World leaders in 2021
Everyone who held a state’s top posts at some point in 2021, in the order they held them. Names are from Wikipedia’s list of state leaders and appear only where the person’s Wikidata record agrees on the post and the years. What happened in 2021 →
Major powers in 2021
United StatesUnited States history
- president
- Donald Trump, then Joe Biden
United KingdomUnited Kingdom history
- queen
- Elizabeth II
- prime minister
- Boris Johnson
RussiaRussia history
- president
- Vladimir Putin
- prime minister
- Mikhail Mishustin
ChinaChina history
- general secretary and paramount leader
- Xi Jinping
- president
- Xi Jinping
- premier
- Li Keqiang
FranceFrance history
- president
- Emmanuel Macron
- prime minister
- Jean Castex
GermanyGermany history
- president
- Frank-Walter Steinmeier
- chancellor
- Angela Merkel, then Olaf Scholz
JapanJapan history
- emperor
- Naruhito
- prime minister
- Yoshihide Suga, then Fumio Kishida
IndiaIndia history
- president
- Ram Nath Kovind
- prime minister
- Narendra Modi
Africa
AlgeriaAlgeria history
- president
- Abdelmadjid Tebboune
- prime minister
- Abdelaziz Djerad, then Aymen Benabderrahmane
AngolaAngola history
- president
- João Lourenço
BeninBenin history
- president
- Patrice Talon
Burkina FasoBurkina Faso history
- president
- Roch Marc Christian Kaboré
- prime minister
- Christophe Joseph Marie Dabiré, then Lassina Zerbo
BurundiBurundi history
- president
- Évariste Ndayishimiye
- prime minister
- Alain-Guillaume Bunyoni
CameroonCameroon history
- president
- Paul Biya
- prime minister
- Joseph Ngute
Cape VerdeCape Verde history
- president
- Jorge Carlos Fonseca, then José Maria Neves
- prime minister
- Ulisses Correia e Silva
Central African Republic
- president
- Faustin-Archange Touadéra
- prime minister
- Firmin Ngrébada, then Henri-Marie Dondra
ChadChad history
- president
- Idriss Déby
- prime minister
- Albert Pahimi Padacké
Comoros
- president
- Azali Assoumani
Democratic Republic of the CongoDemocratic Republic of the Congo history
- president
- Félix Tshisekedi
- prime minister
- Sylvestre Ilunga, then Sama Lukonde
DjiboutiDjibouti history
- president
- Ismaïl Omar Guelleh
- prime minister
- Abdoulkader Kamil Mohamed
EgyptEgypt history
- president
- Abdel Fattah el-Sisi
- prime minister
- Mostafa Madbouly
Equatorial Guinea
- president
- Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo
- prime minister
- Francisco Pascual Obama Asue
EritreaEritrea history
- president
- Isaias Afwerki
EswatiniEswatini history
- acting prime minister
- Themba Masuku
- prime minister
- Cleopas Dlamini
EthiopiaEthiopia history
- president
- Sahle-Work Zewde
- prime minister
- Abiy Ahmed
GabonGabon history
- president
- Ali Bongo
- prime minister
- Rose Christiane Raponda
GambiaGambia history
- president
- Adama Barrow
GhanaGhana history
- president
- Nana Akufo-Addo
GuineaGuinea history
- president
- Alpha Condé
- chairman of the National Committee of Reconciliation and Development; interim president
- Mamady Doumbouya
- prime minister
- Ibrahima Kassory Fofana
- interim prime minister
- Mohamed Béavogui
Guinea-Bissau
- president
- Umaro Sissoco Embaló
- prime minister
- Nuno Gomes Nabiam
Ivory CoastIvory Coast history
- president
- Alassane Ouattara
- prime minister
- Hamed Bakayoko, then Patrick Achi
KenyaKenya history
- president
- Uhuru Kenyatta
LesothoLesotho history
- king
- Letsie III
- prime minister
