date: June 24

text: June 24 – Battle of Bannockburn (First War of Scottish Independence): Scottish forces (some 8,000 men) led by Robert the Bruce defeat the English army at Bannockburn, securing de facto independence for Scotland. During the battle, the Scottish pikemen formed in schiltrons (or phalanx) repulses the English cavalry (some 2,000 men). Edward II flees with his bodyguard (some 500 men), while panic spreads among the remaining forces, turning their defeat into a rout. Stirling Castle is surrendered to the Scots.


date: August 31

section: Conflict & Security

text: August 31 – King Haakon V of Norway moves his capital from Bergen to Oslo – where he builds Akershus Fortress, from which Norway is ruled for the next 500 years.

source_section: Events › July – September


date: June 25

section: Exploration & Expansion

text: June 25 – Edward II arrives at Dunbar Castle, and takes safely a ship to Bamburgh in Northumberland. His mounted escort takes the coastal route from Dunbar to Berwick.

source_section: Events › April – June


date: April 4

section: Religion & Belief

text: April 4 – Exeter College, Oxford, in England is founded by Walter Stapledon, Bishop of Exeter, and his brother for the education of clergy.


date: May 1

text: May 1 – The 1314–1316 papal conclave to elect a successor to Pope Clement V begins at Carpentras Cathedral in Provence with 23 cardinals in attendance, of whom the votes of 16 are necessary to elect a new Pontiff. The cardinals are divided into three factions, none of which have more than eight people, with a group from Italy (led by Guillaume de Mandagot), who want to move the papacy back to Rome; nine from Gascony, most of whom are relatives of Pope Clement (led by Arnaud de Pellegrue); and five from Provence (led by Berengar Fredol).


date: May 14

text: May 14 – In Italy, more than 50 of the Fraticelli spiritualists of the Franciscan order of Tuscany are excommunicated from the Roman Catholic Church by the Archbishop of Genoa after refusing to return to obedience to the Pope.


date: July 14

text: July 14 – The Italian cardinals participating in the papal conclave in France walk out after weeks of harassment by supporters of a French candidate for pope. The rest of the College of Cardinals disperse to Avignon, seat of the Papacy; Orange, in the modern-day département of Vaucluse, and Valence in the modern-day département of Drôme. The conclave will not meet again for two years, during which time there is no Pope.


text: The Ozbek Han Mosque is built in the realm of Özbeg Khan in the Crimea.

source_section: Events › By topic › Religion


text: Completion of Old St Paul's Cathedral in London.


date: January 21

section: Crime & Justice

text: January 21 (3 Shawwal 713 AH) – Muhammad III of Granada, Sultan from 1302 to 1309, is murdered by being drowned in the pool of the Dar al-Kubra on orders of his brother, Sultan Nasr.

source_section: Events › January – March


date: August 14

text: August 14 – Scottish raiders led by Edward Bruce plunder the north-eastern counties of England in the Pennines; they are attacked at Stainmore by the English under Andrew Harclay.


section: Climate & Environment

text: Approximate date – Volcanic eruption of Mount Tarawera in New Zealand; there are few settlers here at this time.

source_section: Events › By topic › Natural environment


date: January 17

section: Culture & Society

text: January 17 – Queen Oljath, who had been the Queen consort of the Kingdom of Georgia as wife of King Vakhtang II (d. 1292), and then his cousin, King David VIII (d. 1311), marries a third time, taking as her husband Qara Sonqur, Governor of Maragheh (in the modern-day East Azerbaijan province of Iran), in exchange for a dowry of 30,000 dinars.


date: October 19

text: October 19 – 19 October 1314 imperial election for the Holy Roman Emperor at Sachsenhausen (Frankfurt am Main). The 25-year-old Frederick the Fair of the House of Habsburg is elected by four of the electors and is crowned at Bonn Minster on November 25; however, in a dispute over validity of the election, Louis IV the Bavarian of the House of Wittelsbach is elected the following day by the remaining three electors and is crowned at Aachen, leading to civil war in the Empire.

source_section: Events › October – December


date: November 29

text: November 29 – Louis X ("Louis the Quarrelsome") becomes King of France after his father, King Philip IV, is killed in a hunting accident at Fontainebleau.


date: December 3

text: December 3 – The state funeral and burial of King Philip IV takes place at the Basilica of Saint-Denis near Paris.


date: January 13

section: Births

text: January 13 – John Bardolf, English nobleman and peerage (d. 1363)

source_section: Births


date: March 10

text: March 10 – Ramathibodi I, Thai nobleman, prince and ruler (d. 1369)


date: May 13

text: May 13 – Sergius of Radonezh, Russian abbot and reformer (d. 1392)


text: June 24 – Philippa of Hainault, queen consort of Edward III (d. 1369)


date: October 18

text: October 18 – Giles de Badlesmere, English nobleman and knight (d. 1338)


text: John of Arkel, Dutch nobleman, bishop and prince-bishop (d. 1378)


text: William Devereux the Younger, English nobleman (d. 1384)


text: Akmal al-Din al-Babarti, Syrian scholar and theologian (d. 1384)


text: Li Shanchang, Chinese official, chancellor and politician (d. 1390)


text: Toqto'a (or "Dayong", Chinese official, historian and writer (d. 1356)


text: Valdemar III, King of Denmark from the House of Estridsen (d. 1364)


date: January 30

section: Deaths

text: January 30 – Nicholas III of Saint Omer, Latin nobleman

source_section: Deaths


date: February 8

text: February 8 – Helen of Anjou, Queen of Serbia (b. 1235)


date: March 4

text: March 4 – Jakub Świnka, Polish priest and archbishop


date: March 18

text: March 18 – Jacques de Molay, French nobleman and Grand Master


text: March 18 – Geoffroy de Charney, French nobleman and preceptor


text: March 18 – Jacques de Molay, Grand Master of the Knights Templar and Geoffroi de Charney, are, by orders of King Philip IV of France ("Philip the Fair"), burned at the stake in front of the cathedral of Notre-Dame de Paris on the Île de la Cité in the Seine. Jacques declares his innocence and that the Templar Order is also innocent of all the charges of heresy. It is said that Jacques correctly predicts the deaths of both Philip and Pope Clement V within the year.


date: April 20

text: April 20 – Pope Clement V dies after an 9-year pontificate at Roquemaure. During his reign, he has reorganized and centralized the administration of the Catholic Church.


date: June 24

text: June 24 – (Battle of Bannockburn)


date: September 30

text: September 30 – Yolanda I, French noblewoman and ruler (suo jure) (b. 1257)


date: October 21

text: October 21 – Geoffrey de Geneville, English nobleman and diplomat (b. 1226)


date: November 20

text: November 20 – Albert II the Degenerate, German ruler and knight (b. 1240)


date: November 25

text: November 25 – Nicholas "the Child", German nobleman and knight (b. 1261)


text: November 29 – Philip IV the Fair, King of France from the House of Capet, in a hunting accident (b. 1268)


text: Stephen II becomes ruler (ban) of Bosnia following the death of his father Stephen I Kotromanić. He rules the lands from the river Sava to the Adriatic Sea, but does not effectively come into full power until 1322.

source_section: Events › Undated


date: January 20

section: Geopolitics & Diplomacy

text: January 20 – The English Parliament is convened at Lincoln to hear the reading of the Articuli Cleri, the list of grievances against the church in England. The parliament ends on March 9.


date: February 15

text: February 15 – John of Argyll reports to King Edward II of England that he and his army have recovered the Isle of Man and expelled the Scottish occupiers.


date: July 3

text: July 3 – King Louis X abolishes serfdom in the Kingdom of France.


date: August 17

text: August 17 – Ferdinand of Majorca completes the conquest of the Principality of Achaea, one of the crusader states that had been founded in Greece during the Fourth Crusade, by capturing the capital, Andravida.


text: March 4 (4 Dhu al-Hijjah 714 AH) – The Emir of Mecca, Abu al-Ghayth, is defeated in a battle near Mecca by his brother Humaydah ibn Abi Numayy. Wounded in battle, then captured by the enemy, Abu al-Ghayth is executed by order of his brother at Khayf Bani Shadid.


date: April 28

text: April 28 – The Mamluk Sultanate army invades the Christian outpost of Malatya in Byzantium, then loots the city.


date: May 26

text: May 26 – King Edward II of England and ships with more than 6,000 troops land on the coast of Ireland at Larne to counter the Scottish invasion of Ireland led by Edward Bruce.


date: July 22

text: July 22 – Siege of Carlisle: Scottish forces led by King Robert the Bruce besiege Carlisle Castle in England, but the stronghold holds out, due to a well-conducted defense organized by Andrew Harclay and the siege is abandoned by August 1.


date: July 31

text: July 31 – King Louis X of France mobilizes an army along the Flemish border. He prohibits the export of grain and other goods to Flanders – which proves challenging to enforce. Louis pressures officers of the Church at the borderlands, as well as King Edward II, to support his effort to prevent Spanish merchant vessels from trading with the embargoed Flemish cities.


date: August 1

text: August 1 – After a 10-day siege of the stronghold at Carlisle, King Robert of Scotland withdraws on August 1. During the Scots' presence in Cumbria, Scottish forces under James the Black raid Copeland and plunder St Bees Priory.


date: August 29

text: August 29 – Battle of Montecatini: The Pisan army (some 20,000 men) led by Uguccione della Faggiuola defeats the allied forces of Florence and Naples. During the battle, Philip I manages to escape, but his son Charles of Taranto


date: September 3

text: September 3 (3 Jumada II 715 AH) – Rumaythah ibn Abi Numayy, the former emir of Mecca, arrives at the court of the Mamluk Sultan of Egypt, al-Nasir Muhammad in Cairo. He receives pardon from the Sultan and seeks support against the new Emir, Humaydah ibn Abi Numayy, who had killed his brother and predecessor, Abu al-Ghayth. Al-Nasir sends Rumaythah back to Mecca with an Egyptian army. However, six days before the relief army's arrival, Humaydah pillages and burns the castle at Wadi Marr, and destroys 2,000 date palm trees.


date: September 10

text: September 10 – The Battle of Connor is fought in County Antrim in the north of Ireland as part of the Bruce campaign in Ireland. Scottish-Irish forces commanded by Edward Bruce, brother of Scotland's King Robert the Bruce, rout the army commanded by "The Red Earl", Richard Óg de Burgh, 2nd Earl of Ulster. Those earls not captured by the Scottish army flee to Carrickfergus Castle


date: October 9

text: October 9 – Banastre Rebellion: A group of English knights start an uprising in Lancashire and revenge themselves on Thomas of Lancaster. After the rebellion, Liverpool Castle is granted to Robert de Holland.


date: November 15

text: November 15 – Battle of Morgarten: The Swiss defeat Leopold of Austria on the shore of the Ägerisee, ensuring independence for the Swiss Confederation.


date: December 9

text: December 9 – In Switzerland, the Pact of Brunnen is signed between leaders of the cantons of Uri, Schwyz and Unterwalden at the city of Brunnen in Schwyz as a mutual defense pact against an invasion by Austria.


date: December 13

text: December 13 – (3 Jumada II 715 AH) Rumaythah ibn Abi Numayy arrives at Mecca with an Egyptian Army, led by the emirs Najm al-Din Damurkhan ibn Qaraman and Sayf al-Din Taydamur al-Jamadar, then spends two weeks in making plans to drive out the Emir Humaydah ibn Abi Numayy. They loot Humaydah's castle at al-Khalf wal-Khulayf, plunder the wealth inside and capture his 12-year-old son, but Humaydah himself escapes to Iraq.


text: Cairo, capital of the Mamluk Sultanate becomes the largest city in the world, taking the lead from Hangzhou in Mongolian China (approximate date).

source_section: By topic › Cities and towns


date: January 2

text: January 2 – King Edward II of England buries his friend Piers Gaveston (executed 1312) having secured a papal absolution in one of the last acts of Pope Clement V. The burial takes place somewhere near the King's Langley Priory in Hertfordshire, but the location of the tomb is subsequently forgotten. Gaveston had been excommunicated before his death.


