World leaders in 2004

Everyone who held a state’s top posts at some point in 2004, in the order they held them. Names are from Wikipedia’s list of state leaders and appear only where the person’s Wikidata record agrees on the post and the years. What happened in 2004 →

Major powers in 2004

United StatesUnited States history

President: George W. Bush

United KingdomUnited Kingdom history

Queen: Elizabeth II
Prime Minister: Tony Blair

RussiaRussia history

President: Vladimir Putin
Prime minister: Mikhail Kasyanov, then Mikhail Fradkov
Acting Prime minister: Viktor Khristenko

ChinaChina history

General Secretary; paramount leader: Hu Jintao
President: Hu Jintao
Premier: Wen Jiabao

FranceFrance history

President: Jacques Chirac
Prime minister: Jean-Pierre Raffarin

GermanyGermany history

President: Johannes Rau, then Horst Köhler
Chancellor: Gerhard Schröder

JapanJapan history

Emperor: Akihito
Prime minister: Junichirō Koizumi

IndiaIndia history

President: A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
Prime minister: Atal Bihari Vajpayee, then Manmohan Singh

Africa

AlgeriaAlgeria history

President: Abdelaziz Bouteflika
Prime Minister: Ahmed Ouyahia

AngolaAngola history

President: José Eduardo dos Santos
Prime minister: Fernando da Piedade Dias dos Santos

BeninBenin history

President: Mathieu Kérékou

BotswanaBotswana history

President: Festus Mogae

Burkina FasoBurkina Faso history

President: Blaise Compaoré
Prime minister: Paramanga Ernest Yonli

BurundiBurundi history

President: Domitien Ndayizeye

CameroonCameroon history

President: Paul Biya
Prime minister: Peter Mafany Musonge, then Ephraïm Inoni

Cape VerdeCape Verde history

President: Pedro Pires
Prime minister: José Maria Neves

Central African Republic

President: François Bozizé
Prime minister: Célestin Gaombalet

ChadChad history

President: Idriss Déby
Prime minister: Moussa Faki

Comoros

President: Azali Assoumani

Democratic Republic of the Congo (Kinshasa)Democratic Republic of the Congo history

President: Joseph Kabila

DjiboutiDjibouti history

President: Ismaïl Omar Guelleh
Prime minister: Dileita Mohamed Dileita

EgyptEgypt history

President: Hosni Mubarak
Prime minister: Atef Ebeid, then Ahmed Nazif

Equatorial Guinea

President: Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo
Prime minister: Cándido Muatetema Rivas, then Miguel Abia Biteo Boricó

EritreaEritrea history

President: Isaias Afwerki

EthiopiaEthiopia history

President: Girma Wolde-Giorgis
Prime minister: Meles Zenawi

GabonGabon history

President: Omar Bongo

GambiaGambia history

President: Yahya Jammeh

GhanaGhana history

President: John Kufuor

GuineaGuinea history

President: Lansana Conté
Prime minister: Lamine Sidimé, then François Lonseny Fall, then Cellou Dalein Diallo

Guinea-Bissau

Acting President: Henrique Rosa
Prime minister: Artur Sanhá, then Carlos Gomes Júnior

Ivory CoastIvory Coast history

President: Laurent Gbagbo
Prime minister: Seydou Diarra

KenyaKenya history

President: Mwai Kibaki

LesothoLesotho history

King: Letsie III
Prime minister: Pakalitha Mosisili

LiberiaLiberia history

Chairman of the National Transitional Government: Gyude Bryant

Libyan Arab Jamahiriya

Brotherly Leader and Guide of the Revolution: Muammar Gaddafi
Prime minister: Shukri Ghanem

Madagascar

President: Marc Ravalomanana
Prime minister: Jacques Sylla

MalawiMalawi history

President: Bakili Muluzi, then Bingu wa Mutharika

MaliMali history

President: Amadou Toumani Touré
Prime minister: Ahmed Mohamed ag Hamani, then Ousmane Issoufi Maïga

MauritaniaMauritania history

President: Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya
Prime minister: Sghair Ould M'Bareck