- Moeketsi Majoro
LiberiaLiberia history
- president
- George Weah
LibyaLibya history
- contesting chairman of the Presidential Council
- Fayez al-Sarraj
- chairman of the Presidential Council
- Mohamed al-Menfi
- prime minister
- Fayez al-Sarraj, then Abdul Hamid Dbeibeh
MadagascarMadagascar history
- president
- Andry Rajoelina
- prime minister
- Christian Ntsay
MalawiMalawi history
- president
- Lazarus Chakwera
MaliMali history
- interim president
- Bah Ndaw, then Assimi Goïta
- acting prime minister
- Moctar Ouane
- prime minister
- Choguel Kokalla Maïga
MauritaniaMauritania history
- president
- Mohamed Ould Ghazouani
- prime minister
- Mohamed Ould Bilal
MauritiusMauritius history
- president
- Prithvirajsing Roopun
- prime minister
- Pravind Jugnauth
MoroccoMorocco history
- king
- Mohammed VI
- prime minister
- Saadeddine Othmani, then Aziz Akhannouch
MozambiqueMozambique history
- president
- Filipe Nyusi
- prime minister
- Carlos Agostinho do Rosário
NamibiaNamibia history
- president
- Hage Geingob
- prime minister
- Saara Kuugongelwa
NigerNiger history
- president
- Mahamadou Issoufou, then Mohamed Bazoum
- prime minister
- Brigi Rafini, then Ouhoumoudou Mahamadou
NigeriaNigeria history
- president
- Muhammadu Buhari
Republic of the CongoRepublic of the Congo history
- president
- Denis Sassou Nguesso
- prime minister
- Clément Mouamba, then Anatole Collinet Makosso
RwandaRwanda history
- president
- Paul Kagame
- prime minister
- Édouard Ngirente
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
- general secretary
- Brahim Ghali
- president
- Brahim Ghali
- prime minister
- Bouchraya Hammoudi Bayoun
São Tomé and Príncipe
- president
- Evaristo Carvalho, then Carlos Vila Nova
- prime minister
- Jorge Bom Jesus
SenegalSenegal history
- president
- Macky Sall
Sierra LeoneSierra Leone history
- president
- Julius Maada Bio
- chief minister
- David J. Francis, then Jacob Jusu Saffa
SomaliaSomalia history
- president
- Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed
- prime minister
- Mohamed Hussein Roble
Somaliland
- president
- Muse Bihi Abdi
South AfricaSouth Africa history
- president
- Cyril Ramaphosa
South SudanSouth Sudan history
- president
- Salva Kiir Mayardit
SudanSudan history
- chairman of the Transitional Sovereignty Council
- Abdel Fattah al-Burhan
- prime minister
- Abdalla Hamdok
TanzaniaTanzania history
- president
- John Magufuli, then Samia Suluhu Hassan
- prime minister
- Kassim Majaliwa
TogoTogo history
- president
- Faure Gnassingbé
- prime minister
- Victoire Tomegah Dogbé
TunisiaTunisia history
- president
- Kais Saied
- prime minister
- Hichem Mechichi, then Najla Bouden
Uganda
- president
- Yoweri Museveni
- Prime minister
- Ruhakana Rugunda, then Robinah Nabbanja
ZambiaZambia history
- president
- Edgar Lungu, then Hakainde Hichilema
Zimbabwe
- president
- Emmerson Mnangagwa
Americas
Antigua and Barbuda
- queen
- Elizabeth II
- governor-general
- Rodney Williams
- prime minister
- Gaston Browne
ArgentinaArgentina history
- president
- Alberto Fernández
BarbadosBarbados history
- queen
- Elizabeth II
- governor-general
- Sandra Mason
- president
- Sandra Mason
- prime minister
- Mia Mottley
BelizeBelize history
- queen
- Elizabeth II
- governor-general
- Colville Young, then Froyla Tzalam
- acting governor-general
- Stuart Leslie
- prime minister
- Johnny Briceño
BoliviaBolivia history
- president
- Luis Arce
