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Shia Islam

second-most populous Islamic denomination

42 dated entries naming Shia Islam, drawn from 41 separate years between 600 CE and 2020 CE. Nothing here is written by us: each line is the sentence a Wikipedia year article used, and the link beside it opens the exact revision.

Also written as Shi'a, Shi'a Islam, Shi'i, Shi'ism, Shi'ite, Shi'ites, Shia, Shia Muslim in the source articles; Wikipedia redirects those to the same subject, so their entries are on this page.

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6th century

  • 600Ali ibn Abi Talib, Muslim caliph and Shī‘ah imām (approximate date)source

7th century

  • 601September 13 – Ali, central figure in Shia Islam (died 661)source
  • 632March 18 (approximate) – Muhammad makes his final sermon to the Muslims. It is believed by Shia to be the appointment of Ali ibn Abi Talib as his successor. The Imamah (Shia doctrine) of Ali Ibn Abi Talib, for the religious, spiritual and political leadership of the Ummah, begins.source
  • 700Ja'far al-Sadiq, Shī‘ah Imām and scholar (or 702)source

8th century

  • 702Ja'far al-Sadiq, sixth Shī‘ah Imām and Muslim scholar (died 765)source
  • 719Isma'il ibn Jafar, Shī‘ah Imām and scholar (or 722)source
  • 722Isma'il ibn Ja'far, Shī‘ah Imām and scholar (or 719)source
  • 767Muhammad ibn Idris al-Shafi`i, Muslim imam (died 820)source
  • 775Isma'il ibn Jafar, Shī‘ah Imām (approximate date)source

9th century

  • 820Muhammad ibn Idris al-Shafi‘i, Muslim imam (born 767)source
  • 874Muhammad al-Mahdi, the child of the eleventh Shi'i Twelver Imam Hasan al-Askari, begins his Imamate. His first period of occultation, known as the Minor Occultation, also begins (ends 941 CE).source
  • 900Spring – Forces under the Transoxianian emir Isma'il ibn Ahmad are victorious at Balkh (Northern Afghanistan) over Amr ibn al-Layth; the latter is captured and sent to Caliph Al-Mu'tadid in Baghdad. The Samanid Dynasty rules over Khorasan, as well as Transoxiana. A few months later, the Samanids conquer the Zaydid emirate of Tabaristan. This victory marks the beginning of the dispersion of the local Shi'ites by the new Sunni power.source

10th century

  • 901Abu 'Abdullah al-Shi'i leads the rebellion of the Kutama Berbers (a movement of the Shiʿite Fatimids), against the Aghlabid emirate in Ifriqiya (modern Tunisia).source
  • 909March 18 – The Fatimid Dynasty founded by Shiite Muslims in Ifriqiya (modern Tunisia) gains suzerainty over the Aghlabid Dynasty in North Africa. Emir Ziyadat Allah III escapes to the Near East, unable to secure any help from the Abbasid Caliphate to regain his emirate.source
  • 911A rebellion of the Kutama Berbers against the Fatimid Caliphate occurs. The Kutama tribesmen were previously the main supporters of the Shia regime.source
  • 911February 28 – Abu Abdallah al-Shi'i, Muslim Shia missionarysource
  • 939Ali ibn Babawayh Qummi, Twelver Shi'a scholarsource
  • 948Al-Shaykh Al-Mufid, Twelver Shia theologian (approximate date)source
  • 965Sharif al-Murtaza, Buyid Shia scholar (died 1044)source
  • 970Al-Sharif al-Radi, Persian Shi'ite scholar and poet (died 1015)source
  • 991Ibn Babawayh, Persian Shi'ite scholarsource
  • 995Shaykh Tusi, Persian Shia scholar (died 1067)source
  • 996October 14 – Caliph Al-Aziz Billah dies at Bilbeis in Egypt after a 21-year reign in which he has expanded his Shiite caliphate at the expense of the Byzantines, using Turkish mercenaries (Mamelukes). He is succeeded by his 11-year-old son Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah as ruler of the Fatimid Caliphate (until 1021).source

