Climate & Environment in the 11th century

21 sourced entries, 1005 CE to 1099 CE, oldest first. Also see Climate & Environment across every century or everything else in the 11th century.

• 1005Summer – Danish Viking raiders under Sweyn Forkbeard continue to ravage the cities (mostly poorly defended) in southern England. A famine strikes Sweyn's army, which has to live off the land.source
• 1006A major eruption of the Mount Merapi volcano on Java causes devastation throughout the centre of the island (which it covers with volcanic ash) and to the Javanese Hindu Mataram kingdom.source
• 1024August 29 (19 Jumada II 415) – In the wake of a famine striking Egypt, Yaqub ibn al-Dawwas issues an edict on the first day of the Coptic Christian new year, prohibiting the slaughter of cattle and announces that violators will forfeit their life and their property.source
• 1024September 11 (4 Rajab 415) – Ibn Dawwas is fired from his job of administering food relief in Egypt, and replaced by Baqiyy, described as "a black slave who also managed the two shurtas" (food supplies) of Fustat and Cairo; Baqiyy is fired only two days later as the food crisis worsens, and Ibn Dawwas is rehired.source
• 1025February 25 – (23 Dhu l-Hijja 415 AH) In the Fatimid Caliphate, Badr al-Dawla Nafidh leads a group of Egyptian soldiers and white slave soldiers from Cairo to end a black slave rebellion in the famine-stricken Egyptian capital, Fustat.source
• 1026April – Conrad II punishes the citizens of Pavia with starvation, with the help of Milanese troops, for burning down the Royal Palace. He appoints Aribert as his viceroy ("imperial vicar") in Italy and charges him to ensure that the order is complied with.source
• 1026June 16 – The Manju tsunami with waves of at modern-day Masuda, Shimane: more than 1,000 people are killed and 3,000 homes destroyed.source
• 1031France suffers from a famine (until 1033).source
• 1033December 5 – A major earthquake in the Jordan Valley devastates multiple cities across the Palestine region, killing many people and triggering a tsunami.source
• 1033Panic spreads throughout Europe that the end of the universe may be near, on the 1,000th anniversary of the crucifixion of Christ, due to some unusually harsh spring weather. The Book of Revelation (Chapter 20) predicts the end of the earth after a 1,000 year period after the second return of Jesus Christ.source
• 1038January 9 – An earthquake in Dingxiang, China kills an estimated 32,300.source
• 1048Catastrophic Yellow River flood in Northern Song China; the river changes its course until 1194.source
• 1064Sunset Crater Volcano (modern-day Arizona) first erupts (approximate date)source
• 1066Hedeby (located on the Jutland Peninsula) is sacked and burned by the West Slavs, after which it is slowly abandoned.source
• 1068March 18 – An earthquake affects the Near East, with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). The shock has a magnitude greater than 7, and leaves about 20,000 people dead.source
• 1070Harrying of the North: William the Conqueror quells rebellions in the north of his Kingdom of England following the invasion by Sweyn II. Widespread famine follows the devastation wrought.source
• 1076November 1 – A frost begins that lasts until April 1077.source
• 1088April 16 – The 6.5 Tmogvi earthquake affects the southern provinces of Georgia, which causes the destruction of the castle of Tmogvi and many deaths.source
• 1089August 11 – A powerful earthquake is recorded in England.source
• 1091October 17 – London tornado: A T8 tornado (roughly equal to an F4 on the Fujita scale) occurs in London. The wooden London Bridge is demolished and the church of St. Mary-le-Bow is badly damaged.source
• 1099November 11 – Great floods around the North Sea and English Channel.source