date: March 8

text: March 8 – The Al-Shamah Mosque, in modern-day Gaza City in Palestine, is completed after being commissioned by the Mamluk Sultanate Governor of Gaza, Sanjar al-Jawli.


date: March 27

text: March 27 – In China, Kunga Lotro Gyaltsen is installed as the Imperial Preceptor of Tibetan Buddhists, by order of the Mongol Emperor Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan.


date: April 30

text: April 30 – Enguerrand de Marigny, who had been the Chief Minister of France during the reign of King Philip IV of France, is hanged at the Gibbet of Montfaucon in Paris on orders of Philip's successor, King Louis X.


text: Siegfried II, bishop of Hildesheim, provides Dassel in Lower Saxony, Germany with city rights.


section: Technology & Infrastructure

text: In the Netherlands, Vlissingen (Anglicized to "Flushing" later) is granted city rights.


date: February 12

text: February 12 – Italian sculptor Tino di Camaino is commissioned by the Republic of Pisa to create a statue of the late Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor (Enrico VII di Lussemburgo, King of Italy), to be finished in less than six months for the August 24 dedication of Henry's tomb. Camaino delivers the work by July 26.


date: June 15

text: June 15 – King James II of Aragon is married by proxy to Marie of Lusignan, daughter of King Hugh III of Cyprus, at a ceremony attended by James's representative at Nicosia.


date: July 6

text: July 6 – In Germany, Henry II, Lord of Mecklenburg is married to Anna of Saxe-Wittenberg, daughter of Albert II, Duke of Saxony. The marriage produces an heir, Albert II, who will become Duke of Mecklenburg in 1348.


date: August 19

text: August 19 – King Louis X of France, nicknamed "Louis the Quarrelsome", marries the 22-year-old Clementia of Hungary, daughter of Charles Martel of Anjou (titular king of Hungary) following the death in prison of his uncrowned first wife, Margaret of Burgundy. Louis and Clementia are on August 24 crowned at Reims. Louis is the 12th Capetian ruler of France following the death nine months earlier of his father, Philip IV. After his coronation, Louis passes the throne of the Kingdom of Navarre to his younger brother, who becomes Philip II of Navarre, nicknamed "Philip the Tall".


date: November 17

text: November 17 – The marriage of King James II of Aragon to Marie of Lusignan is performed in person after Marie has traveled to Spain, with the ceremony taking place at Girona.


date: January 20

text: January 20 – Yi Ja-chun, Korean nobleman and general (d. 1361)


date: February 22

text: February 22 – Chunghye of Goryeo, Korean crown prince and king (d. 1344)


date: April 5

text: April 5 – King James III of Majorca, who will be nicknamed "James the Unfortunate".(d. 1349)


date: April 14

text: April 14 – Emir Muhammad IV of Granada, Nasrid ruler (sultan) of the Emirate of Granada, now part of Spain. (d. 1333)


date: May 4

text: May 4 – John Segrave, English nobleman and landowner (d. 1353)


date: May 20

text: May 20 – Bonne of Luxembourg, queen consort of France (d. 1349)


text: Joanna of Hainault, French noblewoman and regent (d. 1374)


text: Louis V, German nobleman, knight, prince and co-ruler (d. 1361)


text: The Empress Gi, Chinese concubine and empress consort as wife of Emperor Huizong of the Yuan dynasty (d. 1369)


text: John FitzWalter, English nobleman, knight and landowner (d. 1361)


text: Roger Beauchamp, English nobleman and chamberlain (d. 1380)


text: Marie de Bourbon, Latin princess (House of Bourbon) (d. 1387)


text: Albert IV, German nobleman (House of Ascania) (d. 1343)


text: James of Piedmont, Italian nobleman (House of Savoy) (d. 1367)


date: January 15

text: January 15 – Gyeguk, Korean queen consort of Goryeo (b. 1285)


date: March 10

text: March 10 – Agnes Blannbekin, Austrian mystic and writer (b. 1244)


date: April 26

text: April 26 – The Scottish parliament is convened at Ayr, and proclaims Edward Bruce as the legal heir to the throne to succeed if his brother, King Robert the Bruce, dies.


text: April 30 – Enguerrand de Marigny, French Grand Chamberlain (b. 1260)


text: April 30 – Margaret of Burgundy, de jure Queen consort of France as the wife of King Louis X, dies in the Château Gaillard prison after a year of incarceration, due to her 1314 conviction for adultery in the Tour de Nesle affair. Unable to have the marriage nullified because a new Pope has not been installed, King Louis leaves Margaret imprisoned.


text: April 30 – Margaret of Burgundy, queen consort of France (b. 1290)


date: May 1

text: May 1 – Margaret of Brandenburg, German noblewoman (b. 1270)


date: May 9

text: May 9 – In France, Odo IV becomes the new Duke of Burgundy upon the death of his older brother, Hugh V.


date: June 27

text: June 27 – Mieszko I, Polish nobleman and knight (House of Piast)


date: July 24

text: July 24 – Otto II, Prince of Anhalt-Aschersleben, dies without leaving any heirs, bringing an end to the Principality. His assets are seized by his cousin and creditor, Bishop Albert of Halberstadt.


date: August 11

text: August 11 (12th day of 7th month of 4 Shōwa) – Hōjō Mototoki becomes ruler (shogun) and regent (shikken) of the Kamakura shogunate in Japan upon the death of Hōjō Hirotoki.


date: August 12

text: August 12 – Guy de Beauchamp, English nobleman and magnate


date: December 6

text: December 6 – William Greenfield, English rector and archbishop


date: December 13

text: December 13 – Gaston II of Foix-Béarn becomes the new French representative to rule the Co-principality of Andorra after the death of his father, Gaston I.


date: January 28

text: January 28 – Llywelyn Bren leads a revolt against English rule in Wales. After disregarding an order to appear before King Edward II, Llywelyn Bren raises a rebel army and lays siege to Caerphilly Castle. The revolt spreads throughout the south Wear Cove (the Wales valley), and other castles are attacked. Edward sends an expeditionary force led by Humphrey de Bohun to suppress the rebellion. In March, after a battle at Morgraig Castle Llywelyn Bren is forced to break off the Caerphilly siege after six weeks and surrenders on March 18.


date: February 8

text: February 8 – After only 35 days of ruling the Delhi Sultanate as regent, Malik Kafur is assassinated by Sultan Alauddin's former bodyguards.


date: February 14

text: February 14 – Battle of Skaithmuir: Scottish forces under James Douglas, Lord of Douglas defeat an English raiding party near Coldstream. During the skirmish, Edmond de Caillou (nephew of Piers Gaveston) is killed.


date: February 22

text: February 22 – Battle of Picotin: Catalan forces led by Prince Ferdinand of Majorca, claimant to the Principality of Achaea, defeat the army of Princess Matilda of Hainaut, on the Peloponnese. During the battle, the Catalans kill 500 Burgundians and 700 native troops. The remnants of the Princess's army withdraw in haste, pursued by the Catalan cavalry; before they turn back to loot the abandoned Achaean camp.


date: March 18

text: March 18 – After leading a six-week-long revolt from Wales against England's, and retreating to Glamorgan, Welsh rebel Llywelyn Bren finally surrenders to King Edward's general, Humphrey de Bohun at Ystradfellte.


date: April 14

text: April 14 – Qutb al-Din Mubarak, the 17-year-old son of Alauddin Khalji, succeeds him and ascends the throne as ruler of the Delhi Sultanate.


date: May 2

text: May 2 – In an attempt to stir the Irish nobles into rebellion against English rule, Edward Bruce, brother of King Robert the Bruce of Scotland is crowned High King of Ireland.


date: July 5

text: July 5 – Battle of Manolada: Latin forces under Louis of Burgundy, supported by Byzantine troops sent by governor Michael Kantakouzenos, defeat the Catalan army under Ferdinand of Majorca. During the battle, Ferdinand is killed and John II of Nivelet, who claims the Principality of Achaea is executed on the field as a traitor. His lands are given to Louis' Burgundian followers. Louis of Burgundy and his wife, Matilda of Hainaut, become the joint rulers of Achaea.


date: July 29

text: July 29 – 10th day of 7th month of 5 Shōwa; In Japan, Hōjō Takatoki becomes the 14th regent of the Kamakura shogunate.


date: August 5

text: August 5 – Battle of Gransee: A North German-Danish alliance, led by Henry II, Lord of Mecklenburg ("Henry the Lion"), decisively defeats the forces under Waldemar the Great at Schulzendorf. During the battle, Waldemar escapes the battlefield, but his army – which consists largely of knights in armor — is massacred. Later, the victorious alliance negotiates a peace treaty at Zehdenick.


date: August 10

text: August 10 – Second Battle of Athenry: Norman rule is retained during the Bruce campaign in Ireland, at the cost of over 5,000 dead.


date: October 1

text: October 1 – Birger, King of Sweden, issues a letter of protection to the women of the Karelian people in Finland, at the time a part of the Kingdom of Sweden. The letter is the oldest document in the National Archives of Sweden.


date: September 5

text: September 5 – The coronation of Jacques Deuze as Pope John XXII takes place at Avignon in France, as he becomes the 196th pontiff of the Roman Catholic Church. His papacy will last until 1334.


date: October 30

text: October 30 – A papal court in Avignon, with Cardinal Berengar Fredol the Elder presiding, rules that Juan Fernández was properly elected Bishop of León (now in Spain), dismissing a challenge by Juan García. Fernández had been elected a year before, but his confirmation by the Pope was delayed because of the challenge. Before Fernández can travel to Avignon, however, he passes away on December 17.


section: Economy & Finance

text: The Pound sterling experiences the greatest year of inflation in its history, at 100.04 percent, losing over half its value.

source_section: Events › By place › England


date: March 2

text: March 2 – Robert II, king of Scotland (House of Stuart) (d. 1390)


date: April 11

text: April 11 – Édouard I, French nobleman, knight and marshal (d. 1351)


date: May 14

text: May 14 – Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1378)


date: August 15

text: August 15 – John of Eltham, English nobleman and prince (d. 1336)


date: November 7

text: November 7 – Simeon of Moscow, Russian Grand Prince (d. 1353)


date: November 15

text: November 15 – John the Posthumous, King of France (d. 1316)


text: An-Nasir Ahmad, Sultan of Egypt, Mamluk ruler (House of Bahri) (d. 1344)


text: Nicholas Eymerich, Spanish inquisitor and theologian (d. 1399)


text: Niphon of Kafsokalyvia, Greek monk, mystic and writer (d. 1411)


text: John Beauchamp, English nobleman and admiral (d. 1360)


text: Ch'oe Yŏng, Korean nobleman and general (d. 1388)


text: Magnus Eriksson, king of Sweden and Norway from the House of Bjälbo (d. 1374)


text: Ibn Arafa, Tunisian scholar, imam and theologian (d. 1401)


text: Fa Ngum, Tai nobleman and ruler of Lan Xang (d. 1393)


date: January 4

text: January 4 – Sultan Alauddin Khalji of the Delhi Sultanate dies after a 19-year reign at Delhi. He is succeeded by his 5-year-old son, Shihabuddin Omar, with the support of Alauddin's general Malik Kafur. During his reign, a power struggle occurs between Malik Kafur and the Khalji family.


date: March 12

text: March 12 – At Belgrade, Stefan Vladislav II becomes the new King of Syrmia (now part of Serbia) upon the death of his father, Stefan Dragutin.


text: March 12 – Stefan Dragutin, king of Serbia (House of Nemanjić)


date: March 13

text: March 13 – John Devereux, Anglo-Norman nobleman (b. 1250)


date: May 5

text: May 5 – Elizabeth of Rhuddlan, English noblewoman (b. 1282)


date: June 5

text: June 5 – King Louis X of France ("Louis the Quarrelsome") dies, possibly from poisoning, during a game of tennis at Vincennes, leaving his pregnant wife Clementia of Hungary as his widow. Following Louis' death, his 23-year-old brother Philip is made regent for the remainder of Clementia's pregnancy. There are several potential candidates for the role of regent, his uncle Charles, Count of Valois and Odo IV, Duke of Burgundy.


