World leaders in 1919

Everyone who held a state’s top posts at some point in 1919, in the order they held them. Names are from Wikipedia’s list of state leaders and appear only where the person’s Wikidata record agrees on the post and the years. What happened in 1919 →

Major powers in 1919

United StatesUnited States history

President: Woodrow Wilson

United KingdomUnited Kingdom history

King: George V
Prime minister: David Lloyd George

RussiaRussia history

Premier: Vladimir Lenin

Republic of China (1916–1949)China history

President: Xu Shichang

French Third RepublicFrance history

President: Raymond Poincaré
President of the Council of ministers: Georges Clemenceau

Weimar Republic of GermanyGermany history

President: Friedrich Ebert
Chancellor: Philipp Scheidemann, then Gustav Bauer

Empire of JapanJapan history

Emperor: Taishō
Prime minister: Hara Takashi

Africa

Beylik of TunisTunisia history

Bey: Muhammad V an-Nasir
Grand vizier: Taïeb Djellouli

Ethiopian Empire

Empress: Zewditu I

Kingdom of Rwanda

King: Yuhi V Musinga

LiberiaLiberia history

President: Daniel Edward Howard

Sultanate of EgyptEgypt history

Prime minister: Hussein Roshdy Pasha, then Mohamed Said Pasha, then Youssef Wahba

Sultanate of Morocco: Alaouite dynasty

Sultan: Yusef

Sultanate of Zanzibar

Sultan: Khalifa II

Union of South AfricaSouth Africa history

King: George V
Prime minister: Jan Smuts

Americas

Argentine RepublicArgentina history

President: Hipólito Yrigoyen

BoliviaBolivia history

President: José Gutiérrez Guerra

CanadaCanada history

Prime minister: Robert Borden

Dominion of NewfoundlandCanada history

King: George V
Prime minister: William F. Lloyd, then Michael Patrick Cashin

EcuadorEcuador history

President: Alfredo Baquerizo

El SalvadorEl Salvador history

Provisional President: Alfonso Quiñónez Molina
President: Jorge Meléndez

First Brazilian RepublicBrazil history

President: Delfim Moreira, then Epitácio Pessoa

First Costa Rican RepublicCosta Rica history

President: Federico Tinoco Granados, then Juan Quirós Segura, then Francisco Aguilar Barquero

GuatemalaGuatemala history

President: Manuel Estrada Cabrera

HondurasHonduras history

President: Francisco Bertrand
Acting President: Salvador Aguirre, then Vicente Mejía Colindres, then Francisco Bográn

