World leaders in 1870
Everyone who held a state’s top posts at some point in 1870, in the order they held them. Names are from Wikipedia’s list of state leaders and appear only where the person’s Wikidata record agrees on the post and the years. What happened in 1870 →
Major powers in 1870
United StatesUnited States history
- President
- Ulysses S. Grant
United KingdomUnited Kingdom history
- Queen
- Victoria
- Prime minister
- William Ewart Gladstone
Russian EmpireRussia history
- Emperor
- Alexander II
Qing dynastyChina history
- Emperor
- Tongzhi
Second French EmpireFrance history
- Emperor
- Napoleon III
French Third RepublicFrance history
- Interim Head of state
- Louis Jules Trochu
- President of the Council of ministers
- Louis-Jules Trochu
Empire of JapanJapan history
- Emperor
- Meiji
Africa
BasutolandLesotho history
- King or Paramount Chief
- Moshoeshoe I
Beylik of TunisTunisia history
- Grand vizier
- Mustapha Khaznadar
Khedivate of EgyptEgypt history
- Khedive
- Isma'il Pasha
Kingdom of Rwanda
LiberiaLiberia history
- President
- James Spriggs Payne, then Edward James Roye
Merina Kingdom
- Queen
- Ranavalona II
- Prime minister
- Rainilaiarivony
Morocco: Alaouite dynasty
- Sultan
- Mohammed IV
Sultanate of Zanzibar
Americas
Argentine RepublicArgentina history
- President
- Domingo Faustino Sarmiento
CanadaCanada history
- Queen
- Victoria
- Prime minister
- John A. Macdonald
El SalvadorEl Salvador history
- President
- Francisco Dueñas
Empire of BrazilBrazil history
- Emperor
- Pedro II
HondurasHonduras history
- Provisional President
- Francisco Cruz Castro
- President
- José María Medina
Liberal Republic of ChileChile history
- President
- José Joaquín Pérez
NicaraguaNicaragua history
- President
- Fernando Guzmán Solórzano
Oriental Republic of UruguayUruguay history
- President
- Lorenzo Batlle y Grau
Republic of BoliviaBolivia history
- Provisional President
- Mariano Melgarejo
Republic of EcuadorEcuador history
- President
- Gabriel García Moreno
Republic of GuatemalaGuatemala history
- President
- Vicente Cerna Sandoval
Republic of ParaguayParaguay history
- Acting President
- Facundo Machaín
Republic of PeruPeru history
- President
- José Balta
Second Haitian RepublicHaiti history
- President
- Jean-Nicolas Nissage Saget
United Mexican StatesMexico history
- President
- Benito Juárez
United StatesUnited States history
- President
- Ulysses S. Grant
United States of ColombiaColombia history
- President
- Santos Gutiérrez, then Eustorgio Salgar
United States of VenezuelaVenezuela history
- Interim President
- Guillermo Tell Villegas
- President
- Antonio Guzmán Blanco
Asia
Aceh SultanateIndonesia history
- Sultan
- Alauddin Ibrahim Mansur Syah, then Alauddin Mahmud Syah II
Bruneian EmpireBrunei history
- Sultan
- Abdul Momin
Emirate of Afghanistan: Barakzai dynastyAfghanistan history
- Emir
- Sher Ali Khan
Emirate of BukharaUzbekistan history
Empire of JapanJapan history
- Emperor
- Meiji
Hakims of BahrainBahrain history
Joseon
- King
- Gojong
Kedah SultanateMalaysia history
Khanate of KokandUzbekistan history
Kingdom of ChampasakLaos history
- King
- Kham Souk
Kingdom of Luang PhrabangLaos history
- King
- Chantharath
Konbaung dynasty
- King
- Mindon
Ottoman EmpireTurkey history
- Sultan
- Abdülaziz
- Grand Vizier
- Mehmed Emin Âli Pasha
Qing dynastyChina history
- Emperor
