World leaders in 1863
Everyone who held a state’s top posts at some point in 1863, in the order they held them. Names are from Wikipedia’s list of state leaders and appear only where the person’s Wikidata record agrees on the post and the years. What happened in 1863 →
Major powers in 1863
United StatesUnited States history
- President
- Abraham Lincoln
United KingdomUnited Kingdom history
- Queen
- Victoria
- Prime minister
- Henry John Temple
Russian EmpireRussia history
- Emperor
- Alexander II
Qing dynastyChina history
- Emperor
- Tongzhi
Second French EmpireFrance history
- Emperor
- Napoleon III
Tokugawa shogunate of JapanJapan history
- Emperor
- Kōmei
Africa
BasutolandLesotho history
- King or Paramount Chief
- Moshoeshoe I
Beylik of TunisTunisia history
- Grand vizier
- Mustapha Khaznadar
Ethiopian Empire
- Emperor
- Tewodros II
Khedivate of EgyptEgypt history
- Khedive
- Isma'il Pasha
Kingdom of Eswatini (Swaziland)
- King
- Mswati II
Kingdom of Rwanda
LiberiaLiberia history
- President
- Stephen Allen Benson
Merina Kingdom
- Queen
- Rasoherina
- Prime minister
- Rainivoninahitriniony
Morocco: Alaouite dynasty
- Sultan
- Mohammed IV
Orange Free StateSouth Africa history
- Acting State President
- Jacobus Johannes Venter
Sultanate of Zanzibar
- Sultan
- Majid
Americas
Argentine RepublicArgentina history
- President
- Bartolomé Mitre
Cherokee NationUnited States history
- dissident Chief
- Stand Watie
Confederate States of AmericaUnited States history
- President
- Jefferson Davis
El SalvadorEl Salvador history
- President
- Gerardo Barrios, then Francisco Dueñas
Empire of BrazilBrazil history
- Emperor
- Pedro II
Granadine ConfederationColombia history
- President
- Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera
HondurasHonduras history
- Acting President
- José María Medina, then Francisco Inestroza
Liberal Republic of ChileChile history
- President
- José Joaquín Pérez
Miskito CoastNicaragua history
NicaraguaNicaragua history
- President
- Tomás Martínez
Oriental Republic of UruguayUruguay history
- President
- Bernardo Berro
Republic of BoliviaBolivia history
- President
- José María Achá
Republic of EcuadorEcuador history
- President
- Gabriel García Moreno
Republic of GuatemalaGuatemala history
- President
- Rafael Carrera
Republic of ParaguayParaguay history
- President
- Francisco Solano López
Second Federal Republic of MexicoMexico history
- President
- Benito Juárez
Second Haitian RepublicHaiti history
- President
- Fabre Geffrard
Second Mexican EmpireMexico history
- Regents of the Mexican Empire
- Juan Almonte
State of VenezuelaVenezuela history
- President
- José Antonio Páez, then Juan Crisóstomo Falcón
United StatesUnited States history
- President
- Abraham Lincoln
Asia
Aceh SultanateIndonesia history
Bruneian EmpireBrunei history
- Sultan
- Abdul Momin
Emirate of Afghanistan: Barakzai dynastyAfghanistan history
- Emir
- Dost Mohammad Khan, then Sher Ali Khan
Emirate of BukharaUzbekistan history
Emirate of NejdSaudi Arabia history
Joseon
- King
- Gojong
Kedah SultanateMalaysia history
Kingdom of ChampasakLaos history
- King
- Kham Souk
Kingdom of Luang PhrabangLaos history
- King
- Chantharath
Konbaung dynasty
- King
- Mindon
Ottoman EmpireTurkey history
- Sultan
- Abdülaziz
- Grand Vizier
- Mehmed Fuad Pasha, then Yusuf Kamil Pasha