MexicoMexico history

President: Venustiano Carranza

NicaraguaNicaragua history

President: Emiliano Chamorro Vargas

Parliamentary Era ChileChile history

President: Juan Luis Sanfuentes

Republic of ColombiaColombia history

President: Marco Fidel Suárez

Republic of CubaCuba history

President: Mario García Menocal

Republic of Haiti (1859–1957)Haiti history

President: Philippe Sudré Dartiguenave

Republic of ParaguayParaguay history

President: Manuel Franco, then José Pedro Montero

Republic of PeruPeru history

Constitutional President: José Pardo y Barreda, then Augusto B. Leguía y Salcedo

United StatesUnited States history

President: Woodrow Wilson

UruguayUruguay history

President: Feliciano Viera, then Baltasar Brum

Asia

Bogd Khanate of MongoliaMongolia history

Khagan: Bogd Khan
Prime minister: Gonchigjalzangiin Badamdorj

Emirate of Abu DhabiTurkey history

ruler: Hamdan bin Zayed Al Nahyan

Emirate of Afghanistan: Barakzai dynastyAfghanistan history

Emir: Habibullah Khan, then Nasrullah Khan

Emirate of AjmanTurkey history

ruler: Humaid bin Abdulaziz Al Nuaimi

Emirate of BukharaUzbekistan history

Amir: Muhammad Alim Khan bin Abdul-Ahad

Emirate of DubaiTurkey history

ruler: Saeed bin Maktoum bin Hasher Al Maktoum

Emirate of FujairahTurkey history

ruler: Hamad bin Abdullah Al Sharqi

Emirate of SharjahTurkey history

ruler: Khalid bin Ahmad Al Qasimi

Empire of JapanJapan history

Emperor: Taishō
Prime minister: Hara Takashi

French Protectorate of Luang PhrabangLaos history

King of Luang Phrabang: Sisavang Vong

Hakims of BahrainBahrain history

Hakim: Isa ibn Ali Al Khalifa

Kedah SultanateMalaysia history

Sultan: Abdul Hamid Halim Shah ll

Kingdom of HejazSaudi Arabia history

King: Hussein bin Ali

Negeri SembilanMalaysia history

Yamtuan: Muhammad

Nguyễn dynastyVietnam history

Emperor: Khải Định

North Yemen: Mutawakkilite Kingdom of YemenYemen history

King: Yahya Muhammad Hamid ed-Din

Ottoman (Turkish) EmpireTurkey history

Sultan: Mehmed VI
Grand Vizier: Ahmet Tevfik Pasha, then Damat Ferid Pasha, then Ali Rıza Pasha

PakualamanIndonesia history

Sultan: Pakualam VII

Perak Sultanate: Siak dynastyMalaysia history

Sultan: Iskandar

Protectorate of BruneiBrunei history

Sultan: Muhammad Jamalul Alam II

QatarQatar history

Emir: Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani

Republic of China (1916–1949)China history

President: Xu Shichang

Saudi ArabiaSaudi Arabia history

Emir: Ibn Saud

Selangor SultanateMalaysia history

Sultan: Sulaiman

Sheikhdom of KuwaitKuwait history

Sheikh: Salim I

Siam/Thailand: Rattanakosin KingdomThailand history

King: Vajiravudh

Sublime State of Persia: Qajar dynastyIran history

Shah: Ahmad Shah Qajar

Sultanate of Siak Sri IndrapuraIndonesia history

Sultan: Syarif Kasim II

Sultanate/ State of Muscat and OmanOman history

Sultan: Taimur

Surakarta SunanateIndonesia history

Sultan: Pakubuwono X

Umm Al QuwainTurkey history

ruler: Rashid bin Ahmad Al Mualla

Yogyakarta SultanateIndonesia history

Sultan: Hamengkubuwono VII

Europe

Andorra

Episcopal Co-Prince: Juan Benlloch i Vivó
French Co-Prince: Raymond Poincaré

Azerbaijan Democratic RepublicAzerbaijan history

Head of state: Alimardan Topchubashov

BelgiumBelgium history

King: Albert I
Prime minister: Léon Delacroix

Bourbon Restoration of SpainSpain history

King: Alfonso XIII
Prime minister: Álvaro de Figueroa, then Antonio Maura, then Joaquín Sánchez de Toca, then Manuel Allendesalazar y Muñoz de Salazar

Czechoslovakia: First Republic

President: Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk
Prime minister: Karel Kramář, then Vlastimil Tusar

Democratic Republic of GeorgiaGeorgia history

Prime minister: Noe Zhordania

Estonian Provisional GovernmentEstonia history

Prime minister: Konstantin Päts, then Otto Strandman

Fascist Italy (1922–1943)Italy history

King: Victor Emmanuel III

First Hungarian RepublicHungary history

President: Mihály Károlyi
Prime Minister: Mihály Károlyi, then Dénes Berinkey

First Portuguese RepublicPortugal history

President: João do Canto e Castro, then António José de Almeida

First Republic of ArmeniaArmenia history

Chairman: Avetis Aharonian
Prime minister: Hovhannes Kajaznuni, then Alexander Khatisian

French Third RepublicFrance history

President: Raymond Poincaré
President of the Council of ministers: Georges Clemenceau

