Climate & Environment in the 14th century

31 sourced entries, 1303 CE to 1384 CE, oldest first. Also see Climate & Environment across every century or everything else in the 14th century.

• 1303January 17 – A major earthquake strikes Byzantium and Constantinople (now Istanbul in Turkey). Byzantine Emperor Michael IX Palaiologos spreads the word that the former Patriarch of the Eastern Church, Athanasius I had given him a warning about the imminent wrath of God against the city.source
• 1303August 8 – 1303 Crete earthquake: An earthquake destroys the Lighthouse of Alexandria in Egypt, one of the Seven wonders of the World.source
• 1303September 25 – 1303 Hongdong earthquake: An earthquake destroys the cities of Taiyuan and Pingyang, some 200,000 people are killed.source
• 1314Approximate date – Volcanic eruption of Mount Tarawera in New Zealand; there are few settlers here at this time.source
• 1317February 16 – (10th day of 1st month of 6 Shōwa) An earthquake of estimated 7.0 magnitude strikes Kyoto. On February 22, an aftershock of 6.0 magnitude follows the first quake.source
• 1330December 6 – The British Isles are hit by a great storm, creating large areas of sand dunes on Anglesey.source
• 1333November 4 – The River Arno floods, causing massive damage in Florence, as recorded by Giovanni Villani.source
• 1333A famine (lasting until 1337) breaks out in China, killing six million.source
• 1333A great famine takes place in Southern Europe. It is known to historians of Catalonia as Lo mal any primer, "the First Bad Year" (equivalent to the Great Famine of 1315–1317 further north), an early notice of the catastrophes of the second half of this century.source
• 1337The famine in China, which had lasted since 1332 and killed 6,000,000, comes to an end.source
• 1341January 1 – An earthquake with a magnitude of 6.0 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe) affects Crimea (disputed event).source
• 1341A great flood in the river Periyar in modern-day southern India leads to the river changing its course, the closing of Muziris, the opening up of Cochin (Kochi) harbour, submersion of some islands, and birth of some new islands.source
• 1342July 22 – St. Mary Magdalene's flood is the worst such event on record for central Europe.source
• 1343November 25 – A tsunami, caused by an earthquake, devastates the Maritime Republic of Amalfi, among other places.source
• 1348January 25 – The 6.9-magnitude 1348 Friuli earthquake centered in Northern Italy is felt across Europe. Contemporary minds link the quake with the Black Death, fueling fears that the Biblical Apocalypse has arrived.source
• 1349January 22 – An earthquake affects L'Aquila in southern Italy with a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (Extreme), causing severe damage, and leaving 2,000 dead.source
• 1349March 27 – An earthquake in England strikes Meaux Abbey.source
• 1349September 9 – 1349 Apennine earthquakes. An earthquake in Rome causes extensive damage, including the collapse of the southern exterior facade of the Colosseum.source
• 1351The Statute of Labourers deals with a labour shortage caused by the Black Death.source
• 1352December 26 – The Earldom of Kent of the 5th creation in England becomes extinct.source
• 1354March 2 – During the night between 1 and 2 March, a strong earthquake destroyed the city of Gallipoli and its city walls, weakening its defenses, along with destroying the neighboring villages and towns in the area.source
• 1354March - Within a month after the devastating earthquake the Ottomans besieged and captured the town of Gallipoli, making it the first Ottoman stronghold in Europe and the staging area for Ottoman expansion across the Balkans.source
• 1356October 18 (St Luke's Day) – The Basel earthquake affects northern Switzerland, with a maximum MSK intensity of IX–X (Destructive–Devastating), leaving around 1,000 dead. It is the most damaging intraplate earthquake known to have occurred in central Europe.source
• 1362January 16 – The "Grote Mandrenke" storm tide strikes the Netherlands, England, Germany and Denmark, destroying the Danish settlement of Rungholt in the Duchy of Schleswig, and the Humber estuary port of Ravenser Odd in England. The East Frisian island of Buise is broken into two by North Sea floods.source
• 1362The Öræfajökull volcano erupts in Iceland, resulting in the destruction of the district of Litlahérað by flood and tephra fall.source
• 1374February 11 – In Germany, the Rhine river rises high enough in the Mosel River Valley during a flood that horses reportedly drown in the streets at Kolnsource
• 1375June 26 – Shortly after an earthquake in Japan, the Southern Court, ruled by Emperor Chōkei, changes the name of the Bunchū era, and the Tenju era begins.source
• 1377November 16 – The village of Westkerke in the Netherlands, on the island of Wolphaartsdijk is entirely washed away by a flood. Three centuries later, the Dutch will reclaim the land from sea by the building of dikes, Wolphaartsdijk will no longer be an island and the area where Westkerke had existed will be resettled. The remains of the lost village will be found in 1975, almost six centuries after its destruction.source
• 1384August 5 – An earthquake strikes the island of Lesbos in Greece, killing numerous people including the Genoan Lord of Lesbos, Francesco I Gattilusio, along with his two eldest sons, Andronico and Domenico. His son Jacopo Gattiliuso survives and rules the island under the name Francesco II.source
• 1384Qara Muhammad succeeds Bairam Khawaja, as ruler of the Kara Koyunlu ("Black Sheep Turkomans"), in modern-day Armenia and northern Iraq.source
• 1384The Nasrid princes of Al-Andalus replace Abu al-Abbas with Abu Faris Musa ibn Faris, as ruler of the Marinid dynasty in modern-day Morocco.source