BrazilBrazil history
- president
- Jair Bolsonaro
CanadaCanada history
- queen
- Elizabeth II
- governor general
- Julie Payette, then Mary Simon
- prime minister
- Justin Trudeau
ChileChile history
- president
- Sebastián Piñera
ColombiaColombia history
- president
- Iván Duque
Costa RicaCosta Rica history
- president
- Carlos Alvarado Quesada
CubaCuba history
- first secretary
- Raúl Castro, then Miguel Díaz-Canel
- president
- Miguel Díaz-Canel
- prime minister
- Manuel Marrero Cruz
Dominica
- president
- Charles Savarin
- prime minister
- Roosevelt Skerrit
Dominican RepublicDominican Republic history
- president
- Luis Abinader
EcuadorEcuador history
- president
- Lenín Moreno, then Guillermo Lasso
El SalvadorEl Salvador history
- president
- Nayib Bukele
Grenada
- queen
- Elizabeth II
- governor-general
- Cécile La Grenade
- prime minister
- Keith Mitchell
GuatemalaGuatemala history
- president
- Alejandro Giammattei
GuyanaGuyana history
- president
- Irfaan Ali
- prime minister
- Mark Phillips
HaitiHaiti history
- president
- Jovenel Moïse
- prime minister
- Joseph Jouthe
- acting prime minister
- Claude Joseph, then Ariel Henry
HondurasHonduras history
- president
- Juan Orlando Hernández
JamaicaJamaica history
- queen
- Elizabeth II
- governor-general
- Patrick Allen
- prime minister
- Andrew Holness
MexicoMexico history
- president
- Andrés Manuel López Obrador
NicaraguaNicaragua history
- president
- Daniel Ortega
PanamaPanama history
- president
- Laurentino Cortizo
ParaguayParaguay history
- president
- Mario Abdo Benítez
PeruPeru history
- president
- Francisco Sagasti, then Pedro Castillo
- prime minister
- Violeta Bermúdez, then Guido Bellido, then Mirtha Vásquez
Saint Kitts and Nevis
- queen
- Elizabeth II
- governor-general
- Tapley Seaton
- prime minister
- Timothy Harris
Saint Lucia
- queen
- Elizabeth II
- governor-general
- Neville Cenac
- acting governor-general
- Errol Charles
- prime minister
- Allen Chastanet, then Philip J. Pierre
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
- queen
- Elizabeth II
- governor-general
- Susan Dougan
SurinameSuriname history
- president
- Chan Santokhi
The Bahamas
- queen
- Elizabeth II
- governor-general
- Cornelius A. Smith
- prime minister
- Hubert Minnis, then Philip Davis
Trinidad and TobagoTrinidad and Tobago history
- president
- Paula-Mae Weekes
- prime minister
- Keith Rowley
United StatesUnited States history
- president
- Donald Trump, then Joe Biden
UruguayUruguay history
- president
- Luis Lacalle Pou
Asia
Abkhazia
- president
- Aslan Bzhania
- prime minister
- Alexander Ankvab
AfghanistanAfghanistan history
- president
- Ashraf Ghani
- supreme leader
- Hibatullah Akhundzada
- acting prime minister
- Hasan Akhund
ArmeniaArmenia history
- president
- Armen Sarkissian
- prime minister
- Nikol Pashinyan
Artsakh
- president
- Arayik Harutyunyan
AzerbaijanAzerbaijan history
- president
- Ilham Aliyev
- prime minister
- Ali Asadov
BahrainBahrain history
- prime minister
- Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa
BangladeshBangladesh history
- president
- Mohammad Abdul Hamid
- prime minister
- Sheikh Hasina
BhutanBhutan history
- prime minister
- Lotay Tshering
BruneiBrunei history
- sultan
- Hassanal Bolkiah
- prime minister
- Hassanal Bolkiah
CambodiaCambodia history
- king
- Norodom Sihamoni
- prime minister
- Hun Sen
ChinaChina history
- general secretary and paramount leader
- Xi Jinping