Grand Duchy of LuxembourgLuxembourg history

Grand Duchess: Marie-Adélaïde, then Charlotte
Prime minister: Émile Reuter

Hungarian Republic (1919–1920)Hungary history

Regent: Joseph August
Prime minister: István Friedrich, then Károly Huszár

Hungarian Soviet RepublicHungary history

Acting Head of State: Gyula Peidl
Prime Minister: Sándor Garbai, then Gyula Peidl

Kingdom of BulgariaBulgaria history

Tsar: Boris III
Prime minister: Teodor Teodorov, then Aleksandar Stamboliyski

Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia

Ban: Antun Mihalović

Kingdom of DenmarkDenmark history

King: Christian X
Prime minister: Carl Theodor Zahle

Kingdom of Finland (1918)Finland history

Regent: Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim
Prime minister: Lauri Ingman, then Kaarlo Castrén

Kingdom of GreeceGreece history

King: Alexander
Prime minister: Eleftherios Venizelos

Kingdom of IcelandIceland history

King: Christian X
Prime minister: Jón Magnússon

Kingdom of ItalyItaly history

King: Victor Emmanuel III
Prime minister: Vittorio Emanuele Orlando, then Francesco Saverio Nitti

Kingdom of Montenegro

President in-exile: Evgenije Popović

Kingdom of NorwayNorway history

King: Haakon VII
Prime minister: Gunnar Knudsen

Kingdom of RomaniaRomania history

King: Ferdinand I
Prime minister: Ion I. C. Brătianu, then Artur Văitoianu, then Alexandru Vaida-Voevod

Kingdom of SwedenSweden history

King: Gustaf V
Prime minister: Nils Edén

Liechtenstein

Prince: Johann II
Governor: Prince Karl Aloys

Monaco

Prince: Albert I
Minister of state: Raymond Le Bourdon

NetherlandsNetherlands history

Queen: Wilhelmina
Prime minister: Charles Ruijs de Beerenbrouck

Principality of AlbaniaAlbania history

Prince in exile: Wilhelm
Chairman of the Provisional Government: Turhan Përmeti
Prime minister: Turhan Përmeti

Republic of EstoniaEstonia history

Prime minister: Otto Strandman, then Jaan Tõnisson

Republic of FinlandFinland history

President: Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg
Prime minister: Kaarlo Castrén, then Juho Vennola

Republic of German-AustriaAustria history

President: Karl Seitz
Chancellor: Karl Renner

Republic of LatviaLatvia history

Prime minister: Kārlis Ulmanis

Republic of LithuaniaLithuania history

President: Antanas Smetona
Prime minister: Mykolas Sleževičius, then Ernestas Galvanauskas

Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Sovereign state (1917–1922)Russia history

Premier: Vladimir Lenin

Russian State (1918–1920)Russia history

Supreme Ruler: Alexander Kolchak

Second Polish RepublicPoland history

Chief of State: Józef Piłsudski
Prime minister: Jędrzej Moraczewski, then Ignacy Jan Paderewski, then Leopold Skulski

SwitzerlandSwitzerland history

President of the Confederation: Gustave Ador

Ukrainian People's RepublicUkraine history

Prime minister: Volodymyr Chekhivsky, then Serhii Ostapenko, then Borys Martos, then Isaak Mazepa

United Kingdom of Great Britain and IrelandUnited Kingdom history

King: George V
Prime minister: David Lloyd George

Weimar Republic of GermanyGermany history

President: Friedrich Ebert
Chancellor: Philipp Scheidemann, then Gustav Bauer

Oceania

AustraliaAustralia history

King: George V
Prime minister: Billy Hughes

Dominion of New ZealandNew Zealand history

King: George V
Prime minister: William Massey

Kingdom of Tonga (1900–70)Tonga history

King: Sālote Tupou III

Kings of Uvea (Wallis)

King: Vitolo Kulihaapai