World leaders in 1905
Everyone who held a state’s top posts at some point in 1905, in the order they held them. Names are from Wikipedia’s list of state leaders and appear only where the person’s Wikidata record agrees on the post and the years. What happened in 1905 →
Major powers in 1905
United StatesUnited States history
- President
- Theodore Roosevelt
United KingdomUnited Kingdom history
- King
- Edward VII
- Prime minister
- Arthur Balfour, then Henry Campbell-Bannerman
Russian EmpireRussia history
- Emperor
- Nicholas II
Qing dynastyChina history
- Emperor
- Guangxu
French Third RepublicFrance history
- President
- Émile Loubet
- President of the Council of ministers
- Émile Combes, then Maurice Rouvier
German EmpireGermany history
- Emperor
- Wilhelm II
- Chancellor
- Bernhard von Bülow
Empire of JapanJapan history
- Emperor
- Meiji
- Prime minister
- Katsura Tarō
Africa
Beylik of TunisTunisia history
Congo Free State
- Sovereign
- Leopold II of Belgium
Ethiopian Empire
- Emperor
- Menelik II
Khedivate of EgyptEgypt history
- Khedive
- Abbas II
- Prime minister
- Mostafa Fahmy Pasha
Kingdom of Rwanda
- King
- Yuhi V Musinga
LiberiaLiberia history
- President
- Arthur Barclay
Sultanate of Morocco: Alaouite dynasty
- Sultan
- Abdelaziz
Sultanate of Mwali
- Queen/Sultan
- Salima Machamba bint Saidi Hamadi Makadara
Sultanate of Zanzibar
- Sultan
- Ali II
Americas
Argentine RepublicArgentina history
- President
- Manuel Quintana
BoliviaBolivia history
- President
- Ismael Montes
CanadaCanada history
- Prime minister
- Wilfrid Laurier
Cherokee NationUnited States history
- Principal Chief
- William Charles Rogers
EcuadorEcuador history
- President
- Leónidas Plaza
El SalvadorEl Salvador history
- President
- Pedro José Escalón
First Brazilian RepublicBrazil history
- President
- Rodrigues Alves
First Costa Rican RepublicCosta Rica history
- President
- Ascensión Esquivel Ibarra
GuatemalaGuatemala history
- President
- Manuel Estrada Cabrera
HondurasHonduras history
- President
- Manuel Bonilla
MexicoMexico history
- President
- Porfirio Díaz
NicaraguaNicaragua history
- President
- José Santos Zelaya
Parliamentary Era ChileChile history
- President
- Germán Riesco
Republic of ColombiaColombia history
- President
- Rafael Reyes Prieto
Republic of CubaCuba history
- President
- Tomás Estrada Palma
Republic of Haiti (1859–1957)Haiti history
- President
- Pierre Nord Alexis
Republic of ParaguayParaguay history
- President
- Juan Bautista Gaona, then Cecilio Báez
Republic of PeruPeru history
- Constitutional President
- José Pardo y Barreda
United StatesUnited States history
- President
- Theodore Roosevelt
United States of VenezuelaVenezuela history
- President
- Cipriano Castro
UruguayUruguay history
- President
- José Batlle y Ordóñez
Asia
Emirate of Abu DhabiTurkey history
Emirate of Afghanistan: Barakzai dynastyAfghanistan history
- Emir
- Habibullah Khan
Emirate of AjmanTurkey history
Emirate of BukharaUzbekistan history
Emirate of DubaiTurkey history
Emirate of FujairahTurkey history
Emirate of SharjahTurkey history
Empire of JapanJapan history
- Emperor
- Meiji
- Prime minister
- Katsura Tarō
French Protectorate of Luang PhrabangLaos history
- King of Luang Phrabang
- Sisavang Vong
Hakims of BahrainBahrain history
Kedah SultanateMalaysia history
Khanate of KhivaUzbekistan history
- ., Khan (Feruz Khan), Khan
- Muhammad Rahim Bahadur II
Korean Empire
- Emperor
- Gojong
Negeri SembilanMalaysia history
- Yamtuan
- Muhammad
Ottoman (Turkish) EmpireTurkey history
- Sultan
- Abdul Hamid II
- Grand Vizier
- Mehmed Ferid Pasha
Perak Sultanate: Siak dynastyMalaysia history
Protectorate of BruneiBrunei history
QatarQatar history
Qing dynastyChina history
- Emperor
- Guangxu
Saudi ArabiaSaudi Arabia history
- Emir
- Ibn Saud
Selangor SultanateMalaysia history
- Sultan
- Sulaiman
Sheikhdom of KuwaitKuwait history
- Sheikh
- Mubarak I
