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Bernicia

Anglo-Saxon kingdom in northern Britain

33 dated entries naming Bernicia, drawn from 26 separate years between 525 CE and 920 CE. Nothing here is written by us: each line is the sentence a Wikipedia year article used, and the link beside it opens the exact revision.

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6th century

  • 525Bernicia (North East England) is settled by the Angles (approximate date).source
  • 547King Ida establishes the kingdom of Bernicia. He builds Bamburgh Castle (northeast England) as a fortress that will become the seat of Anglo-Saxon kings (according to the Historia Brittonum).source
  • 559Glappa succeeds his father Ida as king of Bernicia (North East England). During his rule, Anglian settlers expand their territory in what is now southeastern Scotland.source
  • 559Ida, king of Bernicia (approximate date)source
  • 560Adda succeeds his brother Glappa as king of Bernicia (approximate date).source
  • 560Glappa, king of Bernicia (approximate date)source
  • 568Æthelric succeeds his brother Adda as king of Bernicia (modern Scotland). He rules from 568–572 (approximate date).source
  • 568Adda, king of Bernicia (approximate date)source
  • 570Battle of Gwen Ystrad: A British alliance is forged between the kingdoms of Strathclyde, Bryneich and Elmet (approximate date).source
  • 572Theodric succeeds his brother Æthelric as king of Bernicia (southeastern Scotland). He rules until 579.source
  • 579Frithuwald succeeds his brother Theodoric as king of Bernicia (Scotland). He rules from 579–585 (approximate date).source
  • 579Theodric, king of Bernicia (Scotland)source
  • 585Hussa succeeds his brother Frithuwald as king of Bernicia (approximate date).source
  • 585Edwin of Northumbria, king of Deira and Bernicia (d. 633)source
  • 590Eanfrith, king of Bernicia (d. 634)source
  • 593Æthelfrith of Northumbria succeeds Hussa as king of Bernicia (Scotland). His accession possibly involves dynastic rivalry and the exile of Hussa's relatives.source
  • 593Hussa, king of Bernicia (approximate date)source
  • 595King Dynod Bwr of the Pennines (Northern England) dies fighting off a Bernician invasion. His kingdom Hen Ogledd ("The Old North") is overrun, and his family flees to Powys (approximate date).source
  • 598Battle of Catraeth: The Gododdin under Mynyddog Mwynfawr, Brythonic king of Hen Ogledd ("The Old North"), defeat the Angles of Bernicia and Deira, at the stronghold of Catraeth in Northern England (approximate date).source

7th century

  • 616Rædwald installs Edwin as king of Northumbria, effectively confirming him as bretwalda. He takes power in his native Deira and in Bernicia. His reign marks the domination of Northumbria as leading Anglo-Saxon state of the British Isles.source
  • 632October 12 or 633 – Edwin of Northumbria, king of Deira and Berniciasource
  • 633Osric succeeds his uncle Edwin as king of Deira. Prince Eanfrith returns from Pictland to claim his rightful crown of Bernicia (Northern England). Both revert to paganism.source
  • 634Battle of Heavenfield: Oswald, possibly accompanied by a force of Scots (or Picts), defeats and kills Cadwallon with a Welsh army near Hexham (northern England). He reunites Deira with Bernicia, and becomes king of Northumbria.source
  • 634Eanfrith, king of Bernicia (northern England)source
  • 641Prince Oswiu of Bernicia conquers Gododdin (or "The Old North") as far north as Manau (modern Scotland), on behalf of his half-brother, King Oswald (approximate date).source
  • 642Oswiu succeeds his half-brother Oswald as king of Bernicia. He strengthens his position by marrying Eanflæd, daughter of King Edwin of Northumbria, then in exile in the Kingdom of Kent. This marriage takes place between 642 and 644.source
  • 650King Oswiu of Bernicia seeks Irish support against the forces of Penda. While in Ireland he has a liaison with Fín, the granddaughter of King Colmán Rímid Uí Néill (approximate date).source
  • 651Œthelwald succeeds his uncle Oswine as king of Deira, and allies himself with Oswiu's enemy, King Penda of Mercia. Queen Eanflæd of Bernicia donates the estate of Gilling for the foundation of a monastery.source
  • 652King Penda of Mercia invades Bernicia, and besieges King Oswiu at Bamburgh, in North East England.source
  • 653King Œthelwald of Deira rejects Oswiu's overlordship, and turns to Penda instead. Penda mounts another attack against Bernicia (approximate date).source

9th century

  • 867Surviving members of the Northumbrian royal court flee into the northernmost part of the kingdom, Bernicia.source

10th century

  • 918Battle of Corbridge: High-Reeve Ealdred I persuades King Constantine II of Scotland to help him reclaim his position in Bernicia. They mount an invasion of his now Norse controlled lands. The Vikings under Ragnall ua Ímair (or Rægnald) defeat the Scots and their allies at Corbridge (Northern Northumbria), but take heavy casualties themselves.source
  • 920High-Reeve Ealdred I, ruler of the former kingdom of Bernicia (Northumbria), and his brother Uhtred, submit to the overlordship of King Edward the Elder (approximate date).source

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