1247 CE

Egyptian forces under Sultan As-Salih Ayyub capture Tiberias and his castle. Mount Tabor and Belvoir Castle are occupied soon afterward. Next, Ayyub moves his army to siege Ascalon – which is defended by a garrison of Knights Hospitaller. They summon the help from Acre and Cyprus. King Béla IV grants territories to the Knights Hospitaller in the Banate of Severin and Hungarian Cumania (according to a document called the Diploma of the Joannites), makes an early mention of Litovoi and other Vlach/Romanian local rulers, in Wallachia and Transylvania. A rebellion arises among the Muslim subjects in the region of Valencia. As a punishment, King James I of Aragon ("the Conqueror"), issues an order of expulsion of the Muslims from his realm, leading numerous people into exile in Andalusia and North Africa.

In the 1240s, the 13th century.

Conflict & Security

June 17 – Egyptian forces under Sultan As-Salih Ayyub capture Tiberias and his castle. Mount Tabor and Belvoir Castle are occupied soon afterward. Next, Ayyub moves his army to siege Ascalon – which is defended by a garrison of Knights Hospitaller. They summon the help from Acre and Cyprus.source
October 15 – Egyptian forces under As-Salih Ayyub capture Ascalon by surprise – while a battering-ram forces a passageway under the walls right into the citadel. Most of the defenders are massacred, and the remainder of the garrison is taken prisoner.source
December 1 – A rebellion arises among the Muslim subjects in the region of Valencia. As a punishment, King James I of Aragon ("the Conqueror"), issues an order of expulsion of the Muslims from his realm, leading numerous people into exile in Andalusia and North Africa.source
Battle of Ballyshannon: Norman forces under Maurice FitzGerald defeat a Gaelic army near Ballyshannon in northern Ireland. After the battle, the entire country of Donegal is devastated and plundered by the Normans.source
War of the Thuringian Succession: The claims on the Ludovingians' inheritance after the death of Henry Raspe, landgrave of Thuringia, leads to a dispute over the succession territories of Thuringia and Hesse, between his niece Sophie of Thuringia and her cousin Henry III ("the Illustrious"), who claim the territories as fiefs of the Electorate of Mainz.source
The Hōjō clan under Hōjō Tokiyori destroys the Miura family; and in doing so, the clan consolidates its authority as regents in Japan.source
Summer – Siege of Seville: Castilian forces under King Ferdinand III ("the Saint") begin to besiege Seville, the city is isolated and Ramón de Bonifaz sails with 13 galleys up the Guadalquivir River to scatter some 40 smaller Almohad ships trying to oppose him (with many destroyed).source
Battle between Anglo-Normans and Irish led to the Sack of Dun Gallimhe by Irish forces.Ireland source

Exploration & Expansion

The Egyptian fleet (some 20 galleys) confronts the Crusader ships led by Baldwin of Ibelin at Ascalon. But before contact is made, it is caught in a sudden Mediterranean storm. Many of the Muslim ships are driven ashore and wrecked; the survivors sail back to Egypt.source
Summer – King Henry I ("the Fat") sends a Cypriot squadron of 8 galleys with 100 knights led by Baldwin of Ibelin, to Acre. With the support of the Italian colonists, they fitted out 7 more galleys and some 50 lighter ships, to relieve the siege at Ascalon – which is now blockaded by the Egyptian fleet.source

Religion & Belief

July 2 – King Béla IV grants territories to the Knights Hospitaller in the Banate of Severin and Hungarian Cumania (according to a document called the Diploma of the Joannites), makes an early mention of Litovoi and other Vlach/Romanian local rulers, in Wallachia and Transylvania.source

Technology & Infrastructure

Romford (located within Greater London) is chartered as a market town.source

Science & Discovery

Qin Jiushao, Chinese mathematician, writes the Mathematical Treatise in Nine Sections.source

Health & Medicine

Song Ci publishes the Collected Cases of Injustice Rectified, a book considered to be the first monographic work on forensic medicine.source
The Bethlem Royal Hospital is founded in London during the reign of King Henry III.source

Culture & Society

The earliest known records of a settlement at Carrick-on-Suir are dated to 1247, when a charter of three fairs per year was awarded to Matthew Fitzgriffin, Anglo-Norman Lord of the Manor of Carrick.Ireland source

Births

Angelo da Clareno, Italian priest and religious leader (died 1337)source
Philippe de Rémi, French official and seneschal (died 1296)source
John II Avesnes, count of Hainaut and Holland (died 1304)source
Isabella of Aragon, queen consort of France (died 1271) (approximate date)source
Isabelle of Luxembourg, countess of Flanders (died 1298)source
Robert FitzWalter, 1st Baron FitzWalter, English nobleman and knight (died 1326)source
Yishan Yining, Chinese monk and calligrapher (died 1317)source
Yolande of Nevers, French noblewoman (died 1280)source
Todros ben Judah Halevi Abulafia, Castilian Jewish poetsource
Rashid al-Din, Persian statesman and historian (died 1318)source
John of Montecorvino, Italian diplomat and bishop (died 1328)source

Deaths

February 12 – Ermesinde, countess of Luxembourg (born 1186)source
February 16 – Henry Raspe, landgrave of Thuringia (born 1204)source
February 25 – Henry IV, duke of Limburg (House of Limburg)source
May 9 – Richard de Bures, French knight and Grand Mastersource
June 10 – Rodrigo Jiménez de Rada, Spanish bishop (born 1170)source
July 8 – Mōri Suemitsu, Japanese nobleman and samurai (born 1202)source
August 31 – Konrad I of Masovia, Polish nobleman (House of Piast)source
November 5 – Ogasawara Nagatsune, Japanese samurai (born 1179)source
December 21 – Roger of Salisbury, bishop of Bath and Wellssource
December 24 – Shōkū, Japanese Buddhist disciple (born 1177)source
probable – William de Ferrers, 4th Earl of Derby, English nobleman and knight (born 1168)source
unknown date – Śārṅgadeva, Indian scholar, musicologist and writer (born 1175)source