date: August 2

text: August 2 – Matilda of Hainaut becomes the sole leader of the Principality of Achaea, after her husband, Prince Louis of Burgundy, dies of poisoning one month after having secured his position during the Battle of Mandolada.


date: August 7

text: August 7 – After an interregnum (sede vacante) of two years, due to disagreements between the cardinals, French cardinal Jacques Duèze, Bishop of Avignon, is elected as successor to Pope Clement V, who died in 1314.


date: August 17

text: August 17 – Brothers Albert II and Waldemar I become the joint rulers of the Principality of Anhalt-Zerbst in Germany upon the death of their father, Prince Albert I.


text: November 15 – John of the House of Capet is born four months after the death of his father, King Louis X of France and, as the eldest (and only) son of King Louis, becomes King John I of France from the moment of his birth, with his uncle, Prince Philip the Tall, serving as regent. John dies, four days after his birth, on November 20.


date: November 20

text: November 20 – Upon the death of the infant John I, Philip the Tall, eldest surviving brother of King Louis X of France, becomes King Philip V


date: November 26

text: November 26 – Robert Wishart, Scottish bishop (b. 1240)


date: December 16

text: December 16 – Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan becomes the new Mongol Ikhanate of the Middle East upon the death of his father, the Ikhan Öljaitü.


date: December 22

text: December 22 – Giles of Rome, Italian theologian (b. 1243)


date: November 25

text: November 25 – Treaty of Templin: After ending the war between the Margraviate of Brandenburg and Denmark, Brandenburg is forced to negotiate a truce. King Eric VI, his ally Duke Henry the Lion and Waldemar the Great sign a peace treaty in Templin. Brandenburg agrees to transfer Burg Stargard and Arnsberg castle to Mecklenburg. They also surrender the territories of Schlawe-Stolp, located on the Baltic coast, to Pomerania.


text: A Hungarian document mentions for the first time Basarab I as leader of Wallachia (historians estimate he was on the throne since about 1310). Basarab will become the first voivode of Wallachia as an independent state, and founder of the House of Basarab (until 1352).

source_section: Events › Date unknown


date: June 23

text: June 23 – Thawun Gyi, Burmese monarch of the principality of Toungoo, is assassinated by his younger brother, Thawun Nge, who takes his place.


date: July 5

text: July 5 – Mongol Prince Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan becomes the ruler of the Ilkhanate, the Mongol-controlled area of the Middle East.


date: September 1

text: September 1 – Near Rushyford in County Durham, English knight Gilbert Middleton begins a rebellion against King Edward II. Middleton attacks and takes hostage the newly elected Bishop of Durham, Louis de Beaumont, Louis' brother Henry de Beaumont, and two cardinals, Gauscelin de Jean and Luca Fieschi. The cardinals are set free, while the Beaumonts are imprisoned at Mitford Castle for the next seven weeks.


date: December 11

text: December 11 – King Birger Magnusson has his brothers, Dukes Eric Magnusson and Valdemar Magnusson, captured and thrown into a dungeon during the Nyköping Banquet – as a revenge for their imprisonment of him in the Håtuna games (see 1306). As the brothers soon starve to death in the dungeon, their followers rebel against Birger, throwing Sweden into civil war.


date: December 12

text: December 12 – The Portuguese Royal Navy, with 20 warships, is created by order of King Denis. The Navy has 20 armed galleys as warships, under the command of Admiral Manuel Pessanha and will celebrate its 700th anniversary in 2017 as the oldest continuously serving navy in the world.


date: March 15

text: March 15 – Pope John XXII admonishes King Frederick III of Sicily to take severe measures against the Fraticelli, the Spiritual Franciscans who have broken with the Roman Catholic Church doctrine.


date: March 23

text: March 23 – In France, Hugues Géraud, the Roman Catholic Bishop of Cahors, is arrested along with plotting to assassinate Pope John XXII (with poisoned bread) and to use evil magic against him and two of his advisors, Bertrand du Pouget and Gaucelme de Jean. Following a trial, Géraud is convicted of witchcraft and sacrilege, and executed on August 30.


date: March 31

text: March 31 – Pope John XXII claims imperial rights of government in Italy for the papacy. He erects the dioceses of Luçon, Maillezais, and Tulle and issues the decretal Spondent Pariter prohibiting alchemy.


date: April 7

text: April 7 – Louis of Toulouse is canonized as a saint in the Roman Catholic Church by Pope John XXII.


date: April 8

text: April 8 – Fakhr al-Din al-Qibti is appointed Emir of Egypt.


date: May 22

text: May 22 – Pursuant to the papal order of April 27, the first of the Spiritual Franciscans (Fraticelli) appear before Pope John XXII to be confronted over their disobedience.


date: June 13

text: June 13 – Cardinal Jacques de Via, Bishop of Avignon and nephew of Pope John XXII, is found dead. A court will conclude on August 30 that de Via was murdered by witchcraft.


date: July 22

text: July 22 – Alexander de Bicknor is consecrated by the Pope as the Archbishop of Dublin.


date: August 21

text: August 21 – Hugues Géraud, the Catholic Bishop of Cahors who is implicated in a plot to assassinate Pope John XXII, is personally questioned by the Pope. Géraud is convicted on August 30 of witchcraft, sacrilege and the June 13 murder of Cardinal Jacques de Via, and is burned at the stake as punishment.


date: October 7

text: October 7 – Pope John XXII issues the bull Quorundam exigit, imposing a more lenient treatment of supporters of the Franciscan cause of "unconditional poverty".


date: October 17

text: October 17 – Sir Gilbert Middleton releases the Bishop of Durham, Louis de Beaumont, and the bishop's brother Henry after being paid a ransom of 500 marks (2,000 troy ounces) of silver.


date: April 11

text: April 11 – In Italy's Republic of Massa, coinage is resumed by arrangement of the Republic and of the Benzi family.


date: February 1

text: February 1 – Manuel Pessanha of Genoa is appointed as the first Chief Admiral of Portugal (Almirante-mor) by King Denis, and charged with organizing a permanent navy for the kingdom, with 20 warships and hiring Genoese captains to recruit sailors. The organization of the Portuguese Royal Navy is completed by December 12.


date: April 27

text: April 27 – John XXII orders the Spiritual Franciscans, including the French priest Bernard Délicieux, to come to Avignon and answer for their disobedience. Upon arrival, Délicieux is arrested and interrogated.


date: February 16

text: February 16 – (10th day of 1st month of 6 Shōwa) An earthquake of estimated 7.0 magnitude strikes Kyoto. On February 22, an aftershock of 6.0 magnitude follows the first quake.


date: May 13

text: May 13 – King Edward II restores the dower lands that had been surrendered by Margaret de Clare, widow of Piers Gaveston.


date: March 21

text: March 21 – Isabel de Verdun, English noblewoman (House of Clare) (d. 1349)


text: Vuk Kosača, Bosnian nobleman (knyaz), magnate and ruler (d. 1359)


text: Michael Szécsényi, Hungarian nobleman, cleric and bishop (d. 1377)


text: John II, Sicilian nobleman and prince (House of Barcelona) (d. 1348)


text: Euphemia of Sweden, Swedish noblewoman and princess (d. 1370)


text: Blanche of Valois, queen consort of Germany and Bohemia (d. 1348)


text: Ralph de Spigurnell, English nobleman, knight and admiral (d. 1373)


text: Ichijō Tsunemichi, Japanese nobleman (kugyō) and regent (d. 1365)


text: Godfrey de Foljambe, English nobleman and Chief Justice (d. 1376)


text: Coloman, Hungarian nobleman, prince, prelate and bishop (d. 1375)


date: February 6

text: February 6 – Brinolfo Algotsson, Swedish bishop and theologian (b. 1240)


date: February 11

text: February 11 – Ralph Fitzwilliam, English nobleman and knight (b. 1256)


date: March 17

text: March 17 – In Germany, Waldemar the Great becomes the sole ruler of the reunited Margraviate of Brandenburg upon the death of his cousin, John V, Margrave of Brandenburg-Salzwedel. Waldemar had been the Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal since 1308.


date: April 19

text: April 19 – Nitchō, Japanese Buddhist monk, cleric and scholar (b. 1252)


date: April 20

text: April 20 – Agnes of Montepulciano, Italian prioress and saint (b. 1268)


date: June 23

text: June 23 – Thawun Gyi, Burmese founder and ruler of Toungoo (b. 1258)


date: June 25

text: June 25 – Henry of Harclay, English philosopher and chancellor (b. 1270)


date: August 14

text: August 14 – Bernard de Castanet, French diplomat and bishop (b. 1240)


date: September 21

text: September 21 – Viola of Teschen, queen consort of Bohemia and Poland


date: November 9

text: November 9 – William II, son of King Frederick III of Sicily, becomes the new Duke of Athens upon the death of his older brother, Manfred of Sicily.


date: November 13

text: November 13 – Yahballaha III, Patriarch of the Church of the East in Byzantium, dies after serving 26 years as leader of the Eastern Orthodox Church. Timothy II of Seleucia-Ctesiphon will be elected to succeed him.


text: November 13 – Yahballaha III, Turkic patriarch of the Church of the East


date: December 15

text: December 15 – Maria of Bytom, queen consort of Hungary and Croatia


date: December 24

text: December 24 – Jean de Joinville, French historian and writer (b. 1224)


date: March 29

text: March 29 – (Bunpō 2, 26th day of 2nd month) Japan's Emperor Hanazono abdicates the throne after a 9-year reign. He is succeeded by his cousin, Go-Daigo, who will rule until 1339).


date: June 11

text: June 11 – John Hotham is appointed as the Lord Chancellor of England, the highest ranking office for a member of parliament, by King Edward II.


date: July 25

text: July 25 – In Italy, Jacopo I da Carrara becomes the first Lord of Padua, founding the Carraresi dynasty that will rule the independent city state for almost 90 years before its conquest and annexation by the Republic of Venice following a war in 1405.


date: August 9

text: August 9 – Treaty of Leake: Edward II signs an agreement with the "Middle Party" led by his cousin, Earl Thomas of Lancaster, and his court followers at East Leake in Nottinghamshire.


date: December 3

text: December 3 – The Parliament of Scotland meets at Scone and votes to designate Robert Stewart, grandson of King Robert the Bruce as the heir presumptive. Robert Stewart is the son of Robert the Bruce's late daughter Marjorie Bruce and of Walter Stewart. On the birth of David as Robert the Bruce's son in 1324, Robert Stewart will become second in line for the throne, eventually becoming King Robert II in 1371.


date: February 12

text: February 12 – In Italy, Cangrande I della Scala, Lord of Verona successfully takes Padua. Led by Jacopo I da Carrara, the Paduan Greater Council agrees to cede the territories of Monselice, Este, Castelbaldo and Montagnana to Cangrande for life.


date: April 2

text: April 2 – After a two-day battle, Scottish forces under James the Black retake Berwick-upon-Tweed. The fall of Berwick is a severe blow for King Edward II, and its loss is compounded by the fall of the Northumbrian castles of Wark-on-Tweed (Carham Castle), Harbottle and Mitford.


date: May 10

text: May 10 – Battle of Dysert O'Dea: An Irish confederation defeats the Hiberno-Normans under Richard de Clare. During the battle, some 500 men are killed, along with 80 English nobles.


date: May

text: May – Having captured Berwick-upon-Tweed, Scottish forces under King Robert the Bruce raid Yorkshire and burn Northallerton, Boroughbridge and Knaresborough (where some 140 houses are destroyed). They also terrorize the citizens of Ripon, who are spared destruction, on payment of 1,000 marks.


date: June 27

text: June 27 – The reign of King Birger of Sweden ends as supporters of his late brothers, Valdemar and Eric, storm the Nyköping Castle. Birger and his wife flee to Stegeborg Castle, then flee again when the rebels capture the stronghold in August.


date: July 22

text: July 22 – (22 Jumada I 718) In what is now northwestern Algeria, Abu Tashufin I assassinates his father, Abu Hammu I, Sultan of Tlemcen, and becomes the new monarch.