Siam/Thailand: Rattanakosin KingdomThailand history
- King
- Chulalongkorn
Sublime State of Persia: Qajar dynastyIran history
Sultanate/ State of Muscat and OmanOman history
- Sultan
- Faisal
Surakarta SunanateIndonesia history
- Sultan
- Pakubuwono X
Terengganu SultanateMalaysia history
- Sultan
- Zainal Abidin III
Umm Al QuwainTurkey history
Yogyakarta SultanateIndonesia history
- Sultan
- Hamengkubuwono VII
Europe
Andorra
- Episcopal Co-Prince
- Joan Josep Laguarda i Fenollera
- French Co-Prince
- Émile Loubet
Austria-Hungary: Austrian Empire and Kingdom of HungaryAustria history
- Emperor
- Franz Joseph I
- Prime Minister
- István Tisza, then Géza Fejérváry
BelgiumBelgium history
- King
- Leopold II
- Prime minister
- Paul de Smet de Naeyer
Bourbon Restoration of SpainSpain history
- King
- Alfonso XIII
- Prime minister
- Marcelo Azcárraga Palmero, then Eugenio Montero Ríos, then Segismundo Moret
Duchy of AnhaltGermany history
- Duke
- Frederick II
Fascist Italy (1922–1943)Italy history
French Third RepublicFrance history
- President
- Émile Loubet
- President of the Council of ministers
- Émile Combes, then Maurice Rouvier
German EmpireGermany history
- Emperor
- Wilhelm II
- Chancellor
- Bernhard von Bülow
Grand Duchy of FinlandFinland history
- Grand Prince
- Nicholas II
Grand Duchy of LuxembourgLuxembourg history
- Grand Duke
- Adolphe, then William IV
- Prime minister
- Paul Eyschen
Kingdom of BavariaGermany history
- King
- Otto
Kingdom of Bohemia
- King
- Franz Joseph I
Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia
- King
- Franz Joseph
Kingdom of DenmarkDenmark history
- King
- Christian IX
- Council president
- Johan Henrik Deuntzer, then Jens Christian Christensen
Kingdom of Galicia and LodomeriaUkraine history
- King
- Francis Joseph I
Kingdom of GreeceGreece history
- King
- George I
- Prime minister
- Theodoros Deligiannis, then Dimitrios Rallis, then Georgios Theotokis
Kingdom of ItalyItaly history
- Prime minister
- Giovanni Giolitti, then Tommaso Tittoni, then Alessandro Fortis
Kingdom of NorwayNorway history
- King
- Haakon VII
- Prime minister
- Christian Michelsen
Kingdom of PortugalPortugal history
- King
- Carlos I
Kingdom of RomaniaRomania history
- King
- Charles I
- Prime minister
- Dimitrie Sturdza
Kingdom of Serbia / Yugoslavia: Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes / Kingdom of Yugoslavia
- Prime minister
- Nikola Pašić
Kingdom of SwedenSweden history
- King of Sweden
- Oscar II
- Prime minister
- Erik Gustaf Boström, then Johan Ramstedt, then Christian Lundeberg, then Karl Staaff
Kingdom of WürttembergGermany history
- King
- William II
Kosovo Vilayet
- Governor
- Mahmud Shevket Pasha
Liechtenstein
- Prince
- Johann II
- Governor
- Carl von In der Maur
Monaco
- Prince
- Albert I
NetherlandsNetherlands history
- Queen
- Wilhelmina
- Prime minister
- Abraham Kuyper, then Theo de Meester
Principality of BulgariaBulgaria history
- Prince
- Ferdinand I
- Prime minister
- Racho Petrov
Principality of Montenegro
- President
- Božo Petrović-Njegoš, then Lazar Mijušković
Principality of Waldeck and PyrmontGermany history
- Prince
- Friedrich
Russian EmpireRussia history
- Emperor
- Nicholas II
Saxe-Coburg and GothaGermany history
- Duke
- Charles Edward
SwitzerlandSwitzerland history
- President of the Confederation
- Marc-Emile Ruchet
Union between Sweden and Norway
- King of Norway
- Oscar II
- Prime minister
- Erik Gustaf Boström, then Sigurd Ibsen, then Johan Ramstedt, then Christian Lundeberg, then Jørgen Løvland, then Francis Hagerup, then Christian Michelsen
United Kingdom of Great Britain and IrelandUnited Kingdom history
- King
- Edward VII
- Prime minister
- Arthur Balfour, then Henry Campbell-Bannerman
Oceania
AustraliaAustralia history
- King
- Edward VII
- Prime minister
- George Reid, then Alfred Deakin
Kings of Uvea (Wallis)
- King
- Lusiano Aisake
Tuʻi Kanokupolu of TongaTonga history
- King
- George Tupou II