54 BCE

Second of Caesar's Invasions of Britain: Julius Caesar receives nominal submission from the tribal chief Cassivellaunus and installs Mandubracius as a friendly king. Pompey builds the first permanent theatre in Rome. Crassus arrives in Syria as proconsul and invades the Parthian Empire, initiating the Roman–Persian Wars, which were to last nearly seven centuries.

In the 50s BC, the 1st century BC.

Conflict & Security

  • July – Second of Caesar's Invasions of Britain: Julius Caesar receives nominal submission from the tribal chief Cassivellaunus and installs Mandubracius as a friendly king.source
  • Winter – Ambiorix revolts in Gaul.source
  • Crassus arrives in Syria as proconsul and invades the Parthian Empire, initiating the Roman–Persian Wars, which were to last nearly seven centuries.source

Exploration & Expansion

  • Consuls: Appius Claudius Pulcher and Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus.source

Culture & Society

  • Pompey builds the first permanent theatre in Rome.source
  • Octavia the Younger and Gaius Claudius Marcellus marry.source

Births

  • Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus, Roman consul (died AD 25)source
  • Tibullus, Roman poet and writer (died 19 BC)source
  • Seneca the Elder, Roman rhetorician and writersource

Deaths

  • July 31 – Aurelia Cotta, mother of Julius Caesar (born 120 BC)source
  • Quintus Laberius Durus, Roman tribune of Julius Caesarsource
  • Lucius Gellius Publicola, Roman politician (approximate date)source
  • Quintus Titurius Sabinus, Roman legate of Julius Caesarsource
  • Huo Chengjun, empress of the Han Dynastysource
  • Lucius Aurunculeius Cotta, Roman legate of Julius Caesarsource
  • Lucius Valerius Flaccus, Roman tribune and praetorsource
  • Gaius Valerius Catullus, Roman poet and writer (born 84 BC)source
  • Julia, daughter of Julius Caesar (dies in childbirth)source
  • Ariovistus, leader of the Suebi (approximated date)source
  • Mithridates III, king of Parthia (executed by Orodes II)source