date: October 14

text: October 14 – Battle of Faughart: A Hibernian and Norman force defeats a Scotch-Irish army commanded by Edward Bruce, who had proclaimed himself High King of Ireland. Edward Bruce is killed in the battle, ending the Bruce campaign in Ireland.


date: April 1

text: April 1 – After the appointment of Guglielmo di Balaeto as rector by Pope John XXII with broad powers before the city of Benevento, the inhabitants rise against the Pope and demand some political autonomy. Finally, the rebellion is crushed by papal forces.


text: April 1 – Pope John XXII creates the Archdiocese of Soltaniyeh (now located in northwestern Iran), bringing the Roman Catholic hierarchy to the Ilkhanate in Persia, with the Dominican missionary Francesco da Perugia (Francon de Perouse) as the first Archbishop. Francesco and six bishops arrive on August 1.


date: May 7

text: May 7 – At the marketplace in the French city of Marseille, four of the most defiant members of the Fraticelli (or Spiritual Franciscans) are found guilty of heresy and burned at the stake.


date: September 13

text: September 13 – Pope John XXII appoints a commission of three members (Uberto d'Ormont, Bishop of Naples; Angelo Tignosi, Bishop of Viterbo; and notary Pandulpho de Sabbello) to take evidence on the matter of the canonization of Thomas Aquinas. Testimony is taken of 42 witnesses between July 21 and September 18, 1319.


date: January 26

text: January 26 – Sir Gilbert Middleton, an English knight who had rebelled against King Edward II and kidnapped the Bishop of Durham on September 1, is convicted of treason and then executed by being hanged, drawn and quartered.


date: July 13

text: July 13 – Rashid al-Din Hamadani, the Grand Vizier of the Ilkhanate in Iran during the reign of the Mongol Ilkhan Öljaitü, is convicted of the 1316 murder of the Ilkhan, and is executed (along with his son Ibrahim Izzaddin).


date: November 22

text: November 22 – Grand Prince Mikhail of Tver is summoned by Özbeg Khan at Sarai, the capital of the Golden Horde. After his arrival, he is executed.


date: June 12

section: Disasters & Accidents

text: June 12 – Russians destroy areas of Finland and burn Kuusisto castle in 1318. They rob Turku on the 12th of June.


date: March 27

text: March 27 – King Philip of France and Navarre reaches an agreement with the Capetian House of Burgundy to settle dissatisfaction over his claim of the crown as the brother of the late Louis X, ahead of Joan of Burgundy, the 4-year-old daughter of Louis X. King Philip agrees that Joan will arrange for Joan to eventually become the Queen of Navarre.


date: April 30

text: April 30 – The coronation ceremony of Go-Daigo as Emperor of Japan is held.


date: June 13

text: June 13 – Robert, King of Naples delivers an ultimatum to Matilda of Hainaut, ruler of the Greek Principality of Achaea, to accept marriage to John of Gravina or to lose her right to rule.


date: June 18

text: June 18 – The arranged marriage of 6-year-old Joan of Burgundy and 12-year-old Philip of Navarre is held as part of a contract for Joan and Philip to eventually become the co-monarchs of Navarre. The two will succeed to the monarchy in 1328.


text: June 18 – Eleanor of Woodstock, English princess and regent (d. 1355)


date: June 29

text: June 29 – Yusuf I al-Muyyad billah, Nasrid ruler of Granada (d. 1354)


date: September 11

text: September 11 – Eleanor of Lancaster, English noblewoman (d. 1372)


text: Anne of Austria, German princess (House of Habsburg) (d. 1343)


text: Albert II, German nobleman (House of Mecklenburg) (d. 1379)


text: Bogislaw V the Great, German nobleman and knight (d. 1374)


text: Baha' al-Din Naqshband, Persian Sufi religious leader (d. 1389)


text: Margaret of Tyrol, Austrian princess (House of Gorizia) (d. 1369)


text: David de la Hay, Scottish nobleman and High Constable (d. 1346)


text: Constance of Aragon, Spanish noblewoman and queen (d. 1346)


text: Maurice FitzGerald, Irish nobleman and Lord Justice (d. 1390)


text: Kitabatake Akiie, Japanese nobleman (Minamoto clan) (d. 1338)


text: Margaret Audley, English noblewoman and landowner (d. 1349)


text: Wenceslaus I, Polish nobleman, knight and co-ruler (d. 1364)


date: January 17

text: January 17 – Erwin von Steinbach, German architect (b. 1244)


date: February 14

text: February 14 – Henry Lackland, German nobleman and ruler (b. 1256)


text: February 14 – In Germany, Henry II becomes the new Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal upon the death of his father Henry Lackland.


text: February 14 – Margaret of France, queen consort of England (b. 1279)


date: April 16

text: April 16 – An agreement with Birger, King of Sweden is made to release his two brothers Valdemar, Duke of Finland and Eric Magnusson, Duke of Södermanland, who had been imprisoned at Nyköping Castle since December 10. The treaty is brokered by Valdemar's wife Ingeborg Eriksdottir of Norway and Eric's wife, Princess Ingeborg of Norway, who pledge for Valdemar and Eric to renounce all claims to the Swedish throne. However, Valdemar and Eric have already died inside the prison, and the discovery leads to a rebellion against King Birger.


date: April 26

text: April 26 – Matilda of Brunswick-Lüneburg, German co-ruler (b. 1276)


date: July 25

text: July 25 – Nicholas I, Bohemian nobleman, knight and ruler (b. 1255)


date: August 14

text: August 14 – Giacomo Colonna, Italian priest and cardinal (b. 1250)


date: August 20

text: August 20 – Cassone della Torre, Italian nobleman and patriarch


date: September 22

text: September 22 – Otto the Mild, becomes ruler over the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg in Lower Saxony, after the death of his father Albert the Fat


text: September 22 – Albert the Fat, German nobleman (b. 1268)


date: October 14

text: October 14 – (Battle of Faughart)


date: November 22

text: November 22 – Mikhail of Tver, Kievan Grand Prince (b. 1271)


date: November 29

text: November 29 – Heinrich Frauenlob, German musician and poet


date: April 19

text: April 19 – Philip I, Prince of Taranto, in his capacity as King of Albania, gives the title of Philip, Despot of Romania to his second eldest son Prince Philip II. Despite the mention of Romania, the despotate is a part of Albania, and the title gives rights of Philip II to Epirus in Greece.


date: July 8

text: July 8 – Magnus Eriksson is elected King of Sweden. His mother Ingeborg of Norway is given a place in the regency.


date: August

text: August – Magnus Eriksson, grandson of the recently deceased king Haakon V and already proclaimed King of Sweden, is recognized by the Norwegian assembly as King Magnus VII of Norway, thus establishing a personal union with Sweden and Norway.


date: December 21

text: December 21 – Representatives of England's King Edward II and Scotland's King Robert the Bruce sign a two-year truce. Hostilities are to cease until Christmas Day, 1321, with the Scots to build no new castles in the sheriffdoms of Berwick, Roxburgh, and Dumfries, and the English were to either transfer the Harbottle garrison in Northumberland to Scotland, or to destroy it. A long-term peace is still far off because of Edward's arrogant refusal to relinquish his claims of sovereignty over the Scots.


date: June 25

text: June 25 – Battle of the Vega of Granada: Castilian forces of 12,000 troops, led by the regents Don Pedro of Castile and Don Juan of Castile are defeated by a Moorish relief army at Granada during their attempt. Both regents are killed in the fighting. Pedro and Juan had summoned their Castilian vassals to assemble an expeditionary army in Córdoba, as part of an attempt to restore the deposed Sultan Nasr to the Granadan throne.


date: July 23

text: July 23 – Battle of Chios: A Knights Hospitaller-Genoese fleet (some 30 ships) led by Albert of Schwarzburg defeats a Turkish fleet, off Chios.


date: September 6

text: September 6 – As a reward for his victory at the Battle of Mianeh, General Chupan of the Ilkhanate is allowed to marry Sati Beg, the sister of the Ilkhanate Sultan Abu Sa'id.


date: October 29

text: October 29 – (Gen'ō 1, 15th day of 9th month) Nichiin of Japan's Daimoku sect refutes all other sects of Buddhism during an interrogation by the Kamakura shogunate, permitting the sect to continue.


date: January 14

text: January 14 – The Earl of Pembroke and the Earl of Hereford persuade Walter Reynolds, Archbishop of Canterbury, to consecrate Stephen Gravesend as the Bishop of London.


date: January 20

text: January 20 – A convocation at York is held by order of the Archbishop, William Melton, after orders sent by him to the Bishops of Durham and of Carlisle on November 28, 1318 to bring all abbots, priors, archdeacons and convents in their jurisdiction to appear before him "in octabis Sancti Hilarii proxime futuris" (on the next octave of Saint Hillary).


date: March 14

text: March 14 – The Military Order of Christ (Ordem Militar de Cristo) is established in Portugal by King Denis of Portugal after Pope John XXII issues the papal bull Ad ea ex quibus. The new Order is the revival of former Knights Templar who had aided the Kingdom of Portugal in its post-war reconstruction.


date: July 21

text: July 21 – Canonization of Thomas Aquinas: The taking of testimony from more than 40 witnesses is started by Bishop Uberto d'Ormont of Naples, Bishop Angelo Tignosi of Viterbo, and notary Pandulpho de Sabbello, and will continue until September 18.


date: September 13

text: September 13 – Pope John XXII issues the papal bull "Imminente Nobis", declaring that the Pope has the right of appointment to all clerical offices (archbishops, bishops, abbots, priors and collegiate and monasterial leaders) in the Roman Catholic Church, ending the right of the individual chapters to elect their own leaders.


date: February 6

text: February 6 – (14 Dhu al-Hijjah 718 AH) Rumaythah ibn Abi Numayy and Sayf al-Din Bahadur al-Ibrahimi, both former Emirs of Mecca, are arrested by the incumbent Emir, Shams al-Din Aq Sunqur al-Nasiri and taken from Mecca to Cairo for imprisonment. Rumaythah is charged with having provided support to his brother, Humaydah ibn Abi Numayy and al-Ibrahimi is accused of allowing Humaydah to escape. Rumaythah is pardoned a month later after arriving in Cairo.


date: March 20

text: March 20 – Laurence Hastings, English nobleman (d. 1348)


date: April 26

text: April 26 – John the Good, king of France (d. 1364)


date: September 5

text: September 5 – Peter IV, king of the Crown of Aragon (d. 1387)


text: Stephen II, German nobleman and co-ruler (d. 1375)


text: María de la Cerda, Spanish noblewoman (d. 1375)


text: James I, French nobleman and prince du sang (d. 1362)


text: Charles of Blois-Châtillon, French nobleman (d. 1364)


text: Henry V of Iron, Polish nobleman and knight (d. 1369)


text: Leonardo di Montaldo, doge of Genoa (d. 1384)


text: Andrea II Muzaka, Albanian nobleman (d. 1372)


text: Hasan Kuchak, Mongol nobleman and prince (d. 1343)


text: Giulia della Rena, Italian nun, friar and saint (d. 1367)


text: Haydar Amuli, Persian mystic and philosopher (d. 1385)


text: Joan of Penthièvre, Breton noblewoman (d. 1384)


date: January 12

text: January 12 – Kamāl al-Dīn al-Fārisī, Persian scientist (b. 1267)


date: May 8

text: May 8 – Haakon V Magnusson, king of Norway (b. 1270)


text: May 8 – King Haakon V Magnusson of Norway dies at the age of 49 with no sons, leaving the throne empty until the nobles can agree on his successor. Havtore Jonsson manages a guardianship government until the nobles choose Magnus VII Eriksson, son of Haakon's daughter Ingeborg.


