1337 CE

Edward the Black Prince establishes the Duchy of Cornwall, becoming the first English Duke. Second War of Scottish Independence: English forces relieve Stirling Castle, ending Edward III of England's last campaign in Scotland. Battle of Cadzand: English troops raid the Flemish island of Cadzand.

In the 1330s, the 14th century.

Geopolitics & Diplomacy

  • March 16 – Edward the Black Prince establishes the Duchy of Cornwall, becoming the first English Duke.source
  • Peace established between Richard de Burgh and Brian Ban O BriainIrelandsource
  • "A peace was concluded between William, son of the Earl of Ulster, and Brian Bún (the Fair) O'Brien; and the lands which O'Brien had taken from the son of the Earl were given back to him at their former rent."Irelandsource

Conflict & Security

  • 3 March – Ordinance by King Edward III of England and council in parliament at Westminster that landholders in Ireland should pay subsidy for defence of their marchesIrelandsource
  • May 24 – Philip VI of France confiscates Gascony from English control.source
  • August – Second War of Scottish Independence: English forces relieve Stirling Castle, ending Edward III of England's last campaign in Scotland.source
  • October – Hundred Years' War: Edward III of England formally rejects Philip VI's claim to the French throne, initiating hostilities between France and England.source
  • November – Battle of Cadzand: English troops raid the Flemish island of Cadzand.source
  • The Despotate of Epirus is conquered by the Byzantine Empire.source
  • The Scaligeri Family loses control of Padua; Alberto della Scala, patron of the music of the Trecento, moves to Verona.source
  • Siege of Nicomedia: After its foundation by Osman I in about 1299, the Ottoman Empire expanded across Bithynia in north-west Anatolia by capturing territory from the Byzantine Empire.source
  • Ruaidhri O Ceallaigh of Uí Maine defeats and captures King Toirdhealbhach of ConnachtIrelandsource

Exploration & Expansion

  • c. September – Richard de Mandeville raids Isle of ManIrelandsource

Religion & Belief

  • 28 July – John de Charleton de Powys appointed justiciarIrelandsource
  • 14 October – Justiciar John de Charleton de Powys arrived in IrelandIrelandsource
  • The Sofia Psalter is produced in Bulgaria.source
  • Bisham Priory is founded in England.source
  • Richard FitzRalph arrives at papal court, Avignon (see 1344)Irelandsource
  • Thomas Charlton, Bishop of Hereford appointed Lord Chancellor of IrelandIrelandsource

Science & Discovery

  • Petrarch, "father" of Renaissance humanism, first visits Rome to wander its mysterious ruins, with an eye for aesthetics as well as for history, exciting a renewed interest in Classical civilisation.source

Crime & Justice

  • "Teige and Melaghlin, two sons of Ivor Mac Rannall, were taken prisoners by Cathal Mac Rannall. Cathal was afterwards killed by their kinsmen, who, having collected a considerable force, being joined by William Mac Mahon, and by Conor and Tomaltagh, the two other sons of Ivor Mac Rannall, went to rescue the sons of Ivor. Manus O'Farrell was killed by them on the same day. Teige, the son of Ivor Mac Rannall, was then made chieftain."Irelandsource

Climate & Environment

  • The famine in China, which had lasted since 1332 and killed 6,000,000, comes to an end.source

Culture & Society

  • 24 March – Irishmen enjoying English law granted access to Anglo-Irish religious houses.Irelandsource
  • "A camp was pitched at Athleague by the King of Connaught, to oppose Edmond Burke"Irelandsource
  • "Hugh Reamhar O'Neill made peace with the people of Oriel and Fermanagh."Irelandsource

Births

  • February 25 – Wenceslaus I, Duke of Luxembourg, Czech Duke of Luxembourg (died 1383)source
  • Louis II, Duke of Bourbon (died 1410)source
  • Jean Froissart, historian and courtier from Hainaut (died 1405)source
  • Chŏng Mong-ju, Goryeo diplomat and poet (died 1392)source
  • Robert III of Scotland, second monarch from the House of Stewart to rule Scotland (died 1406)source
  • Bianca of Savoy, lady consort of Milan (died 1387)source

Deaths

  • 6 January – James Butler, 1st Earl of Ormonde.Irelandsource
  • January 8 – Giotto, Italian painter (born 1267)source
  • June 7 – William I, Count of Hainaut (born 1286)source
  • June 15 – Angelo da Clareno, Italian Franciscan and leader of a group of Fraticelli (born 1247)source
  • June 25 – Frederick III of Sicily (born 1272)source
  • June 30 – Eleanor de Clare, politically active English noble (born 1290)source
  • William Frangipani, Latin Archbishop of Patrassource
  • Musa I of Mali, ruler of the Malian Empire (born c.1280)source
  • Prince Narinaga, Japanese Shōgun (born 1326, d. either 1337 or 1344, the sources are contradictory)source
  • Changshi, khan of the Chagatai Khanatesource
  • Lughaidh O'Daly, Bishop of Clonmacnoise, "died after a well-spent life."Irelandsource
  • Tomas mac Cormac O'Donnell, Bishop of Raphoe, "a man eminent for wisdom and piety"Irelandsource
  • "The Master Professor O'Rothlain."Irelandsource