990 CE

The Pax Ecclesiae, an edict by the Catholic Church, is promulgated. Held at three synods in different parts of southern and central France (at Charroux, Narbonne and Puy), it attempts to outlaw acts of war against non-combatants and the clergy. Construction of the Al-Hakim Mosque by orders of the Fatimid vizier Gawar Al-Siqilli begins in Cairo (modern Egypt). Al-Mansur, Chancellor and effective ruler of Al-Andalus, conquers the Castle of Montemor-o-Velho (modern Portugal), expanding the Umayyad Caliphate of Córdoba.

In the 990s, the 10th century.

Geopolitics & Diplomacy

  • Al-Mansur, Chancellor and effective ruler of Al-Andalus, conquers the Castle of Montemor-o-Velho (modern Portugal), expanding the Umayyad Caliphate of Córdoba.source

Conflict & Security

  • The Ghana Empire takes the Berber town of Aoudaghost (modern Mauritania) as the West African nation makes further gains.source

Religion & Belief

  • June – The Pax Ecclesiae, an edict by the Catholic Church, is promulgated. Held at three synods in different parts of southern and central France (at Charroux, Narbonne and Puy), it attempts to outlaw acts of war against non-combatants and the clergy.source
  • Construction of the Al-Hakim Mosque by orders of the Fatimid vizier Gawar Al-Siqilli begins in Cairo (modern Egypt).source

Culture & Society

  • The city of Lund, Sweden is founded, during the reign of the Danish king Sweyn Forkbeard (approximate date).source

Births

  • November 11 – Gisela of Swabia, Holy Roman Empress (died 1043)source
  • Chananel ben Chushiel, Tunisian Jewish rabbi (died 1053)source
  • Mieszko II, king of Poland (approximate date)source
  • Theodoric II, margrave of Lower Lusatia (died 1034)source
  • Tughril, sultan of the Seljuk Empire (died 1063)source
  • John Scotus, bishop of Mecklenburg (died 1066)source
  • John Vladimir, Serbian prince (approximate date)source
  • Kálfr Árnason, Norwegian chieftain (approximate date)source
  • Bi Sheng, Chinese inventor of movable type printing (died 1051)source
  • Al-Qadi Abu Ya'la, Arab Hanbali scholar and jurist (died 1066)source
  • Edmund II (Ironside), king of England (died 1016)source
  • Grigor Magistros, Armenian prince (died 1058)source
  • Nissim ben Jacob, Tunisian Jewish rabbi (died 1062)source
  • Conrad II (the Elder), Holy Roman Emperor (died 1039)source

Deaths

  • March 15 – Siegfried I (the Older), German noblemansource
  • March 25 – Nicodemus of Mammola, Italian monk and saintsource
  • April 23 – Ekkehard II (the Courtier), Swiss monk and abbotsource
  • June 15 – Theophanu, Holy Roman Empress and regentsource
  • July 26 – Fujiwara no Kaneie, Japanese statesman (born 929)source
  • September 16 – Folcuin, Frankish abbot of Saint Bertinsource
  • December 10 – Folcmar (Poppo), bishop of Utrechtsource
  • Al-Saghani, Persian astronomer and historian of sciencesource
  • Sahl ben Matzliah, Jewish philosopher (born 910)source
  • Oliba Cabreta, count of Cerdanya and Besalú (Spain)source
  • Qarghuyah, Hamdanid administrator and governorsource
  • Indra Pala, ruler of the Pala Dynasty (India) (born 960)source
  • Al-Tamimi, Arab writer and physician (approximate date)source
  • Dunash ben Labrat, Arab Jewish commentator (born 920)source