date: May 19

text: May 19 – Louis of Évreux, son of King Philip the Bold (b. 1276)


text: June 25 – (Battle of the Vega of Granada)


date: August 12

text: August 12 – Rudolf I, German nobleman and knight (b. 1274)


text: August 12 – The Duchy of Bavaria, split between two brothers since 1294, is reunited upon the death of Rudolf the Stammerer, Duke of Upper Bavaria. Ludwig the Barbarian, King of the Romans and Duke of Lower Bavaria. In 1328, Ludwig will later be elected the Holy Roman Emperor as Louis IV.


date: August 14

text: August 14 – At the age of 11, Henry the Child becomes the Margrave of Brandenburg in Germany upon the death of his first cousin and guardian, Waldemar the Great. Because of Henry's age, the Duke of Pomerania, Wartislaw IV controls as Brandenburg as regent. Upon Henry II's death 11 months later, the House of Ascania's dynasty over Brandenburg will come to an end.


date: October 18

text: October 18 – William Montagu, English nobleman and knight


date: November 1

text: November 1 – Uguccione della Faggiuola, Italian condottieri


date: November 8

text: November 8 – Bokguk, Korean Grand Princess and queen


date: November 11

text: November 11 – Beatrice of Luxembourg, queen of Hungary


date: November 13

text: November 13 – King Eric VI of Denmark dies after a 33-year reign at Roskilde, leaving a vacancy that will not be filled until the January election of his brother Christopher II. During his rule, he attempts to control the routes of the Hanseatic League. The Hanse, an association of Baltic merchants, expels the English and Scots, and gains a monopoly of trade with Norway.


date: December 28

text: December 28 – Mattia de Nazarei, Italian abbess (b. 1253)


text: Bar Kokhba revolt: The messianic, charismatic Jewish leader Simon bar Kokhba starts a war of liberation for Judea against the Romans, which is eventually crushed (in 135) by Emperor Hadrian; Rabbi Akiva is supportive of the rebellion.

source_section: Events › By place › Roman Empire


text: Change of era name from Yongjian (7th year) to Yangjia of the Chinese Han dynasty.

source_section: Events › By place › Asia


text: Legio X Fretensis must evacuate Jerusalem, returning to Caesarea. The Jews enter the city, and re-establish their system of sacrifices. They strike coins to celebrate their independence, which will last for only 30 months. Legio XXII Deiotariana, which advanced from Egypt, is completely destroyed.


text: Merchants in Britain build structures outside the forts of Hadrian's Wall, and offer goods and services (including brothels) to Roman soldiers, who receive salaries in a region that otherwise has virtually no ready money.


text: Construction begins on the Mausoleum of Hadrian in Rome (known today as Castel Sant'Angelo).


text: Chinese scientist Zhang Heng invents the first seismometer for determining the exact cardinal direction of earthquakes hundreds of miles away; the device employs a series of complex gears around a central swinging pendulum.

source_section: Events › By topic › Art and Science


text: The Temple of Olympian Zeus (Athens) is completed, using Cossutius' design.


text: Tao Qian, Chinese official and warlord (d. 194)


text: Han Huandi, emperor of the Han dynasty (d. 168)


text: Cai Yong, Chinese calligrapher and musician (d. 192)


text: Sun Cheng, Chinese eunuch and politician


text: Juvenal of Benevento, Roman Christian and saint


date: June 18

text: June 18 – Treaty of Baena: Sultan Ismail I of Granada signs an 8-year truce with Castile at Baena. King James II of Aragon, who receives papal authorization and funds for a crusade against the Emirate of Granada refuses to accept the treaty. Both parties promise to aid one another against their respective enemies. Meanwhile, Ismail consolidates the territories formally under his control with the emirate.


date: January 5

text: January 5 – Henry III, Count of Gorizia, arrives in Padua as the Imperial Vicar with a large army, promising protection to the Italian city state.


date: September 9

text: September 9 – Battle of Saint George: Byzantine forces under Andronikos Asen defeat the army of the Principality of Achaea, securing the possession of Arcadia. During the battle, Latin commander Bartholomew II Ghisi is taken prisoner, along with several high-ranking nobles of the principality, and is sent to Constantinople.


text: Autumn – Byzantine forces under Andronikos Asen capture the Latin castles of Akova and Karytaina. They secure control over Arcadia and Cynuria in the Peloponnese.


text: Battle of Rhodes: The Knights Hospitaller defeat an attempt by the Turks of Menteshe to capture Rhodes. During the battle, a Turkish invasion fleet (some 80 ships) is destroyed by a smaller Hospitaller-Genoese fleet.


text: Approximate date – Earliest likely date for first permanent settlement of New Zealand by Māori people.


date: January 20

text: January 20 – Duke Władysław I Łokietek ("Ladislaus the Short") becomes king of a reunited Poland, after receiving the approval from Pope John XXII. He is crowned, along with his wife Jadwiga of Kalisz, at the royal cathedral on Wawel Hill at Kraków. Wladysław's kingdom is surrounded by three hostile neighbors: Brandenburg, the Teutonic Order and Bohemia. Looking for allies, he makes an alliance with Charles I, ruler of Hungary.


date: February 15

text: February 15 – Pope John XXII grants a mandate to the Archbishop of York, William Melton, to order restitution of confiscated Knights Templar property in England to the Knights Hospitaller.


date: February 18

text: February 18 – Walter de Stapledon, Bishop of Exeter, becomes the new Lord High Treasurer of England.


date: June 19

text: June 19 – Shepherds' Crusade: Unnerved by the prospect of the arrival of the shepherds at Avignon to begin a crusade, Pope John XXII orders their dispersal.


date: July 6

text: July 6 –To strengthen the alliance between Hungary and Poland, and with the approval of Pope John XXII, Charles I of Hungary marries Princess Elizabeth of Poland, the 15-year-old daughter King Wladyslaw I.


date: September 28

text: September 28 – Pope John IX of Alexandria is elected as the new spiritual leader of the Coptic Orthodox Church, succeeding Pope John VIII.


date: September

text: September 1320 - Sripada Sri Vallabha, incarnation of Lord Datta, is born in Pithapur, Andhra Pradesh.


text: The Venetian Arsenal, a dockyard for naval ships, is rebuilt, known as the Arsenale Nuovo.


text: Henri de Mondeville, French surgeon and physician, writes La Chirurgie, the first textbook on surgery by a Frenchmen.


date: July 9

text: July 9 – In India's Delhi Sultanate, Qutbuddin Mubarak Shah is murdered by his favourite, Khusrau Khan, who succeeds him on the throne.


date: July

text: July – Shepherds' Crusade: Many followers are arrested and executed, after which there are no further incidents and the crusade disperses.


date: August 4

text: August 4 – William II de Soules confesses to treason before the Scottish Parliament at a hearing at the "Black Parliament" session held at Scone. For the crime of conspiring against King Robert, Soules is sentenced to life imprisonment at Dumbarton Castle.


date: September 5

text: September 5 – Delhi's Sultan Khusrau Khan, who betrayed and murdered Qutbuddin Shah earlier in the year to become ruler in India, is himself betrayed and murdered by his governor, Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq, who founds Delhi's Tughlaq dynasty. Sultan Ghiyath appoints military governors in Punjab and Sindh province, who manage to halt Mongol incursions towards the sultanate.


date: October 27

text: October 27 – Magnus Birgersson, who had been the crown prince of Sweden until his father, King Birger was forced to flee, is beheaded by order of King Magnus Eriksson. Magnus had defended the Stegeborg Castle in 1318 to allow his father to flee to safety. When the castle surrendered, it was under the condition that Magnus would not be harmed.


date: March 20

text: March 20 (Easter Sunday) – Shepherds' Crusade (Le Pastoureaux): In France, a large group of common people band together in Normandy to begin a crusade, after a teenage shepherd says he was visited by the Holy Spirit. They march south to Aquitaine, attacking castles, royal officials, priests and lepers along the way. Jewish communes are attacked at Saintes, Cahors, Verdun-sur-Garonne, Albi and Toulouse. When they finally cross into Spain, Aragonese forces under Prince Alfonso halt their advance.


date: June 4

text: June 4 – King Edward II of England appoints Lord Pembroke as keeper of the realm before traveling to France.


date: February 9

text: February 9 – Catherine of Austria, German noblewoman (d. 1349)


date: April 8

text: April 8 – Peter I the Cruel, king of Portugal (d. 1367)


date: May 25

text: May 25 – Toghon Temür (Emperor Huizong), Mongol emperor (d. 1370)


date: October 13

text: October 13 – Perenelle Flamel, French female alchemist (d. 1397)


text: Galeazzo II, Italian nobleman (House of Visconti) (d. 1378)


text: Blanka of Namur, queen of Norway and Sweden (d.1363)


text: Valdemar IV Atterdag, King of Denmark (d.1375)


text: Beatrice of Bourbon, queen consort of Bohemia (d. 1383)


text: Lalleshwari (Lal Ded), Indian mystic and poet (d. 1392)


text: Nissim of Gerona, Spanish talmudist and scholar (d. 1380)


text: Averardo de Medici, Italian nobleman (d. 1363)


text: Chen Youliang, Chinese founder of Chen Han (d. 1363)


text: Louis I, king of Naples (Capetian House of Anjou) (d. 1362)


text: Nijō Yoshimoto, Japanese nobleman and waka poet (d. 1388)


date: March 1

text: March 1 – Emperor Renzong of Yuan (China), the Mongol leader Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan, dies after a reign of almost nine years.


text: March 1 – Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan, Mongol emperor (b. 1285)


date: March 21

text: March 21 – Wernher von Homberg, Swiss nobleman and knight


date: April 6

text: April 6 – Declaration of Arbroath: King Robert the Bruce sends a letter to Pope John XXII. He asks him to recognize Scottish sovereignty, and Robert's right to be ruler of Scotland, hoping that he will lift the excommunication order under which Robert is being held for the death of John Comyn III.


date: April 13

text: April 13 – Margaret of Castello, Italian nun and teacher (b. 1287)


date: April 19

text: April 19 – Gegeen Khan (Prince Shidibala) becomes the new Mongol Emperor Yingzong of the Yuan dynasty of China after the death of his father, Emperor Renzong, on March 1.


date: April 24

text: April 24 – Abu Said Faraj, Nasrid advisor and governor (b. 1248)


date: May 29

text: May 29 – Pope John VIII of Alexandria, leader of the Coptic Orthodox Church, dies in Egypt after a reign of 20 years. He will be succeeded by Pope John IX


text: May 29 – John VIII, Egyptian pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church


date: June 5

text: June 5 – Peter of Aspelt, German priest, chancellor and archbishop


date: July 9

text: July 9 – Qutbuddin Mubarak Shah, Indian ruler of the Delhi Sultanate


date: October 12

text: October 12 – Michael IX Palaiologos, Byzantine emperor (b. 1277)


text: October 12 – Andronikos II Palaiologos, who was co-ruler of Byzantium, becomes the sole ruler upon the death of his son Michael IX Palaiologos. Michael's son Andronikos begins a rebellion against his grandfather emperor six months later.


date: October 31

text: October 31 – Ricold of Monte Croce, Italian missionary and writer


date: January 19

text: January 19 – King Edward II of England appoints the Archbishop of York; the Bishops of Carlisle, Worcester, and Winchester; the Earls of Pembroke, Hereford and Badlesmere; and six other people to negotiate with Scotland for a final peace treaty or an extension of the Pembroke treaty of 1319 before its expiration on Christmas Day.


date: January 20

text: January 20 – The English Parliament appoints a commission to inquire about illegal confederacies in Wales against the King.


date: April 14

text: April 14 – Prince Wenceslaus of Płock allies with the Teutonic Knights of Poland and signs an agreement at the city of Golub, pledging to prevent Lithuanian troops from passing through his principality.


date: June 6

text: June 6 – Andronikos II Palaiologos concludes a peace agreement and divides the Byzantine Empire in two. Andronikos III is recognized as co-emperor and receives Thrace and Macedonia. He rewards his followers and gives them towns and regions to administer. Adrianople becomes the new capital.


date: July 15

text: July 15 – In England, the "Parliament of Whitebands" convenes with only 38 barons present, to remove suspect counsellors to the King.


