24

text: January 24 – Emperor Zhao Zong of the Tang Dynasty (after he is briefly deposed by general Liu Jishu) is restored to the Chinese throne. Liu, with four eunuch family members are killed.


date: March

text: March – Abu Abbas Abdallah resumes his Aghlabid campaign against the Byzantine enclaves of Sicily. He dispatches his fleet towards Messina, while bombarding the town walls of Damona.


date: June 10

text: June 10 – Abu Abbas Abdallah crosses the Strait of Messina and proceeds to Reggio Calabria. Appearing before its walls, the Byzantine garrison flees, surrendering the city to the Aghlabids.


date: July 10

text: July 10 – Battle of Zamora: In Al-Andalus, Ibn al-Qitt and Abū Naṣr ‘Abd Allāh ibn ‘Alī al-Sarrāj call for a small jihad, but are defeated by King Alfonso III.


text: Fall – Æthelwold (a son of Æthelred I) rebels against his cousin, King Edward the Elder. He comes with a fleet to Essex, and encourages the Danish Vikings of East Anglia to rise up.


text: Summer – Abu Abbas Abdallah defeats a relief Byzantine navy dispatched from Constantinople at Messina. He dismantles the fortifications of Messina and transfers his booty to Palermo.


text: Abaoji is elected chieftain of the Yila tribe and becomes commander of all Khitan military forces.


text: Abu 'Abdullah al-Shi'i leads the rebellion of the Kutama Berbers (a movement of the Shiʿite Fatimids), against the Aghlabid emirate in Ifriqiya (modern Tunisia).


text: January – Arethas of Caesarea speaks on the occasion of the Epiphany. He becomes the official rhetor at the Byzantine court of Emperor Leo VI (the Wise) at Constantinople, and is nominated as Archbishop of Caesarea in Cappadocia.


date: February

text: February – King Louis III (the Blind) is crowned as Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Benedict IV at Rome. His rival Berengar I seeks refuge in Bavaria at the court of King Louis IV (the Child).


date: March 1

text: March 1 – Nicholas Mystikos, a layman close to Photios, becomes Patriarch of Constantinople.


text: The first written mention is made of Shrewsbury (West Midlands).


text: In China, Fuzhou City (Fujian Province) is expanded, with the construction of a new city wall ("Luo City").


text: Edward the Elder takes the title "King of the Anglo-Saxons". His mother, Dowager-Queen Ealhswith, founds the Nunnaminster at Winchester and retires into a religious life there.


text: The Mesoamerican ballgame court is dedicated by the Maya ruler Chan Chak K'ak'nal Ajaw (also known as Lord Chac) at Uxmal (modern Mexico).


text: Biagota, probable wife of duke Boleslaus I of Bohemia


text: January 24 – Liu Jishu, general of the Tang Dynasty


date: February 12

text: February 12 – Antony II, patriarch of Constantinople


date: February 18

text: February 18 – Thābit ibn Qurra dies at Baghdad, having served as court astronomer to the Abbasid Caliph Al-Mutadid. He has spent his life translating and teaching the works of Greek mathematicians, and of his own.


text: February 18 – Thābit ibn Qurra, Syrian astronomer and physician (b. 826)


date: April 12

text: April 12 – Eudokia Baïana, Byzantine empress and wife of Leo VI


text: July 8 – Grimbald, Frankish Benedictine monk (b. 820)


date: November 10

text: November 10 – Adelaide, queen of the West Frankish Kingdom


text: Ubayd Allah ibn Sulayman, Abbasid vizier


text: Muhammad ibn Abi'l-Saj, Abbasid general


text: Wu Renbi, Chinese Taoist and writer


text: Lady Shuiqiu, wife of Qian Kuan


text: Guaimar I of Salerno, Lombard prince


text: Lei Man, warlord of the Tang Dynasty


text: Xu Yanruo, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty


text: Winter – The Balearic Islands are conquered by the Emirate of Córdoba. The Moors improve agriculture with irrigation on the islands.


text: Spring – Adalbert II, margrave of Tuscany, revolts against Emperor Louis III ("the Blind"). He helps the deposed King Berengar I to recover the Kingdom of Italy. Louis III is forced to abdicate the Lombard throne and flees to Provence, compelled to promise never to return to Italy.


text: February – March – Abu Abbas Abdallah, conqueror of Reggio Calabria, returns from Sicily and succeeds his father Ibrahim II as Aghlabid emir of Ifriqiya.


date: June

text: June – Ibrahim II lands with an Aghlabid expeditionary force in Trapani, and proceeds to Palermo. He crushes the reinforced Byzantine army at Giardini.


date: August 1

text: August 1 – Taormina, the last Byzantine stronghold in Sicily, is captured by the Aghlabid army. After nearly 75 years, all of Sicily is in Aghlabid hands.