- Tongzhi
Rattanakosin Kingdom of SiamThailand history
- King
- Chulalongkorn
Ryukyu Kingdom: Second Shō dynastyJapan history
- King
- Shō Tai
Selangor SultanateMalaysia history
- Sultan
- Abdul Samad
Sheikhdom of Abu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates history
Sheikhdom of AjmanUnited Arab Emirates history
Sheikhdom of DubaiUnited Arab Emirates history
- ruler
- Hasher bin Maktoum
Sheikhdom of KuwaitKuwait history
- Sheikh
- Abdullah II
Sheikhdom of Ras Al KhaimahUnited Arab Emirates history
Sheikhdom of SharjahUnited Arab Emirates history
Sheikhdom of Umm Al QuwainUnited Arab Emirates history
Surakarta SunanateIndonesia history
- Sultan
- Pakubuwono IX
Terengganu SultanateMalaysia history
- Sultan
- Omar Riayat Shah
Yogyakarta SultanateIndonesia history
- Sultan
- Hamengkubuwono VI
Europe
Andorra
- Episcopal Co-Prince
- Josep Caixal i Estradé
- French Co-Prince
- Napoléon III
Anhalt-Dessau
- of Anhalt
- Leopold IV
Austria-Hungary: Archduchy/ Austrian Empire/ Kingdom of Hungary
- Emperor and King
- Franz Joseph I
BelgiumBelgium history
- King
- Leopold II
- Prime minister
- Walthère Frère-Orban, then Jules d'Anethan
DenmarkDenmark history
- King
- Christian IX
- Council president
- Christian Emil Krag-Juel-Vind-Frijs, then Ludvig Holstein-Holsteinborg
Electorate of Brandenburg, Kingdom of Prussia
- King
- William I
French Third RepublicFrance history
- Interim Head of state
- Louis Jules Trochu
- President of the Council of ministers
- Louis-Jules Trochu
Grand Duchy of Oldenburg
- Grand Duke
- Peter II
Kingdom of Bavaria
- King
- Ludwig II
Kingdom of Bohemia
- King
- Francis Joseph
Kingdom of Croatia-SlavoniaCroatia history
- King
- Franz Joseph
- Ban
- Levin Rauch
Kingdom of Galicia and LodomeriaUkraine history
- King
- Francis Joseph I
Kingdom of GreeceGreece history
- King
- George I
- Prime minister
- Thrasyvoulos Zaimis, then Epameinondas Deligeorgis, then Alexandros Koumoundouros
Kingdom of ItalyItaly history
- Prime minister
- Giovanni Lanza
Kingdom of PortugalPortugal history
- King
- Luís I
- Prime minister
- João Carlos Saldanha de Oliveira Daun, then António José de Ávila
Kingdom of Spain (1810–1873)Spain history
- King
- Amadeo I
Kingdom of the NetherlandsNetherlands history
- King
- William III
- Prime minister
- Pieter Philip van Bosse
Liechtenstein
- Prince
- Johann II
LuxembourgLuxembourg history
- Grand Duke
- William III
- Prime minister
- Emmanuel Servais
Monaco
- Prince
- Charles III
Papal States
- Pope
- Pius IX
Principality of Waldeck and Pyrmont
- Prince
- George Victor
Russian EmpireRussia history
- Emperor
- Alexander II
San Marino
- Captains Regent
- Innocenzo Bonelli, then Domenico Fattori
Second French EmpireFrance history
- Emperor
- Napoleon III
Sweden–Norway
- King
- Charles XV/IV
- First Minister
- Frederik Stang
SwitzerlandSwitzerland history
- President of the Confederation
- Jakob Dubs
United Kingdom of Great Britain and IrelandUnited Kingdom history
- Queen
- Victoria
- Prime minister
- William Ewart Gladstone
United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia/ Romanian United Principalities/ RomaniaRomania history
- Domnitor
- Carol I
- Prime minister
- Dimitrie Ghica, then Ion Ghica, then Alexandru G. Golescu, then Manolache Costache Epureanu
Oceania
Kings of Uvea (Wallis)
Malietoa dynasty
- Malietoa
- Malietoa Talavou Tonumaipe'a