date: August 14

text: August 14 – King Edward II of England agrees to the demands from his barons to send Hugh Despenser the Elder and his son Hugh Despenser the Younger into exile. The Despensers helped Edward in the administration of his financial and land management affairs. This gives them both the opportunity to frustrate the ambitions of the barons and also the chance to enrich themselves.


date: December 28

text: December 28 (Genko 1, 9th day of 12th month) – In Japan, Emperor Go-Daigo begins direct government as the cloistered rule of former Emperor Go-Uda ceases.


text: The Anatolian Beylik of Teke, a frontier principality, is established by the Oghuz Turks after the decline of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum.


date: March 22

text: March 22 – The first Genkō era begins in Japan after the end of the Gen'ō era.


text: April 19 – At Easter, the Byzantine civil war of 1321–1328 breaks out in the Byzantine Empire as Co-Emperor Andronikos III Palaiologos flees Constantinople to Adrianople, where he sets up his court and initiates an uprising against his grandfather, the Byzantine Emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos. The 24-year-old Andronikos is joined by Theodore Synadenos and John Kantakouzenos in the rebellion. Syrgiannes Palaiologos leads an expeditionary army towards the capital, forcing the emperor to negotiate.


date: May 5

text: May 5 – Wars of the Rügen Succession: Dukes Otto I of Pomerania, Vartislav IV of Pomerania-Wolgast and Barnim III of Pomerania-Stettin reach a mutual inheritance contract with Vitslav III of Rügen.


text: October 31 – Forces of Edward II of England capture Leeds Castle in Kent after Margaret de Clare, wife of Bartholomew Badlesmere, refuses Queen Isabella admittance in her husband's absence. When the Queen seeks to force an entry, Lady Badlesmere instructs her archers to shoot at Isabella and her party, six of whom are killed. After Edward occupies the castle, Lady Badlesmere becomes the first woman ever to be imprisoned in the Tower of London. She will be freed on November 3, 1322.


date: November 27

text: November 27 – In northern Italy, Rinaldo dei Bonacolsi, Duke of Mantua, begins the siege of Mirandola against Francesco I Pico, Duke of Mirandola. Bonaclsi has Pico and his sons Francesco and Tommasino arrested and imprisoned in the Castel d'Ario. A siege of the castle begins the next day and lasts 33 days.


date: December 8

text: December 8 – Confronting the rebellion of Thomas of Lancaster (his cousin), the Baron Badlesmere and Roger Mortimer, King Edward II of England arrives in Cirencester, then leads troops up the Severn Valley from Gloucester against the rebels.


date: December 26

text: December 26 – Faced with an invasion of London during the rebellion of Thomas of Lancaster, by troops led by the English rebel, the Baron Badlesmere, King Edward II of England offers safe conduct for any rebels who come over to the royalist side, but orders the Sheriff of Gloucester to arrest Badlesmere.


date: December 31

text: December 31 – The Duke of Mantua completes the siege of Mirandola, taking control of the Duchy, and then orders the castle of Duke Francesco I Pico to be destroyed.


text: Winter – Byzantine civil war of 1321–1328: Syrgiannes Palaiologos switches support to Andronikos II Palaiologos, fleeing to Constantinople. Rewarded with the title of megas doux, he convinces the emperor to resume the war against Andronikos III.


date: February 10

text: February 10 – By papal verdict announced in the Polish town of Brześć, the Teutonic Knights are ordered to return the coastal region of Gdańsk Pomerania to Poland, having annexed and occupied it since 1308. The Teutonic Order appeals the judgment and continues fighting against Poland, with a new Polish–Teutonic War breaking out soon afterward.


date: April 12

text: April 12 – Sweden's governing council votes to bar foreigners from the royal palace, and to request that the Norwegian council admonish the regent Ingeborg to avoid taking advice from foreigners when making decisions. Ingeborg, who is serving as regent for her minor son, King Magnus, ruler of Sweden and Norway, has become infamous for making decisions without consultation from the councils of either of the kingdoms.


date: May 8

text: May 8 – In Egypt's Mamluk Sultanate, a campaign by Muslims starts against the Christian settlements of the Coptic Orthodox Church. Over 60 churches and monasteries are burned.


date: June 9

text: June 9 – Guillaume Agasse, the head of a leper house in Pamiers, claims in a statement to Bishop Jacques Founier (later Pope Benedict XII) that he had learned that more than fifty officials of leper houses had conspired with the Emirate of Granada to spread leprosy throughout France.


date: June 23

text: June 23 – Pope John XXII approves a second inquiry into the matter of the canonization of Thomas Aquinas, with four commissioners to take testimony of witnesses.


date: November 10

text: November 10 – Canonization of Thomas Aquinas: In Italy, a second inquiry begins at Fossanova, as three commissioners (Pandulpho de Sabbello; Petrus Ferri, Bishop of Anagni; and Andreas, Bishop of Terracina) take testimony from over 100 witnesses until November 27.


text: The Spitakavor Monastery, near the Armenian town Yeghegnadzor, is completed.


text: The Gračanica Monastery is founded by King Stefan Milutin, nicknamed "The Saint King", on the ruins of a 6th-century basilica, located in Kosovo.


text: Approximate date – The Kebra Nagast ("The Glory of the Kings") is translated from Arabic to Ge'ez, according to its colophon.

source_section: Events › By topic › Literature


date: January 30

section: Health & Medicine

text: January 30 – The Welsh Earls of Hereford, Arundel and Surrey, and 26 other people are forbidden from attending any meetings to discuss matters affecting King Edward II.


date: May 16

text: May 16 – Johan de Bosco, a French person diagnosed with leprosy, claims that a fellow leper, "Geraldus" is attempting to spread their disease by contaminating wells, fountains, and rivers with bags of powder that will give leprosy to anyone who drinks from the water source. Rumors spread in southern France that French Jews are responsible, and is known as the 1321 lepers' plot.


date: June 21

text: June 21 – King Philip V of France orders that all lepers be imprisoned and interrogated. Those found guilty, often under torture, are to be burnt at the stake.


date: April 8

text: April 8 – In the Delhi Sultanate of India, European Dominican missionaries who have accompanied Jordan Catala are killed while stranded on Salsette Island. Jordan escapes and continues his ministry.


date: May 4

text: May 4 – The German play Ludus de decem virginibus, a dramatization of the New Testament Parable of the Ten Virgins, is first performed.


date: July 24

text: July 24 – A marriage contract is signed on behalf of Princess Euphemia, the 4-year-old sister of King Magnus of Sweden and Norway, and daughter of the regent Ingeborg of Norway, to eventually marry Albert of Mecklenburg the 3-year-old son of Henry I, Lord of Mecklenburg. The marriage will not take place until almost 15 years later.


text: The University of Florence is established by the Republic of Florence.

source_section: Events › By topic › Education


date: January 6

text: January 6 – William de Greystoke, English landowner (d. 1359)


date: February 5

text: February 5 – John II, Marquess of Montferrat, Italian nobleman (d. 1372)


date: July 5

text: July 5 – Joan of the Tower, queen consort of Scotland (d. 1362)


date: August 7

text: August 7 – Bande Nawaz, Indian Sufi scholar and writer (d. 1422)


date: August 29

text: August 29 – John of Artois, Count of Eu, French nobleman (d. 1387)


text: John III of Trebizond ("Megas Komnenos"), Emperor of Trebizond (d. 1362)


text: James I, Aragonese nobleman (House of Barcelona) (d. 1347)


text: Nicholas, Count of Holstein-Rendsburg, German nobleman and co-ruler (d. 1397)


text: Al-Mansur Abu Bakr, Mamluk ruler of Egypt and Syria (d. 1341)


text: Zhang Shicheng, Chinese rebel leader and ruler (d. 1367)


text: He Zhen, Chinese nobleman, general, and politician (d. 1388)


text: Johann Wittenborg, German merchant and politician (d. 1363)


text: Louis I of Brzeg ("Louis the Wise"), Polish nobleman from the (House of Piast) (d. 1398)


date: January 13

text: January 13 – Bonacossa Borri, Italian noblewoman (b. 1254)


date: March 18

text: March 18 – Matthew III Csák, Hungarian nobleman and knight


date: April 17

text: April 17 – Blanche of Portugal, Portuguese princess (b. 1259)


date: April 27

text: April 27 – Nicolò Albertini, Italian friar, cardinal and statesman


date: May 31

text: May 31 – Birger Magnusson, king of Sweden (House of Bjälbo)


date: July 1

text: July 1 – María de Molina, grandmother of and regent for 12-year-old King Alfonso XI of Castile, dies at the age of 56, two relatives assume the regency and split Castile between themselves while chaos exists inside the Spanish kingdom. Alfonso's uncle, Don Juan Manuel de Ivrea, and cousin Juan de Castilla y Haro (called Juan el Tuerto or Juan the One-Eyed) remain in power until Alfonso XI reaches majority on 13 August 1325.

source_section: Events › July – September


date: July 23

text: July 23 – Thomas de Berkeley, English nobleman and diplomat


date: July 31

text: July 31 – Ibn al-Banna' al-Marrakushi, Almohad mathematician


date: August 18

text: August 18 – Rinaldo da Concorezzo, Italian archbishop (b. 1245)


date: September 14

text: September 14 – Italian author Dante Alighieri, known for The Inferno, dies of malaria at Ravenna after having undertaken a diplomatic mission in the Republic of Venice.


date: October 29

text: October 29 – Stefan Milutin, Serbian king (b. 1253)


text: October 29 – King Stefan Milutin of Serbia dies after a 39-year reign. His son Stefan Konstantin claims the throne, but Konstantin's elder half-brother Stefan Dečanski starts a civil war and succeeds him.


date: November 9

text: November 9 – Walter Langton, English cleric and bishop (b. 1243)


date: November 27

text: November 27 – Kunigunde of Bohemia, Czech princess (b. 1265)


date: November 16

text: November 16 – The tiny Spanish emirate of Guadix, created after Nasr was forced to abdicate as Sultan of Granada in 1314, comes to an end upon Nasr's death.


date: March 10

text: March 10 – "Despenser War": Battle of Burton Bridge – King Edward II of England orders an attack on the fortified positions of the Contrariant army under his cousin Thomas of Lancaster at Walton-on-Trent in the Midlands. Thomas is heavily outnumbered and decides to withdraw, but is pursued by Edward's troops. He escapes with the remnants of his army to Tutbury Castle and evades Edward's patrols to cross the flooded River Dove. Finally, Thomas makes his way northwards.


date: March 16

text: March 16 – "Despenser War": Battle of Boroughbridge – English royal forces (some 4,000 men) led by Andrew Harclay defeat the Contrariant barons at Boroughbridge in Yorkshire. During the battle, Harclay holds the bridge against fierce rebel attacks and Thomas of Lancaster is forced to surrender.


date: March 22

text: March 22 – After a show trial at Pontefract Castle, and his conviction by a tribunal for treason against the crown, English rebel Thomas of Lancaster is beheaded in public.


date: June 26

text: June 26 – Alice de Lacy, Countess of Lincoln, widow of the Contrariant leader Thomas of Lancaster, surrenders almost all of her properties to King Edward II of England in order to avoid execution.

source_section: Events › April – June


text: July 1 – Al-Nasir Muhammad, the Mamluk Sultan of Egypt, asks for aid from the Ikhanate Mongol ruler of Iran, Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan, for help in modern-day southern Turkey. Al-Nasir has started a campaign against the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, led by King Oshin, and Pope John XXII has recently dispatched troops to aid the Armenians. By the time the Ikhanate troops arrive, a ceasefire has been negotiated between the Muslims and the Christians.


date: July 17

text: July 17 – An agreement is reached in the Byzantine civil war between Emperor Andronikos II and his rebellious grandson, Andronikos III Palaiologos, signed outside the Byzantine fortress of Epibates (modern Selimpaşa in Turkey). The two men agree that they will jointly rule Byzantium as co-Emperors.


date: August

text: August/September – Battle of Bliska: A coalition of Croatian noblemen (with the support of King Charles I of Hungary) defeats Mladen II Šubić of Bribir, ruler (ban) of Bosnia. After the battle, Mladen is arrested by the Croatian Parliament during an assembly held in Knin Fortress and is taken as a prisoner to the royal court in Hungary on October 8.