11th century

  • 1015Al-Sharif al-Radi, Persian Shi'ite scholar (born 970)source
  • 1017The Sunnis of Kairouan (modern Tunisia) revolt against the Shi'ite Zirid dynasty. The city is quickly retaken and sacked.source
  • 1022Al-Shaykh Al-Mufid, Twelver Shia theologiansource
  • 1041The Zirid dynasty rejects Shi'ite obedience and Fatimid domination, and recognizes the Abbasids as their overlords.source
  • 1044Sharif al-Murtaza, Buyid Shia scholar (born 965)source
  • 1067December 2 – Shaykh Tusi, Persian Shia scholar (born 995)source
  • 1073Shaykh Tabarsi, Persian Shia scholar (died 1153)source

12th century

  • 1138June 6 – Al-Rashid Billah (deposed caliph of Baghdad), having fled to Isfahan, is killed there by a team of four Nizari Ismailis (Assassins). This is celebrated in Alamut for a week by Shias.source

14th century

  • 1311December 26 – Al-Mahdi Muhammad bin al-Mutahhar, the Shi'ite Muslim Imam of the Zaidiyyah state in Yemen, leads Zaidi troops to victory in a battle in the Sheref district against the Sunni Muslim Rasulid sultanate that dominates most of Yemen. A 10-year ceasefire agreement is brokered between Zaidiyyah and the Rasulid Sultan al-Mu'ayyad Da'udsultan.source
  • 1391November 2 – Al-Nasir Muhammad Salah al-Din, Imam of the Zaydi sect of Shia Islam in Yemen, dies at San'a from injuries sustained from being thrown off of his mule. Nasir's death is not announced for two months while his son Al-Mansur Ali bin Salah ad-Din becomes the new Imam but three other claimants attempt to claim the office as well.source

16th century

  • 1501December 22 – (1 Jumada al-Thani 907 AH) Ismail I is enthroned as the first Shah of Iran, choosing Tabriz as his capital, founding the Safavid dynasty in northern Iran. He declares Shi'ism the official and compulsory religion, under penalty of death.source

19th century

  • 1850The first portion of the Oudh Bequest is transferred from Oudh State in the British Raj to the Shia Islam holy cities of Najaf and Karbala, in Persia.source

20th century

  • 1957July 11 – His Highness Prince Karim Aga Khan IV becomes the 49th Imam of the Shia Ismaili Muslims at age 20. His grandfather Sir Sultan Mohammed Shah Aga Khan III appoints Prince Karim in his will.source
  • 1988April 5 – Kuwait Airways Flight 422 is hijacked while en route from Bangkok, Thailand, to Kuwait. The hijackers demand the release of 17 Shiite Muslim prisoners held by Kuwait. Kuwait refuses to release the prisoners, leading to a 16-day siege across 3 continents. Two passengers are killed before the siege ends.source
  • 199029 August – Shahab ud-Din Mar'ashi Najafi, Iraqi Shia cleric. (b.1897)source

21st century

  • 2004March 2 – A series of bombings occur in Karbala, Iraq, killing over 140 Shia Muslims commemorating the Day of Ashura.source
  • 2006February 22 – 2006 al-Askari mosque bombing: Explosions occur at the al-Askari Shrine in Samarra, Iraq. The attack on the shrine, one of the holiest sites in Shia Islam, causes the escalation of sectarian violence in Iraq into a full-scale war (the Iraqi Civil War of 2006–2008).source
  • 2014June 5 – A Sunni militant group now calling itself the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (also known as ISIS, ISIL or Daesh) begins an offensive through northern Iraq, aiming to capture the Iraqi capital city of Baghdad and overthrow the Shiite government led by Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki.source
  • 2020May 12 – Gunmen storm a maternity hospital and kill 24 people, including two newborn babies, in Dashte Barchi, a majority-Shia neighborhood of Kabul, Afghanistan. In a separate incident in Kuz Kunar, 32 people are killed at a funeral by a suicide bomber.source

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