- president
- Xi Jinping
- premier
- Li Keqiang
CyprusCyprus history
- president
- Nicos Anastasiades
Georgia
- prime minister
- Giorgi Gakharia, then Irakli Garibashvili
- acting prime minister
- Maya Tskitishvili
IndiaIndia history
- president
- Ram Nath Kovind
- prime minister
- Narendra Modi
IndonesiaIndonesia history
- president
- Joko Widodo
IranIran history
- supreme leader
- Ali Khamenei
- president
- Hassan Rouhani, then Ebrahim Raisi
IraqIraq history
- president
- Barham Salih
- prime minister
- Mustafa Al-Kadhimi
IsraelIsrael history
- president
- Reuven Rivlin, then Isaac Herzog
- prime minister
- Benjamin Netanyahu, then Naftali Bennett
JapanJapan history
- emperor
- Naruhito
- prime minister
- Yoshihide Suga, then Fumio Kishida
JordanJordan history
- king
- Abdullah II
- prime minister
- Bisher Khasawneh
KazakhstanKazakhstan history
- president
- Kassym-Jomart Tokayev
- prime minister
- Asqar Mamin
KuwaitKuwait history
- prime minister
- Sabah Al-Khalid Al-Sabah
Kyrgyzstan
- president
- Sadyr Japarov
- acting president
- Talant Mamytov
- acting prime minister
- Artem Novikov
- prime minister; chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers
- Ulukbek Maripov
LaosLaos history
- general secretary
- Bounnhang Vorachit, then Thongloun Sisoulith
- president
- Bounnhang Vorachit, then Thongloun Sisoulith
- prime minister
- Thongloun Sisoulith, then Phankham Viphavanh
LebanonLebanon history
- president
- Michel Aoun
- caretaker prime minister
- Hassan Diab
- prime minister
- Najib Mikati
MalaysiaMalaysia history
- prime minister; caretaker prime minister
- Muhyiddin Yassin
- prime minister
- Ismail Sabri Yaakob
Maldives
- president
- Ibrahim Mohamed Solih
MongoliaMongolia history
- president
- Khaltmaagiin Battulga, then Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh
- prime minister
- Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh, then Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene
MyanmarMyanmar history
- president
- Win Myint
- acting president
- Myint Swe
- state counsellor
- Aung San Suu Kyi
NepalNepal history
- president
- Bidya Devi Bhandari
- prime minister
- K. P. Sharma Oli, then Sher Bahadur Deuba
North KoreaNorth Korea history
- general secretary
- Kim Jong Un
- president of the State Affairs Commission
- Kim Jong Un
Northern Cyprus
- president
- Ersin Tatar
- prime minister
- Ersan Saner, then Faiz Sucuoğlu
OmanOman history
- sultan
- Haitham bin Tariq
- prime minister
- Haitham bin Tariq
PakistanPakistan history
- president
- Arif Alvi
- prime minister
- Imran Khan
PalestinePalestine history
- president
- Mahmoud Abbas
- prime minister
- Mohammad Shtayyeh
PhilippinesPhilippines history
- president
- Rodrigo Duterte
QatarQatar history
- prime minister
- Khalid bin Khalifa bin Abdul Aziz Al Thani
Saudi ArabiaSaudi Arabia history
SingaporeSingapore history
- president
- Halimah Yacob
- prime minister
- Lee Hsien Loong
South KoreaSouth Korea history
- president
- Moon Jae-in
- prime minister
- Chung Sye-kyun, then Kim Boo-kyum
- acting prime minister
- Hong Nam-ki
South Ossetia
- president
- Anatoly Bibilov
- acting prime minister
- Gennady Bekoyev
Sri LankaSri Lanka history
- president
- Gotabaya Rajapaksa
- prime minister
- Mahinda Rajapaksa
SyriaSyria history
- president
- Bashar al-Assad
- prime minister
- Hussein Arnous
TaiwanTaiwan history
- president
- Tsai Ing-wen
- premier
- Su Tseng-chang