date: September

text: September – Ibrahim II crosses the Strait of Messina into Calabria. He begins his march to conquer the rest of Italy, and lays siege at Cosenza.


date: December 13

text: December 13 – Battle of the Holme: The Anglo-Saxon army is defeated by the Danish Vikings under Æthelwold (a son of Æthelred I) at Holme. Æthelwold is killed, ending his revolt against King Edward the Elder.

source_section: Events › By place › Britain And Ireland


text: The Kutama tribe under Abu Abdallah al-Shi'i revolt against the Aghlabids. He begins a campaign and dispatches an invitation to the Fatimid spiritual leader Ubayd Allah al-Mahdi Billah to support him.


text: Moorish Andalusian merchants set up a trade settlement (so-called emporium) in Oran (modern Algeria).


text: Winter – The Norsemen are expelled from Dublin. After a brief foray into Seisyllwg (Wales), a group, under the Viking lord Ingimundr, settle in the Wirral with the agreement of Lady Æthelflæd of the Mercians.


text: The Kingdom of Nanzhao in East Asia is overthrown, followed by three dynasties in quick succession, before the establishment of the Kingdom of Dali in 937.


text: Spring – Emperor Zhao Zong appoints Yang Xingmi as the overall commander of the Eastern circuits in China. He receives the title of Prince Wuzhong of Wu.


date: November 25

text: November 25 – Tai Zong, emperor of the Liao dynasty (d. 947)


text: Du, empress of the Song dynasty (approximate date)


text: Eadgifu, queen and wife of Charles the Simple


text: Lothar I, Frankish nobleman (d. 929)


text: Wang Jun, chancellor of Later Zhou (or 903)


text: Ælfweard, king of Wessex (approximate date)


text: Lady Xu Xinyue, wife of Qian Yuanguan (d. 946)


text: Han Xizai, Chinese official and calligrapher (d. 970)


date: February 16

text: February 16 – Mary the Younger, Byzantine saint (b. 875)


date: April 5

text: April 5 – Al-Mu'tadid, Abbasid caliph


text: April 5 – Caliph Al-Mu'tadid dies in Baghdad after a 10-year reign. Possibly poisoned in a palace intrigue, he is succeeded by his eldest son Al-Muktafi as ruler of the Abbasid Caliphate.


date: August 14

text: August 14 – Badr al-Mu'tadidi, Abbasid commander-in-chief


date: October 23

text: October 23 – Ibrahim II dies of dysentery in a chapel near Cosenza. His grandson, Ziyadat Allah, takes over the army, but lifts the siege.


text: October 23 – Ibrahim II, Aghlabid emir (b. 850)


date: December 5

text: December 5 – Ealhswith, queen and wife of Alfred the Great


date: December 16

text: December 16 – Wei Yifan, chancellor of the Tang dynasty


text: Wang Zongdi, Chinese official and governor


text: Yunju Daoying, Chinese Buddhist teacher (b. 830)


text: Amr ibn al-Layth, Saffarid emir


text: Æthelwold, son of Æthelred of Wessex


text: Li Cunxin, general of the Tang dynasty (b. 862)


text: Anscar I, margrave of Ivrea (Italy)


date: November 29

text: November 29 – Battle of Hama: Abbasid forces under Muhammad ibn Sulayman al-Katib defeat the Qarmatians near Hama, on the banks of the Orontes River (modern Syria). The Qarmatian army is scattered and pursued by Abbasid troops; Al-Husayn ibn Zikrawayh and other Qarmatian leaders are captured.


text: The Danish Vikings invade Anglesey after being driven out of Dublin (see 902). They fail to gain a foothold in Wales, and sail on to Chester.


text: A party of Danes under the Viking warlord Ingimundr attack the Welsh in a pitched battle at Maes Ros Meilon, perhaps near Llanfaes.


text: King Berengar I of Italy proceeds to issue concessions and privileges to the Lombard nobility and monasteries. He grants concessions to Bobbio Abbey in Emilia-Romagna (Northeast Italy).


text: King Louis IV ("the Child") promulgates the Raffelstetten customs regulations, a legal document for a toll-bridge on the Danube River in Asten (modern Austria).


date: December 7

text: December 7 – Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi, Persian astronomer (d. 986)


text: Feng Yanji, chancellor of Southern Tang (d. 960)


text: Wang Jun, chancellor of Later Zhou (or 902)


text: Kūya, Japanese priest of Pure Land Buddhism (d. 972)


text: Li Gu, chancellor of Later Zhou (d. 960)


date: March 6

text: March 6 – Su Jian, Chinese official and chancellor


text: March 6 – Lu Guangqi, Chinese official and chancellor


date: March 26

text: March 26 – Sugawara no Michizane, Japanese politician and poet (b. 845)


date: June 10

text: June 10 – Cheng Rui, Chinese warlord


date: July 27

text: July 27– Abdallah II of Ifriqiya, Aghlabid emir


date: July

text: July – Pope Benedict IV dies after a 3-year reign. He is succeeded by Leo V as the 118th pope of the Catholic Church. Leo is imprisoned and tortured by Antipope Christopher after a reign of just 1 month. Christopher makes himself the new pope of Rome.


