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Sumatra

island in western Indonesia, westernmost of the Sunda Islands

20 dated entries naming Sumatra, drawn from 20 separate years between 600 CE and 2019 CE. Nothing here is written by us: each line is the sentence a Wikipedia year article used, and the link beside it opens the exact revision.

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6th century

  • 600Sumatra, Java, and the surrounding islands are converted to Buddhism.source

7th century

  • 683Srivijaya is founded by Sri Jayanasa in Sumatrasource

8th century

  • 790Cambodia begins to break away from the Sumatra-based kingdom Srivijaya, as a 20-year-old Cambodian prince, who claims descent from the rulers of Funan, is consecrated in eastern Cambodia with the title Jayavarman II. In the next 10 years he will extend his powers north into the Mekong Valley (modern Vietnam).source

11th century

  • 1025Srivijaya, a Buddhist kingdom based in Sumatra, is attacked by Emperor Rajendra I of the Chola dynasty of southern India in a dispute over trading rights in Southeast Asia. It survives but declines in importance.source

14th century

  • 1377A rebellion against the Majapahit Empire is quashed in Sumatra in what is now Indonesia.source
  • 1400Prince Parameswara establishes the Malacca Sultanate, in present-day western Malaysia and northern Sumatra.source

15th century

  • 1432September 12 – The Ming Chinese expedition reaches the Samudera Pasai Sultanate on Sumatra (now part of Indonesia) and establishes trade agreements with the Sultan Zainal Abidin II, remaining at Pasai until November 2.source

16th century

  • 1579October 5 – At Banda Aceh, on the island of Sumatra in what is now Indonesia, Alauddin Mansur Syah becomes the new Sultan of Aceh upon the death of Sultan Zainul Abidin.source
  • 1589June 28 – On the island of Sumatra in what is now Indonesia, the Sultan of Aceh Darussalam, Ali Ri'ayat Syah II, is assassinated by a group of nobles dissatisfied with his rule. He becomes the fourth Sultan in a row to be murdered. Sayyid al-Mukammal is approved by the nobles as the new Sultan of Aceh.source

17th century

  • 1602June 5 – James Lancaster's East India Company fleet arrives at Achin (modern-day Aceh), Sumatra to deal with the local ruler. Having defeated Portugal's ally, the ruler is happy to do business, and Lancaster seizes a large Portuguese galleon and loots it.source
  • 1682June 17 – The Indonesian city of Bandar Lampung is founded on the island of Sumatra.source

18th century

  • 1796September 9 – French Revolutionary Wars: Action of 9 September 1796 – A naval engagement between French and British squadrons off Sumatra ends inconclusively.source

19th century

  • 1814August 13 – The Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814 is signed in London, returning most possessions of the Dutch Empire acquired by the United Kingdom since 1803 to the Netherlands, although Britain retains the Cape of Good Hope and the South American settlements of Demerara, Essequibo and Berbice (later consolidated as British Guiana). In addition, the British cede the island of Banca off the island of Sumatra, in exchange for the settlement of Cochin, India.source
  • 1833November 25 – An 8.7 magnitude earthquake strikes Sumatra in what is now Indonesia.source
  • 1864The Dutch conquer southern Sumatra.source

20th century

  • 2000June 4 – The 7.9 Enggano earthquake shakes southwestern Sumatra, killing 103 people and injuring at least 2,174.source

21st century

  • 2004December 26 – The 9.1–9.3 Indian Ocean earthquake shakes northern Sumatra with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). One of the largest observed tsunamis follows, affecting coastal areas of Thailand, India, Sri Lanka, Somalia, the Maldives, Malaysia, Myanmar, Bangladesh, and Indonesia, killing 227,000 people.source
  • 2005March 28 – The 8.6 Nias–Simeulue earthquake shakes northern Sumatra with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VI (Strong), leaving 915–1,314 people dead and 340–1,146 injured.source
  • 2010October 25 – An earthquake and consequent tsunami off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia, kills over 400 people and leaves hundreds missing.source
  • 2019December 23 – 28 people are killed and 13 others injured after a bus plunges into a ravine on a winding road in South Sumatra.source

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