MauritiusMauritius history

President: Anerood Jugnauth
Prime minister: Paul Bérenger

MoroccoMorocco history

King: Mohammed VI
Prime Minister: Driss Jettou

MozambiqueMozambique history

President: Joaquim Chissano
Prime minister: Pascoal Mocumbi, then Luísa Diogo

NamibiaNamibia history

President: Sam Nujoma
Prime minister: Theo-Ben Gurirab

NigerNiger history

President: Mamadou Tandja
Prime minister: Hama Amadou

Nigeria: Fourth RepublicNigeria history

President: Olusegun Obasanjo

Republic of Somaliland

President: Dahir Riyale Kahin

Republic of the Congo (Brazzaville)Republic of the Congo history

President: Denis Sassou Nguesso

RwandaRwanda history

President: Paul Kagame
Prime minister: Bernard Makuza

Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic

President: Mohamed Abdelaziz
Prime Minister: Abdelkader Taleb Omar

São Tomé and Príncipe

President: Fradique de Menezes
Prime minister: Maria das Neves, then Damião Vaz d'Almeida

SenegalSenegal history

President: Abdoulaye Wade
Prime minister: Idrissa Seck, then Macky Sall

Seychelles

President: France-Albert René, then James Michel

Sierra LeoneSierra Leone history

President: Ahmad Tejan Kabbah

South AfricaSouth Africa history

President: Thabo Mbeki

SudanSudan history

President: Omar al-Bashir

SwazilandEswatini history

King: Mswati III
Prime minister: Themba Dlamini

TanzaniaTanzania history

President: Benjamin Mkapa
Prime minister: Frederick Sumaye

TogoTogo history

President: Gnassingbé Eyadéma
Prime minister: Koffi Sama

Transitional Federal Government of the Republic of Somalia

President: Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed
Prime minister: Ali Mohammed Ghedi

Transitional National Government of the Republic of Somalia

President: Abdiqasim Salad Hassan
Prime minister: Muhammad Abdi Yusuf

TunisiaTunisia history

President: Zine El Abidine Ben Ali
Prime minister: Mohamed Ghannouchi

Uganda

President: Yoweri Museveni
Prime minister: Apolo Nsibambi

ZambiaZambia history

President: Levy Mwanawasa

Zimbabwe

President: Robert Mugabe

Americas

Antigua and Barbuda

Queen: Elizabeth II
Prime minister: Lester Bird, then Baldwin Spencer

ArgentinaArgentina history

President: Néstor Kirchner

BahamasBahamas history

Queen: Elizabeth II
Prime minister: Perry Christie

BarbadosBarbados history

Queen: Elizabeth II
Prime minister: Owen Arthur

BelizeBelize history

Queen: Elizabeth II
Prime minister: Said Musa

Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela

President: Hugo Chávez

BoliviaBolivia history

President: Carlos Mesa

BrazilBrazil history

President: Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva

CanadaCanada history

Queen: Elizabeth II
Prime minister: Paul Martin

ChileChile history

President: Ricardo Lagos

ColombiaColombia history

President: Álvaro Uribe Vélez

Costa RicaCosta Rica history

President: Abel Pacheco de la Espriella

CubaCuba history

President of the State Council: Fidel Castro
President of the Council of Ministers: Fidel Castro

Dominica

President: Nicholas Liverpool
Prime minister: Pierre Charles, then Roosevelt Skerrit
Acting President: Osborne Riviere

Dominican RepublicDominican Republic history

President: Hipólito Mejía, then Leonel Fernández

EcuadorEcuador history

President: Lucio Gutiérrez

El SalvadorEl Salvador history

President: Antonio Saca

Grenada

Queen: Elizabeth II
Prime minister: Keith Mitchell

GuatemalaGuatemala history

President: Alfonso Portillo, then Óscar Berger

GuyanaGuyana history

President: Bharrat Jagdeo
Prime minister: Sam Hinds

HaitiHaiti history

President: Jean-Bertrand Aristide
Provisional President: Boniface Alexandre
Prime minister: Yvon Neptune, then Gérard Latortue

HondurasHonduras history

President: Ricardo Maduro

JamaicaJamaica history

Queen: Elizabeth II
Prime minister: P. J. Patterson

MexicoMexico history

President: Vicente Fox

NicaraguaNicaragua history

President: Enrique Bolaños

PanamaPanama history

President: Mireya Moscoso, then Martín Torrijos

ParaguayParaguay history

President: Nicanor Duarte

PeruPeru history

Constitutional President: Alejandro Toledo
Prime Minister: Carlos Ferrero

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Queen: Elizabeth II
Prime minister: Denzil Douglas