TajikistanTajikistan history
- president
- Emomali Rahmon
- prime minister
- Kokhir Rasulzoda
ThailandThailand history
- King
- Vajiralongkorn
- prime minister
- Prayut Chan-o-cha
Timor-Leste
- president
- Francisco Guterres
- prime minister
- Taur Matan Ruak
TurkeyTurkey history
- president
- Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
Turkmenistan
- president
- Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow
United Arab EmiratesUnited Arab Emirates history
- president
- Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan
- prime minister
- Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum
UzbekistanUzbekistan history
- president
- Shavkat Mirziyoyev
- prime minister
- Abdulla Aripov
VietnamVietnam history
- general secretary
- Nguyễn Phú Trọng
- president
- Nguyễn Phú Trọng, then Nguyễn Xuân Phúc
- prime minister
- Nguyễn Xuân Phúc
YemenYemen history
- prime minister
- Maeen Abdulmalik Saeed
Europe
AlbaniaAlbania history
Andorra
- episcopal co-prince
- Joan Enric Vives i Sicília
- French co-prince
- Emmanuel Macron
- representative of the French co-prince
- Patrick Strzoda
- prime minister
- Xavier Espot Zamora
AustriaAustria history
- president
- Alexander Van der Bellen
- chancellor
- Sebastian Kurz, then Alexander Schallenberg, then Karl Nehammer
BelarusBelarus history
- president
- Alexander Lukashenko
- prime minister
- Roman Golovchenko
BelgiumBelgium history
- king
- Philippe
- prime minister
- Alexander De Croo
Bosnia and HerzegovinaBosnia and Herzegovina history
- high representative
- Valentin Inzko
- chairman
- Zoran Tegeltija, then Milorad Dodik, then Željko Komšić
- member
- Šefik Džaferović, then Željko Komšić, then Milorad Dodik
BulgariaBulgaria history
- president
- Rumen Radev
- prime minister
- Boyko Borisov, then Stefan Yanev, then Kiril Petkov
CroatiaCroatia history
- president
- Zoran Milanović
- prime minister
- Andrej Plenković
Czech RepublicCzech Republic history
- president
- Miloš Zeman
- prime minister
- Andrej Babiš, then Petr Fiala
DenmarkDenmark history
- queen
- Margrethe II
- prime minister
- Mette Frederiksen
Donetsk People's Republic
- prime minister
- Alexander Ananchenko
EstoniaEstonia history
- president
- Kersti Kaljulaid, then Alar Karis
- prime minister
- Jüri Ratas, then Kaja Kallas
FinlandFinland history
- president
- Sauli Niinistö
- prime minister
- Sanna Marin
FranceFrance history
- president
- Emmanuel Macron
- prime minister
- Jean Castex
GermanyGermany history
- president
- Frank-Walter Steinmeier
- chancellor
- Angela Merkel, then Olaf Scholz
GreeceGreece history
- president
- Katerina Sakellaropoulou
- prime minister
- Kyriakos Mitsotakis
HungaryHungary history
- president
- János Áder
- prime minister
- Viktor Orbán
IcelandIceland history
- president
- Guðni Th. Jóhannesson
- prime minister
- Katrín Jakobsdóttir
Ireland
- president
- Michael D. Higgins
- Taoiseach
- Micheál Martin
ItalyItaly history
- president
- Sergio Mattarella
- prime minister
- Giuseppe Conte, then Mario Draghi
KosovoKosovo history
- acting president
- Vjosa Osmani, then Glauk Konjufca
- prime minister
- Avdullah Hoti
LatviaLatvia history
- president
- Egils Levits
- prime minister
- Krišjānis Kariņš
Liechtenstein
- prince
- Hans-Adam II
- regent
- Alois
- prime minister
- Adrian Hasler, then Daniel Risch
LithuaniaLithuania history
- president
- Gitanas Nausėda
- prime minister
- Ingrida Šimonytė
LuxembourgLuxembourg history