Qing dynastyChina history
- Emperor
- Tongzhi
Rattanakosin Kingdom of SiamThailand history
- King
- Mongkut
Ryukyu Kingdom: Second Shō dynastyJapan history
- King
- Shō Tai
Selangor SultanateMalaysia history
- Sultan
- Abdul Samad
Sheikhdom of Abu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates history
Sheikhdom of DubaiUnited Arab Emirates history
- ruler
- Hasher bin Maktoum
Sheikhdom of KuwaitKuwait history
- Sheikh
- Sabah II
Sheikhdom of SharjahUnited Arab Emirates history
Sheikhdom of Umm Al QuwainUnited Arab Emirates history
Surakarta SunanateIndonesia history
- Sultan
- Pakubuwono IX
Terengganu SultanateMalaysia history
- Sultan
- Omar Riayat Shah
Tokugawa shogunate of JapanJapan history
- Emperor
- Kōmei
Yogyakarta SultanateIndonesia history
- Sultan
- Hamengkubuwono VI
Europe
Andorra
- Episcopal Co-Prince
- Josep Caixal i Estradé
- French Co-Prince
- Napoléon III
Anhalt-Bernburg
- Duke
- Alexander Karl
Anhalt-Dessau
- of Anhalt
- Leopold IV
Austria-Hungary: Archduchy/ Austrian Empire/ Kingdom of Hungary
- Chairmen of the ministers' conference
- Rainer Ferdinand
BelgiumBelgium history
- King
- Leopold I
- Prime minister
- Charles Rogier
DenmarkDenmark history
- King
- Frederik VII, then Christian IX
- Council president
- Carl Christian Hall, then Ditlev Gothard Monrad
Duchy of Holstein
- Duke
- Frederik VII, then Christian IX
Duchy of Limburg (1839–1867)
- Duke
- William III
Duchy of Nassau
- Duke
- Adolphe
Electorate of Brandenburg, Kingdom of Prussia
- King
- William I
Grand Duchy of Oldenburg
- Grand Duke
- Peter II
Kingdom of Bavaria
- King
- Maximilian II
Kingdom of Bohemia
- King
- Francis Joseph
Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg)Croatia history
- King
- Franz Joseph
Kingdom of Galicia and LodomeriaUkraine history
- King
- Francis Joseph I
Kingdom of GreeceGreece history
- King
- George I
- Prime minister
- Dimitrios Voulgaris, then Aristeidis Moraitinis, then Zinovios Valvis, then Diomidis Kyriakos, then Benizelos Roufos
Kingdom of ItalyItaly history
- Prime minister
- Luigi Carlo Farini, then Marco Minghetti
Kingdom of Lombardy–VenetiaItaly history
- King
- Francis Joseph I
Kingdom of PortugalPortugal history
- King
- Luís I
Kingdom of Spain (1810–1873)Spain history
- Queen
- Isabella II
Kingdom of the NetherlandsNetherlands history
- King
- William III
- Prime minister
- Johan Rudolph Thorbecke
Liechtenstein
- Prince
- Johann II
LuxembourgLuxembourg history
- Grand Duke
- William III
- Prime minister
- Victor de Tornaco
Monaco
- Prince
- Charles III
Papal States
- Pope
- Pius IX
Principality of Waldeck and Pyrmont
- Prince
- George Victor
Russian EmpireRussia history
- Emperor
- Alexander II
Saxe-Meiningen
- Duke
- Bernhard II
Second French EmpireFrance history
- Emperor
- Napoleon III
Sweden–Norway
- King
- Charles XV/IV
- First Minister
- Frederik Stang
SwitzerlandSwitzerland history
- President of the Confederation
- Constant Fornerod
United Kingdom of Great Britain and IrelandUnited Kingdom history
- Queen
- Victoria
- Prime minister
- Henry John Temple
United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia/ Romanian United Principalities/ RomaniaRomania history
- Domnitor
- Alexander John Cuza
- Prime minister
- Nicolae Kretzulescu, then Mihail Kogălniceanu
Oceania
Kings of Uvea (Wallis)
- Queen
- Falakika Seilala