date: September 20

text: September 20 – Scotland's King Robert the Bruce begins the "Great Raid" on sites in northern England, leading troops across the River Tweed and starting with an attack on Norham Castle. England's King Edward II responds with an order directing the English Army to assemble at Newcastle upon Tyne to make a counterattack.


date: September 28

text: September 28 – Battle of Mühldorf: Bavarian forces (some 2,000 men) led by King Louis the Bavarian defeat the Austrians commanded by his cousin, Frederick the Fair, Duke of Austria and self-proclaimed pretender to the Bavarian throne (or anti-king) at Mühldorf in southern Bavaria. During the battle, Frederick is captured together with his 22-year-old brother, Henry the Friendly (along with 1,000 nobles). Frederick is imprisoned at Trausnitz Castle for two and a half years before his release by the signing of the Treaty of Trausnitz on March 13, 1325.


date: October 14

text: October 14 – "Great Raid": Battle of Old Byland – Scottish forces led by King Robert the Bruce defeat the English army in Yorkshire. During the battle, Robert and his highlanders charge themselves in a flanking position, from where the English troops are overrun, the most significant Scots victory over the English since Bannockburn in 1314. Edward II narrowly escapes capture and is forced to abandon his personal equipment, silver plate, jewelry and horse trappings. He flees with his retinue to Bridlington.


date: November 2

text: November 2 – Scotland's King Robert the Bruce ends his "Great Raid" campaign after six weeks, and withdraws his troops from northern England.


date: January 3

text: January 3 – Charles IV the Fair, the last member of the House of Capet and younger brother of King Philip V, becomes the new King of France upon Philip's death at Longchamp Abbey, near Paris. After Charles assumes the throne, he refuses to release his wife Blanche of Burgundy, who is imprisoned for adultery with a Norman knight, from prison, and asks that the marriage be annulled.


date: January 6

text: January 6 – Stephen Uroš III Dečanski becomes king of Serbia, having defeated his half-brother Stefan Konstantin in battle. He is crowned by Archbishop Nikodim I, and his 14-year-old son Stefan Dušan becomes co-ruler of Serbia. This is the first coronation for a "young king" in Serbia. Dečanski later grants him the province of Zeta as a fief, indicating his intention for Dušan to be his heir.


date: February 13

text: February 13 – The collapse of the central crossing tower of Ely Cathedral in eastern England, possibly as a result of digging foundations for the Lady Chapel, allows the construction of the Octagon that takes its place.


date: May 19

text: May 19 – At the request of King Charles IV of France, Pope John XXII annuls the marriage of Charles and Blanche of Burgundy. Blanche is transferred from prison to Gavray Castle.


date: July 6

text: July 6 – In northern Italy, troops of the semi-independent Patriarchate of Aquileia, led by Bishop Pagano della Torre, are routed in a battle at Bassignana against the Duchy of Milan, led by Duke Galeazzo I Visconti.


date: August 1

text: August 1 – Pope John XXII issues a general decree condemning the Fraticelli (Spriritual Franciscans) in the Kingdom of Naples, urging Robert, King of Naples ("the Wise") to suppress the adherents rebelling against Roman Catholic doctrine.


date: August 27

text: August 27 (Genkō 2, 16th day of 8th month) – Japanese historian Kokan Shiren completes his work, the Genkyo Shakusho, the oldest existing account of the development of Buddhism in Japan.


date: December 8

text: December 8 – Pope John XXII issues the papal bull Ad conditorem canonum, permanently renouncing the doctrine that the Roman Catholic Church owns all of the properties of the Franciscan Order.


text: The Dalmatian House of Keglević (generatio Percal) is mentioned in a document for the first time.

source_section: Events › Approximate date


date: April 14

text: April 14 – Baron Badlesmere, another leader of the unsuccessful Contrariant attempt to overthrow King Edward II of England, is found guilty of treason at a trial in Canterbury. His death sentence is carried out later in the day.


text: November 2 – Dmitry of Tver, nicknamed "Dmitry of the Fearsome Eyes", Grand Prince of Tver in Russia, becomes the new monarch of the Grand Principality of Vladimir.


date: November 3

text: November 3 – Margaret de Clare, widow of the Contrariant Baron Baldesmere, is freed from incarceration after having spent more than a year as the first woman ever to be imprisoned in the Tower of London (having defied the queen). Margaret retires to a religious life at the convent of the Minorite Sisters (later known as the Poor Clares).


date: December 25

text: December 25 – King James II of Aragon marries for the fourth time during his reign, taking as his bride Elisenda de Montcada, in a ceremony in the Spanish city of Tarragona.


date: January 11

text: January 11 – Emperor Kōmyō of Japan, with the birth name "Prince Yutahito". (d. 1380)


date: January 21

text: January 21 – Sin Don, Korean monk and teacher (d. 1371)


date: February 12

text: February 12 – John Henry, Bohemian prince and ruler (d. 1375)


date: June 24

text: June 24 – Joanna of Brabant, Dutch noblewoman (d. 1406)


text: Nicolas de Besse, French bishop and cardinal (d. 1369)


text: Imelda Lambertini, Italian nun and patroness (d. 1333)


text: Nicolaus of Luxemburg, Bohemian patriarch (d. 1358)


text: Agnes of Austria, German princess and ruler (d. 1392)


text: Al-Taftazani, Persian polymath and theologian (d. 1390)


text: Michael Asen IV, Bulgarian prince and co-ruler (d. 1355)


text: Reynold Grey, English nobleman and peerage (d. 1388)


text: January 3 – Philip V of France "the Tall", king of France (b. c.1291)


date: February 9

text: February 9 – Philip III of Falkenstein, German nobleman and co-ruler (b. 1257)


date: March 23

text: March 23 – (Battle of Boroughbridge)


text: April 14 – Bartholonew Badlesmere, English nobleman (b. 1275)


date: April 22

text: April 22 – Albert IV becomes the new Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg in Germany upon the death of his father, John II.


text: April 22 – John II, German nobleman, knight and co-ruler (b. 1275)


date: April 30

text: April 30 (1st waning of Kason 684 ME (Burmese calendar)) – Tarabya I becomes the new ruler of the Sagaing Kingdom of Burma after the death of King Saw Yun, according to the Yazawin Thit chronicle.


text: June 24 – In Italy, Galeazzo I Visconti becomes the new Lord of Milan upon the death of his father Matteo I Visconti.


date: July 22

text: July 22 – Louis I, French nobleman (House of Dampierre) (b. 1272)


date: August 25

text: August 25 – Beatrice of Silesia, queen consort of Germany (b. 1290)


date: September 7

text: September 7 – Henry the Admirable, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen (b. 1267)


date: September 17

text: September 17 – Robert III, Flemish nobleman and knight (b. 1249)


text: September 17 – Louis Dampierre becomes the new Count of Flanders (the Flemish-speaking half of modern-day Belgium) upon the death of his grandfather, Robert III, "The Lion of Flanders". Louis has become Count of Nevers upon the July 22 death of his father (and Robert's eldest son), Count Louis.


date: September 21

text: September 21 – King Charles IV the Fair of France marries the 18-year-old Marie of Luxembourg, the eldest daughter of the late Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor, following the annulment of Charles's marriage to Blanche of Burgundy. Marie dies 18 months later.


date: March 6

text: March 6 – Treaty of Paris: Count Louis I relinquishes Flemish claims over the County of Zeeland. He acknowledges William II the Good as count of Avesnes, Holland, and Zeeland as a state within the Holy Roman Empire. William occupies most of the Bishopric of Utrecht and tries to conquer Friesland (or Frisia) but is repelled by Governor Hessel Martena.

source_section: Events › January – March


date: May 21

text: May 21 – The German ruler Henry II, Lord of Mecklenburg, signs a peace treaty with King Christopher II of Denmark confirming his conquest of the Lordship of Rostock.


date: May 26

text: May 26 – Gediminas, Grand Duke of Lithuania, sends his third, fourth and fifth letters to German cities to advocate that residents relocate to his the Duchy of Lithuania.


date: May 30

text: May 30 – King Edward II of England makes a 13-year truce with Scotland at York. Despite the truce, Edward refuses to accept Robert the Bruce as ruler of an independent Scottish kingdom.


date: August 12

text: August 12 – Treaty of Nöteborg: Sweden signs a peace treaty with the Novgorod Republic, regulating the border (known as Finland today) for the first time. The treaty is negotiated with the help of the Hanseatic League in order to conclude the conflict over the control of the Gulf of Finland during the Swedish-Novgorodian Wars.


date: January 3

text: January 3 – Englishman Andrew Harclay, 1st Earl of Carlisle, who had recently defeated rebel Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster at the Battle of Boroughbridge, commits treason by signing a peace treaty with Scotland's King Robert the Bruce.


date: March 13

text: March 13 – Siege of Warangal: Sultan Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq sends an expeditionary army led by his son, Muhammad bin Tughluq, to the Kakatiya capital Warangal – after ruler Prataparudra has refused to make tribute payments. He besieges the city and finally, after a campaign of 8 months, Prataparudra surrenders on November 9.


date: May 31

text: May 31 – Zhao Xian, who had been the Song dynasty Emperor of China from 1274 to 1276, commits suicide as an alternative to being executed, after being viewed as a threat by the Yuan dynasty Mongol Emperor Yingzong.


date: June 28

text: June 28 – Siege of Villa di Chiesa: Aragonese forces under Prince Alfonso IV the Kind begin the siege at Villa di Chiesa. The fortified town is founded by Count Ugolino della Gherardesca, but is now under the control of the Republic of Pisa. Alfonso attacks the town with some 1,000 men and several siege engines, while the citizens are starved to death.


date: September 4

text: September 4 – Gegeen Khan, the Mongol Emperor Yingzong of China is assassinated in a coup d'etat on orders of Yesün Temür, who becomes the new Emperor


date: October 8

text: October 8 – John XXII claims the right to confirm imperial elections and demands that Louis IV of Bavarian surrender his claim to be King of the Romans.


date: October 15

text: October 15 – Hostilities that will lead to the War of Saint-Sardos between England and France begin when King Charles IV of France has a royal sergeant place a stake claiming to claim the French town of Saint-Sardos, territory within the jurisdiction of King Edward II of England (who is also the ruler of the Duchy of Aquitaine in southeastern France).


date: November

text: November – Flemish Revolt: A uprising in Flanders is caused by both excessive taxation levied by Louis I, and by his pro-French policies. The revolt is led by landowning farmers under Nicolaas Zannekin. Members of the local gentry join and William Deken, mayor of Bruges, becomes the leader of the revolt.


date: January 14

text: January 14 – On behalf of the Fraticelli order of Spiritual Franciscans, Italian lawyer Bonagrazia of Bergamo issues a protest to Pope John XXII of the December 8 papal bull Ad conditorem canonum. Pope John revises the text of the bull and reissues it, but also punishes Bonagrazia for his insolence by having him imprisoned.


date: January 25

text: January 25 – Vilnius, now the capital of Lithuania is first mentioned as a city, when the second of the Letters of Grand Duke Gediminas of the Duchy of Lithuania are sent to German cities inviting German Jews and other Germans to resettle in the city of "Vilna".


date: June 11

text: June 11 – Bertrand du Pouget, French papal legate, commanding a military campaign against the Ghibellines besieges Milan – but abandons the siege when Louis IV of Bavaria, King of the Romans, sends a relief army to Italy to aid the city and to protect his domains against the Kingdom of Naples, which is together with France the strongest ally of the Papal States.


date: July 18

text: July 18 – Thomas Aquinas, Italian priest and theologian, is canonized by Pope John XXII at the Avignon Cathedral and canonized as a saint.


date: November 12

text: November 12 – Pope John XXII issues the papal bull Cum inter nonnullos as an addendum to the December 8 bull Ad conditorem canonum, declaring that the assertion of the Fraticelli that Christ and the Apostles possessed no property (and advocated poverty as a Christian virtue) is a heresy.