text: July – Benedict IV, pope of the Catholic Church


date: December 24

text: December 24 – Hedwiga, duchess of Saxony


date: December 30

text: December 30 – Tian Jun, Chinese warlord (b. 858)


text: Théodrate of Troyes, Frankish queen (b. 868)


text: Zhu Yanshou, Chinese governor (b. 870)


text: Adalhard of Babenberg, Frankish nobleman


text: Moses Bar-Kepha, Syriac bishop and writer


date: July 29

text: July 29 – Sack of Thessalonica: A Muslim fleet, led by the Greek renegade Leo of Tripoli, appears outside Thessalonica and begins its attack after a short and silent inspection of the fortification of the city. After attacks from the sea for two days, the Saracens are able to storm the city walls, overcome the Thessalonians' resistance and capture the city. The sacking continues for a full week, before the raiders depart for their base in the Levant. Having freed 4,000 Muslim prisoners and captured 60 ships, gaining a large loot, they carry off 22,000 men and women as slaves.

source_section: Events › By place › Byzantine Empire


date: September 22

text: September 22 – The warlord Zhu Quanzhong kills Emperor Zhao Zong, along with his family and many ministers, after seizing control of the imperial government. Zhu places Zhao Zong's 13-year-old son Ai (Li Zhou) on the imperial throne as a puppet ruler of the Tang dynasty.

source_section: Events › By place › China


text: In Portugal, for the third time in less than 30 years, the Christians take control of Coimbra, this time for almost a century.

source_section: Events › By place › Europe


text: Emperor Leo VI (the Wise) is forced to sign a peace treaty with Simeon I, ruler (knyaz) of the Bulgarian Empire. All Slavic-inhabited lands of Macedonia and southern Albania are ceded to the Bulgarians.


text: Winter – Shayban ibn Ahmad ibn Tulun succeeds his nephew Harun ibn Khumarawayh as emir of the Tulunid dynasty, who is killed in a mutiny during the invasion of Egypt by the Abbasid Caliphate.


text: Arab–Byzantine War: The Byzantines under Andronikos Doukas, along with Eustathios Argyros, campaign against the Abbasids and defeat the Muslim garrisons of Mopsuestia and Tarsus, near Marash (modern Turkey).


text: Zhu Quanzhong has Chang'an, the capital of the Tang dynasty and the largest city in the ancient world, destroyed, and moves the materials to Luoyang, which becomes the new capital.


text: Summer – King Louis IV (the Child) invites Kurszán, a Hungarian leader (gyula) of the Magyar tribal confederation, and his entourage to negotiate at the Fischa River, but they are killed in an ambush.


date: January 29

text: January 29 – Pope Sergius III succeeds Leo V and the deposed Antipope Christopher (both of whom are murdered or exiled) as the 119th pope of the Catholic Church. The ascension of Sergius marks the beginning of the Pornocracy ('rule of the whores'), which will last for 150 years. During this time, the clergy will be sidelined and rule over Rome is dominated by the Roman nobility.


text: Sergius III allies himself with Theophylact I, count of Tusculum, who becomes ruler of Rome and the papal administration. Sergius rewards him (for his support and rise of power) with the position of sacri palatii vestararius and essentially becomes his puppet.


text: Beginning of the Saeculum obscurum ('Dark Age'), a period of 60 years in which the papacy was heavily influenced by the powerful Theophylacti family, the counts of Tusculum.


date: September 10

text: September 10 – Guo Wei, emperor of Later Zhou (d. 954)

source_section: Births


text: Yongming Yanshou, Chinese Zen master (d. 975)


text: Egill Skallagrímsson, Viking warrior and poet (approximate date)


text: Æthelwold, bishop of Winchester (or 909)


text: September 22 – Zhao Zong, emperor of the Tang dynasty (b. 867)

source_section: Deaths


text: Christopher, antipope of the Catholic Church


text: Tannet of Pagan, king of Burma (b. 859)


text: Wigmund, bishop of Dorchester (approximate date)


text: Prince Hywel ap Cadell of Seisyllwg (Wales) marries Princess Elen of Dyfed. The latter's father, King Llywarch ap Hyfaidd, dies. The throne of Dyfed is claimed by Llywarch's brother, Rhodri ap Hyfaidd, but he is probably forced to flee from Hywel's armies.

source_section: Events › By place › Britain


text: Llywarch ap Hyfaidd, king of Dyfed (Wales)


text: Ímar ua Ímair, Norse king of Dublin


text: Harun ibn Khumarawayh, Tulunid emir


text: Cui Yin, chancellor of the Tang dynasty (b. 854)


text: Zhang Jun, chancellor of the Tang dynasty