Saint Lucia

Queen: Elizabeth II
Prime minister: Kenny Anthony

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Queen: Elizabeth II

SurinameSuriname history

President: Ronald Venetiaan

Trinidad and TobagoTrinidad and Tobago history

President: George Maxwell Richards
Prime minister: Patrick Manning

United StatesUnited States history

President: George W. Bush

UruguayUruguay history

President: Jorge Batlle

Asia

BangladeshBangladesh history

President: Iajuddin Ahmed
Prime minister: Khaleda Zia

BhutanBhutan history

Druk Gyalpo: Jigme Singye Wangchuck
Prime minister: Jigme Thinley, then Yeshey Zimba

BruneiBrunei history

Sultan: Hassanal Bolkiah

Burma/Myanmar: State Peace and Development Council (1997–2011)

Chairman: Than Shwe
Prime minister: Khin Nyunt, then Soe Win

CambodiaCambodia history

King: Norodom Sihanouk, then Norodom Sihamoni
Prime minister: Hun Sen

ChinaChina history

General Secretary; paramount leader: Hu Jintao
President: Hu Jintao
Premier: Wen Jiabao

Coalition Provisional Authority of Iraq

Prime minister: Adnan al-Pachachi, then Mohsen Abdel Hamid, then Mohammad Bahr al-Ulloum, then Massoud Barzani, then Ezzedine Salim, then Ghazi Mashal Ajil al-Yawer

CyprusCyprus history

President: Tassos Papadopoulos

IndiaIndia history

President: A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
Prime minister: Atal Bihari Vajpayee, then Manmohan Singh

IndonesiaIndonesia history

President: Megawati Sukarnoputri, then Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono

IranIran history

Supreme Leader: Ali Khamenei
President: Mohammad Khatami

Islamic Republic of Afghanistan

President: Hamid Karzai

IsraelIsrael history

President: Moshe Katsav
Prime minister: Ariel Sharon

JapanJapan history

Emperor: Akihito
Prime minister: Junichirō Koizumi

JordanJordan history

King: Abdullah II
Prime minister: Faisal al-Fayez

KazakhstanKazakhstan history

President: Nursultan Nazarbayev
Prime minister: Daniyal Akhmetov

Kingdom of Nepal

King: Gyanendra
Prime minister: Surya Bahadur Thapa, then Sher Bahadur Deuba

KuwaitKuwait history

Emir: Jaber III
Prime minister: Sabah Al-Ahmad

Kyrgyzstan

President: Askar Akayev
Prime minister: Nikolai Tanayev

LaosLaos history

Chairman: Khamtai Siphandone
President: Khamtai Siphandone
Prime minister: Bounnhang Vorachit

LebanonLebanon history

President: Émile Lahoud
Prime minister: Rafic Hariri, then Omar Karami

MalaysiaMalaysia history

Yang di-Pertuan Agong: Sirajuddin of Perlis
Prime minister: Abdullah Ahmad Badawi

Maldives

President: Maumoon Abdul Gayoom

MongoliaMongolia history

President: Natsagiin Bagabandi
Prime minister: Nambaryn Enkhbayar, then Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj

North KoreaNorth Korea history

General Secretary: Kim Jong-il
Premier: Pak Pong-ju

Northern Cyprus

President: Rauf Denktaş
Prime minister: Mehmet Ali Talat

OmanOman history

Sultan: Qaboos bin Said

PakistanPakistan history

President: Pervez Musharraf
Prime minister: Zafarullah Khan Jamali, then Chaudhry Shujaat Hussain, then Shaukat Aziz

PhilippinesPhilippines history

President: Gloria Macapagal Arroyo

QatarQatar history

Emir: Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
Prime minister: Abdullah bin Khalifa

Republic of IraqIraq history

Interim President: Ghazi Mashal Ajil al-Yawer
Acting Prime minister: Ayad Allawi

Saudi ArabiaSaudi Arabia history

King: Fahd

SingaporeSingapore history

President: S. R. Nathan
Prime minister: Goh Chok Tong, then Lee Hsien Loong

South KoreaSouth Korea history

President: Roh Moo-hyun
Prime minister: Lee Hae-chan

Sri LankaSri Lanka history

President: Chandrika Kumaratunga
Prime minister: Ranil Wickremesinghe, then Mahinda Rajapaksa

State of Palestine

President: Yasser Arafat
Prime minister: Ahmed Qurei

State/ Kingdom of Bahrain

King: Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa
Prime minister: Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa

Syria

President: Bashar al-Assad
Prime minister: Muhammad Naji al-Otari

TaiwanTaiwan history

President: Chen Shui-bian
Premier: Yu Shyi-kun

TajikistanTajikistan history

President: Emomali Rahmon
Prime minister: Oqil Oqilov

ThailandThailand history

King: Bhumibol Adulyadej
Prime minister: Thaksin Shinawatra

Timor-Leste (independent 2002–present)

President: Xanana Gusmão
Prime minister: Mari Alkatiri

TurkeyTurkey history

President: Ahmet Necdet Sezer
Prime minister: Recep Tayyip Erdoğan

Turkmenistan

President: Saparmurat Niyazov

United Arab EmiratesUnited Arab Emirates history

President: Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, then Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan
Prime minister: Maktoum bin Rashid Al Maktoum

UzbekistanUzbekistan history

President: Islam Karimov
Prime minister: Shavkat Mirziyoyev

VietnamVietnam history

General Secretary: Nông Đức Mạnh
President: Trần Đức Lương
Prime minister: Phan Văn Khải

YemenYemen history

Prime minister: Abdul Qadir Bajamal

Europe

(Former Yugoslav) Republic of MacedoniaNorth Macedonia history

President: Boris Trajkovski, then Branko Crvenkovski
Prime minister: Branko Crvenkovski, then Hari Kostov, then Vlado Bučkovski
Acting Prime minister: Radmila Šekerinska

Abkhazia

President: Vladislav Ardzinba
Prime minister: Raul Khajimba, then Nodar Khashba

AlbaniaAlbania history

President: Alfred Moisiu
Prime minister: Fatos Nano

Andorra

Episcopal Co-Prince: Joan Enric Vives Sicília
French Co-Prince: Jacques Chirac
Prime minister: Marc Forné Molné

ArmeniaArmenia history

President: Robert Kocharyan
Prime minister: Andranik Margaryan

AustriaAustria history

President: Thomas Klestil, then Heinz Fischer
Chancellor: Wolfgang Schüssel

AzerbaijanAzerbaijan history

President: Ilham Aliyev
Prime minister: Artur Rasizade

BelarusBelarus history

President: Alexander Lukashenko
Prime minister: Sergei Sidorsky

BelgiumBelgium history

King: Albert II
Prime minister: Guy Verhofstadt

Bosnia and HerzegovinaBosnia and Herzegovina history

High Representative: Paddy Ashdown
Chairman: Adnan Terzić, then Dragan Čović, then Sulejman Tihić, then Borislav Paravac
Member: Sulejman Tihić, then Dragan Čović, then Borislav Paravac

BulgariaBulgaria history

President: Georgi Parvanov
Prime minister: Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha

CroatiaCroatia history

President: Stjepan Mesić
Prime minister: Ivo Sanader

Czech RepublicCzech Republic history

President: Václav Klaus
Prime Minister: Vladimír Špidla, then Stanislav Gross

DenmarkDenmark history

Queen: Margrethe II
Prime minister: Anders Fogh Rasmussen

EstoniaEstonia history

President: Arnold Rüütel
Prime minister: Juhan Parts

FinlandFinland history

President: Tarja Halonen
Prime minister: Matti Vanhanen

FranceFrance history

President: Jacques Chirac
Prime minister: Jean-Pierre Raffarin

Georgia

Acting President: Nino Burjanadze
President: Mikheil Saakashvili
State minister; Prime minister: Zurab Zhvania

GermanyGermany history

President: Johannes Rau, then Horst Köhler
Chancellor: Gerhard Schröder

GreeceGreece history

President: Konstantinos Stephanopoulos
Prime minister: Costas Simitis, then Kostas Karamanlis

HungaryHungary history

President: Ferenc Mádl
Prime minister: Péter Medgyessy, then Ferenc Gyurcsány

IcelandIceland history

President: Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson
Prime minister: Davíð Oddsson, then Halldór Ásgrímsson

ItalyItaly history

President: Carlo Azeglio Ciampi
Prime minister: Silvio Berlusconi

LatviaLatvia history

President: Vaira Vīķe-Freiberga
Prime minister: Einars Repše, then Indulis Emsis, then Aigars Kalvītis

Liechtenstein

Prince: Hans-Adam II
Prime minister: Otmar Hasler

LithuaniaLithuania history

President: Rolandas Paksas, then Valdas Adamkus
Acting President: Artūras Paulauskas
Prime minister: Algirdas Brazauskas