date: February 20

text: February 20 – Norway's regency council takes a stand against Ingeborg Haakonsdater, mother of and regent for the 7-year-old King Magnus VII. Ingeborg is removed from her position as chief regent on charges of misuse of her power.


date: April 11

text: April 11 – Hugh II, the self-styled King of Arborea


date: February 25

text: February 25 – The Earl of Carlisle is arrested at Carlisle Castle by the Castle's warden, Anthony de Lucy, on charges of treason and turned over to the custody of King Edward II of England.


date: March 3

text: March 3 – The Earl of Carlisle is tried and convicted for treason, then executed later in the day. Carlisle is hanged, drawn and quartered, and parts of his body are sent to various sites in England for public display.


date: December 21

text: December 21 – In further retaliation by the King Charles of France against King Edward of England for the Saint-Sardos incident, Edward's chief advocate in France's parliament, Pons Tournemire, is arrested and imprisoned in the Grand Châtelet.


date: October 16

text: October 16 – Lord Raymond-Bernard, of the Aquitaine town of Montpezat, burns the village of Saint-Sardos to the ground and hangs the French royal sergeant who acted as agent for King Charles IV. France's government blames the England's Baron Basset of the Duchy of Gascony, for hiring Lord Raymond-Bernard.


date: April 23

text: April 23 – Elizabeth of Carinthia marries Peter, Crown Prince of Sicily, co-ruler (with his father Frederick II) of the Kingdom of Sicily.


date: April 25

text: April 25 – Nicolò Pistorino becomes the new Grand Chancellor of the Republic of Venice, succeeding Jacopo Bertoldi, who held the office for almost nine years.


date: May 15

text: May 15 – Marie of Luxembourg is formally crowned as Queen consort of France at Sainte-Chapelle after her September 21 marriage to King Charles IV.


date: January 18

text: January 18 – Catherine of Austria, German noblewoman (b. 1295)


text: March 3 – Andrew Harclay, English nobleman and knight (b. 1270)


date: March 25

text: March 25 – Mary of Hungary, Hungarian princess and queen (b. 1257)


date: April 13

text: April 13 – Joan of Lusignan, French noblewoman and ruler (b. 1260)


date: June 19

text: June 19 – Mechthild of Nassau, German noblewoman and princess


date: July 14

text: July 14 – Ralph Greystoke, English nobleman and knight (b. 1299)


date: August 3

text: August 3 – Augustin Kažotić, Croatian prelate and bishop (b. 1260)


date: September 4

text: September 4 – Gegeen Khan, Emperor Yingzong of China and Mongol ruler (b. 1302)


date: September 22

text: September 22 – Kosmas the Zographite, Bulgarian monk and saint


date: September 28

text: September 28 – In southern Burma (now Myanmar), Saw Zein becomes the new monarch of the Hanthawaddy kingdom (or Martaban) upon the death of his older brother, Saw O.


text: October 16 – Amadeus V, Savoyan nobleman and regent (b. 1252)


date: October 28

text: October 28 – John Grey, English nobleman, knight and politician


date: November 16

text: November 16 – Frederick the Brave, German nobleman (b. 1257)


date: December 7

text: December 7 – John of Nottingham and Robert of Coventry, two Englishmen believed by Coventry residents to be expert on necromancy, begin the process of casting a spell to kill King Edward II, Sir Hugh le Despenser of Winchester, as well as the prior of Coventry. John allegedly accepted 20 pounds sterling, and starts his necromancy by making wax figurines of the targets of elimination and then using them for the next six months. The two men will later be prosecuted for sorcery after one of the designated victims allegedly dies after a pin is driven into his figurine.


date: January 3

text: January 3 – The Taiding Era begins in China three months after Borjigin Yesün Temür ascends the throne.


date: June 11

text: June 11 – The Byzantine Empire, represented by diplomatic envoy Stephen Syropoulos, signs a treaty with the Republic of Venice, led by the Doge Giovanni Soranzo.


date: August 5

text: August 5 – The Blitar Regency is established on the island of Java (part of modern-day Indonesia) by Java's King Jayanegara of Majapahit.


date: December 25

text: December 25 – The Shōchū era begins in Japan during the reign of the Emperor Go-Daigo.


date: February 7

text: February 7 – Siege of Villa di Chiesa: Aragonese forces led by Prince Alfonso ("the Kind") capture the city of Villa di Chiesa due to attrition. The Pisan garrison surrenders after an 8-month siege. It represents the first act of the Aragonese conquest of Sardinia, for the creation of the Kingdom of Sardinia.


date: February 29

text: February 29 – Battle of Lucocisterna: Aragonese forces led by Prince Alfonso defeat a Pisan army, which is disembarked near the area of Capoterra. During the battle, Alfonso loses some 150 knights. On the same day, a Pisan fleet (some 30 galleys) is defeated in the Gulf of Cagliari at Sardinia.


date: June 24

text: June 24 – King Charles IV of France issues an order declaring the Duchy of Aquitaine, French territory ruled by King Edward II of England, forfeited to the crown. The move comes after King Edward fails to render homage, as Duke of Aquitaine, to King Charles. A French army of 7,000 men is massed at the border of Aquitaine for an invasion.


text: June 24 – Louis IV, King of the Romans, gives the Duchy of Pomerania (part of modern-day Germany and Poland) to his son, Louis, Margrave of Brandenburg, exacerbating the Brandenburg–Pomeranian conflict.


date: September 15

text: September 15 – War of Metz: The armies of Bohemia, Luxembourg, Bar and Lorraine under the "Four Lords" begin their siege of the walled city of Metz, capital of the Messin Republic. The attackers use a new weapon, the cannon, to fire projectiles at high speed against the city walls in order to destroy the city. The group withdraws at the end of the month after plundering the surrounding area.


text: September 22 – The War of Saint-Sardos ends after Charles, Count of Valois, forces the surrender of Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent at La Réole, the last English fortress at the Duchy of Aquitaine. A six-month truce follows


date: July 19

text: July 19 – (26 Rajab 724 AH) Mansa Musa, the extraordinarily-wealthy Emperor of Africa's Mali Empire, arrives in Cairo after three days of camping by the pyramids of Giza, and brings with him a large entourage of fellow Muslim pilgrims and a vast supply of gold. Musa, who is making the pilgrimage to Mecca, meets with Egypt's Sultan al-Nasir Muhammad and stays in Cairo for three months before departing with the pilgrims on October 18.


date: October 18

text: October 18 – (28 Shawwal 724 AH) After he and his entourage of Muslim pilgrims have stayed in Cairo for three months, the Emperor Mansa Musa of Africa's Mali Empire resumes the group's pilgrimage to Mecca


date: January 23

text: January 23 – England's envoy to France, Ralph Basset, and Raymond-Bernard de Montpezat, decline to obey an order to appear before King Charles IV of France to answer for the October 16 burning of Saint-Sardos. King Charles orders their properties forfeited to the crown.


date: March 23

text: March 23 – Pope John XXII excommunicates Louis IV (Ludwig the Bavarian), King of the Romans, as Louis has not sought papal approval during his conflict against his rival Frederick the Fair. Louis, in turn, declares the pope a heretic, because of John's opposition to the view of the absolute poverty of Christ held by some Franciscans.


date: April 15

text: April 15 – The coronation of King Hugh IV of Cyprus, nephew of the late King Henry II, takes place at the Cathedral of Saint Sophia in Nicosia.


date: April 20

text: April 20 – Boleslaw III, Duke of Wroclaw, declares his Polish duchy to be a vassal of the Holy Roman Empire as part of a defense agreement made with Louis IV, King of the Romans.


date: May 22

text: May 22 – Louis IV, King of the Romans, comes to the defense of the Spiritual Franciscans, delivering a sharp criticism of Pope John XXII, whom Louis describes as a heretic.


date: July 11

text: July 11 – Pope John XXII declares that Louis IV will be deposed as King of the Romans because of his March 23 excommunication from the Roman Catholic Church. King Louis continues his reign and in the 1325 Treaty of Trausnitz makes his rival, the Habsburg claimant Friedrich, his co-king.


date: August 16

text: August 16 – In Italy, Pagano della Torre, Patriarch of Aquileia, is defeated in battle at Vaprio d'Agogna in Piedmont in his attempt to reclaim Milan from the Visconti family, and abandons further crusades.


date: August 25

text: August 25 – War of Metz: In Western Europe, the "Four Lords", King John of Bohemia ("the Blind"), his uncle Baldwin, Archbishop of Trier, Count Edward I, Count of Bar and Frederick IV, Duke of Lorraine ("the Fighter") meet at Remich (in modern-day Luxembourg) and make plans to work jointly on besieging the city of Metz (in modern-day France).


date: September 11

text: September 11 – When the body of King Sancho of Majorca arrives in the French city of Perpignan for interment at the Perpignan Cathedral, a mob attacks the funeral procession and steals valuables that had accompanied the corpse.


date: November 10

text: November 10 – Pope John XXII issues the papal bull Quia quorundam, his third major statement concerning apostolic poverty and the Fraticelli, in response to a claim that an earlier bull by Pope Nicholas III had implied that Christ and the apostles had lived without possessions. In addition, Pope John restates the doctrine of Papal infallibility, declaring that "What the Roman pontiffs have once defined in faith and morals with the key of knowledge stands so immutably that it is not permitted to a successor to revoke it."


text: William of Ockham, English Franciscan friar and philosopher, is summoned from Oxford to the papal court at Avignon; either at this time or later he comes into conflict with Pope John XXII and never returns to England.

source_section: Events › By topic › Religion


text: Marsilius of Padua writes Defensor pacis ("The Defender of Peace"), a theological treatise arguing against the power of the clergy and in favor of a secular state.


date: October 7

text: October 7 – (Genko 4, 19th day of 9th month) The Shōchū Incident, the plan by Japan's Emperor Go-Daigo to overthrow the Kamakura shogunate, is discovered by the shogun's security police, the Rokuhara Tandai, and persons involved (other than the Emperor) are arrested and punished.

source_section: Events › October – December


date: May 3

text: May 3 – France's Consistori del Gay Saber holds its first annual contest to determine the best poet in the Kingdom. Arnaut Vidal de Castelnou d'Ari wins the first prize, the violeta d'aur. The contest continues for 160 years, ceasing in 1484.


date: July 5

text: July 5 – A royal wedding takes place in France as King Charles IV marries his cousin Joan of Évreux, the 14-year-old daughter of his uncle, Louis, Count of Évreux.


date: July 26

text: July 26 – Basarab I, ruler of Wallachia (part of modern-day Romania) is designated by King Charles I of Hungary (Károly Róbert) as a subject of the Hungarian crown.


date: August 15

text: August 15 – The coronation of King Christopher II of Denmark (who has ruled since 1320) takes place at Vordingborg, with his son Prince Erik Christoffersen being crowned alongside him as the samkonge, a junior co-monarch.


date: November 3

text: November 3 – At Kilkenny in Ireland, Petronilla de Meath, the maidservant of Dame Alice Kyteler, becomes the first person in the British Isles to be burned at the stake as a witch. Dame Alice had been able to escape before capture.


date: March 5

text: March 5 – David II, king of Scotland (Clan Bruce) (d. 1371)

source_section: Births


date: August 4

text: August 4 – Siraj al-Din al-Bulqini, Egyptian scholar (d. 1403)


text: Catherine of Savoy, Italian noblewoman and ruler (d. 1388)


text: Giovanni Manfredi, Italian nobleman and knight (d. 1373)


text: Louis of Durazzo, Italian nobleman and diplomat (d. 1362)


text: Constance of Sicily, Sicilian princess and regent (d. 1355)


text: William the Rich, Marquis of Namur, French nobleman and ruler (d. 1391)


text: Bayan Khutugh, Mongol concubine and empress (d. 1365)


text: Tsunenaga, Japanese prince and heir-apparent (d. 1338)


text: Vettor Pisani, Venetian nobleman and admiral (d. 1380)


date: February 26

text: February 26 – Dino Compagni, Italian politician and historian

source_section: Deaths