- grand duke
- Henri
- prime minister
- Xavier Bettel
MaltaMalta history
- president
- George Vella
- prime minister
- Robert Abela
MoldovaMoldova history
- president
- Maia Sandu
- acting prime minister
- Aureliu Ciocoi
- prime minister
- Natalia Gavrilița
Monaco
- prince
- Albert II
- minister of state
- Pierre Dartout
MontenegroMontenegro history
- president
- Milo Đukanović
- prime minister
- Zdravko Krivokapić
North MacedoniaNorth Macedonia history
- president
- Stevo Pendarovski
- prime minister
- Zoran Zaev
NorwayNorway history
- king
- Harald V
- prime minister
- Erna Solberg, then Jonas Gahr Støre
PolandPoland history
- president
- Andrzej Duda
- Prime minister
- Mateusz Morawiecki
PortugalPortugal history
- president
- Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa
- prime minister
- António Costa
RomaniaRomania history
- president
- Klaus Iohannis
- prime minister
- Florin Cîțu, then Nicolae Ciucă
RussiaRussia history
- president
- Vladimir Putin
- prime minister
- Mikhail Mishustin
San Marino
- Captains Regent
- Alessandro Cardelli, then Mirko Dolcini, then Gian Carlo Venturini, then Marco Nicolini, then Francesco Mussoni, then Giacomo Simoncini
- secretary
- Luca Beccari
SerbiaSerbia history
- president
- Aleksandar Vučić
- prime minister
- Ana Brnabić
SlovakiaSlovakia history
- president
- Zuzana Čaputová
- prime minister
- Igor Matovič, then Eduard Heger
SloveniaSlovenia history
- president
- Borut Pahor
- prime minister
- Janez Janša
SpainSpain history
- king
- Felipe VI
SwedenSweden history
- king
- Carl XVI Gustaf
- prime minister
- Stefan Löfven, then Magdalena Andersson
SwitzerlandSwitzerland history
- president
- Guy Parmelin
The Netherlands
- king
- Willem-Alexander
- prime minister
- Mark Rutte
Transnistria
- president
- Vadim Krasnoselsky
- prime minister
- Aleksandr Martynov
UkraineUkraine history
- president
- Volodymyr Zelenskyy
- prime minister
- Denys Shmyhal
United KingdomUnited Kingdom history
- queen
- Elizabeth II
- prime minister
- Boris Johnson
Vatican City
- pope
- Francis
- president
- Giuseppe Bertello, then Fernando Vérgez Alzaga
Oceania
AustraliaAustralia history
- queen
- Elizabeth II
- governor-general
- David Hurley
- prime minister
- Scott Morrison
Cook Islands
- queen
- Elizabeth II
- prime minister
- Mark Brown
Federated States of Micronesia
- president
- David Panuelo
FijiFiji history
- president
- Jioji Konrote, then Wiliame Katonivere
- prime minister
- Frank Bainimarama
Kiribati
- president
- Taneti Maamau
Marshall Islands
- president
- David Kabua
Nauru
- president
- Lionel Aingimea
New ZealandNew Zealand history
- queen
- Elizabeth II
- governor-general
- Patsy Reddy, then Cindy Kiro
- prime minister
- Jacinda Ardern
Niue
- queen
- Elizabeth II
Palau
- president
- Thomas Remengesau Jr., then Surangel Whipps Jr.
Papua New GuineaPapua New Guinea history
- queen
- Elizabeth II
- governor-general
- Bob Dadae
- prime minister
- James Marape
SamoaSamoa history
- O le Ao o le Malo
- Tuimalealiʻifano Vaʻaletoʻa Sualauvi II
Solomon IslandsSolomon Islands history
- queen
- Elizabeth II
- governor-general
- David Vunagi
- Prime minister
- Manasseh Sogavare
TongaTonga history
- king
- Tupou VI
- prime minister
- Pōhiva Tuʻiʻonetoa, then Siaosi Sovaleni
Tuvalu
- queen
- Elizabeth II
- acting governor-general
- Teniku Talesi, then Samuelu Teo
VanuatuVanuatu history
- president
- Tallis Obed Moses
- prime minister
- Bob Loughman