LuxembourgLuxembourg history

Grand Duke: Henri
Prime minister: Jean-Claude Juncker

MaltaMalta history

President: Guido de Marco, then Eddie Fenech Adami
Prime minister: Eddie Fenech Adami, then Lawrence Gonzi

MoldovaMoldova history

President: Vladimir Voronin
Prime minister: Vasile Tarlev

Monaco

Prince: Rainier III
Minister of state: Patrick Leclercq

NorwayNorway history

King: Harald V
Prime minister: Kjell Magne Bondevik

PolandPoland history

President: Aleksander Kwaśniewski
Prime minister: Leszek Miller, then Marek Belka

PortugalPortugal history

President: Jorge Sampaio
Prime minister: José Manuel Barroso, then Pedro Santana Lopes

Republic of Ireland

President: Mary McAleese
Taoiseach: Bertie Ahern

Republic of Nagorno-Karabakh

President: Arkadi Ghukasyan
President of the National Assembly: Oleg Yesayan

RomaniaRomania history

President: Ion Iliescu, then Traian Băsescu
Prime minister: Adrian Năstase, then Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu

RussiaRussia history

President: Vladimir Putin
Prime minister: Mikhail Kasyanov, then Mikhail Fradkov
Acting Prime minister: Viktor Khristenko

San Marino

Captains Regent: Giovanni Lonfernini, then Valeria Ciavatta, then Paolo Bollini, then Marino Riccardi, then Giuseppe Arzilli, then Roberto Raschi

SerbiaSerbia history

President: Boris Tadić
Prime minister: Vojislav Koštunica

SlovakiaSlovakia history

President: Rudolf Schuster, then Ivan Gašparovič
Prime minister: Mikuláš Dzurinda

SloveniaSlovenia history

President: Janez Drnovšek
Prime minister: Anton Rop, then Janez Janša

South Ossetia

President: Eduard Kokoity
Prime minister: Igor Sanakoyev

SpainSpain history

King: Juan Carlos I
Prime minister: José María Aznar, then José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero

SwedenSweden history

King: Carl XVI Gustaf
Prime minister: Göran Persson

SwitzerlandSwitzerland history

President of the Confederation: Joseph Deiss

The Netherlands

Queen: Beatrix
Prime minister: Jan Peter Balkenende

UkraineUkraine history

President: Leonid Kuchma
Prime minister: Viktor Yanukovych
Acting Prime minister: Mykola Azarov

UN-administered Kosovo

President: Ibrahim Rugova
Prime minister: Bajram Rexhepi, then Ramush Haradinaj

United KingdomUnited Kingdom history

Queen: Elizabeth II
Prime Minister: Tony Blair

Vatican City

Sovereign: John Paul II

Yugoslavia/Serbia and Montenegro

President: Svetozar Marović

Oceania

AustraliaAustralia history

Queen: Elizabeth II
Prime minister: John Howard

Cook Islands, state in free association

Queen: Elizabeth II

Federated States of Micronesia

President: Joseph J. Urusemal

FijiFiji history

President: Josefa Iloilo
Prime minister: Laisenia Qarase

Kiribati

President: Anote Tong

Marshall Islands

President: Kessai Note

Nauru

President: René Harris, then Ludwig Scotty

New ZealandNew Zealand history

Queen: Elizabeth II
Prime minister: Helen Clark

Palau

Jr., President: Tommy Remengesau

Papua New GuineaPapua New Guinea history

Queen: Elizabeth II
Prime minister: Michael Somare

SamoaSamoa history

O le Ao o le Malo: Malietoa Tanumafili II
Prime minister: Tuila'epa Sa'ilele Malielegaoi

Solomon IslandsSolomon Islands history

Queen: Elizabeth II
Prime minister: Allan Kemakeza

TongaTonga history

King: Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV
Prime minister: Tupou VI, then known as ʻAhoʻeitu ʻUnuakiʻotonga Tukuʻaho

Tuvalu

Queen: Elizabeth II
Prime minister: Saufatu Sopoanga, then Maatia Toafa

VanuatuVanuatu history

President: John Bani, then Alfred Maseng, then Kalkot Mataskelekele
Acting President: Roger Abiut, then Josias Moli
Prime minister: Serge Vohor, then Ham Lini