Geopolitics & Diplomacy in the 21st century

486 sourced entries, 2000 CE to 2025 CE, oldest first. Also see Geopolitics & Diplomacy across every century or everything else in the 21st century.

• 2000March 26 – 2000 Russian presidential election: Vladimir Putin is elected President of Russia.source
• 2000June 10–July 2 – Belgium and the Netherlands jointly host the UEFA Euro 2000 football tournament, which is won by France.source
• 2000July 2 – Vicente Fox of the National Action Party (PAN) is elected President of Mexico, becoming the first president not from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) since 1929.source
• 2000August 23 – The state funeral of Abulfaz Elchibey, the second President of Azerbaijan, takes place in Baku.source
• 2000October 22 – Japanese Prime Minister Yoshiro Mori and Singaporean Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong formally negotiate a Japan-Singapore Economic Agreement for a New Age Partnership (JSEPA).source
• 2000November 7 – 2000 United States presidential election: No winner can be declared, prompting a controversial recount in Florida.source
• 2000November 12 – The United States recognizes the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.source
• 2000November 20 – Alberto Fujimori, President of Peru, faxes his resignation from a hotel room in Japan, having fled Peru after facing corruption charges. Fujimori would be officially removed from office by Congress on the 22nd.source
• 2000December 12 – Bush v. Gore: The United States Supreme Court rules that the recount of the 2000 presidential election in Florida should be halted and the original results be certified, thus making George W. Bush the winner of the U.S. presidential election.source
• 2001January 7 – Ghana undergoes its first peaceful transfer of power since 1979 when John Kufuor is sworn in as President of Ghana.source
• 2001January 20 – Impeachment proceedings against Philippine President Joseph Estrada end prematurely as he is peacefully overthrown in the Second EDSA Revolution. Vice President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo succeeds him as president.source
• 2001January 21 – Taba Summit: Talks between Israel and the Palestinian National Authority begin in Egypt.source
• 2001February 6 – 2001 Israeli prime ministerial election: Ariel Sharon of the Likud party is elected Prime Minister of Israel.source
• 2001February 11 – 2001 Liechtenstein general election: The Progressive Citizens' Party led by Otmar Hasler wins a majority of 13 seats in the Landtag.source
• 2001April 17 – Nông Đức Mạnh is chosen as General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam.source
• 2001April 26 – Junichiro Koizumi becomes the 86th Prime Minister of Japan.source
• 2001April 26 – The Parliament of Ukraine votes to dismiss Prime Minister Viktor Yushchenko.source
• 2001May 13 – The House of Freedoms coalition led by Silvio Berlusconi wins the Italian general election.source
• 2001June 15 – Declaration to establish the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation is signed.source
• 2001June 19 – Germany enacts a program to compensate Holocaust survivors that were subject to slave labor.source
• 2001July 14 – Agra Summit: India and Pakistan begin talks to improve relations. The summit ends inconclusively on July 16.source
• 2001July 23 – Megawati Sukarnoputri is inaugurated as the first female president of Indonesia.source
• 2001July 24 – Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, deposed as the last Tsar of Bulgaria when a child, is sworn in as the democratically elected 48th Prime Minister of Bulgaria.source
• 2001July 28 – Alejandro Toledo becomes the President of Peru.source
• 2001October 25 – To avoid connotations with the Rwandan genocide, the government of Rwanda adopts a new national flag for the country.source
• 2001November 1 – An interim government in Burundi begins the peace process for the Burundian Civil War.source
• 2001November 10 – 2001 Australian federal election: The Coalition government, led by John Howard, is re-elected with a slightly increased majority, defeating the Labor Party led by Kim Beazley.source
• 2001November 19 - President George W. Bush signs the Aviation and Transportation Security Act into law, shifting airport security from private contractors to a federal workforce.source
• 2001November 23 – The Budapest Convention on Cybercrime, the first international treaty to address cybercrime, is signed in Budapest, Hungary.source
• 2001December 13 – U.S. President George W. Bush announces the American withdrawal from the 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty.source
• 2001December 13 – Sirajuddin of Perlis becomes the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, the constitutional monarch and head of state of Malaysia.source
• 2001December 22 – Burhanuddin Rabbani, political leader of the Northern Alliance, hands over power in Afghanistan to the interim government headed by President Hamid Karzai.source
• 2001December 27 – China is granted permanent normal trade status with the United States.source
• 2002January 16 – The United Nations and Sierra Leone create a joint Special Court for Sierra Leone to prosecute the Revolutionary United Front.source
• 2002January 29 – American president George W. Bush defines an "axis of evil," consisting of Iran, Iraq, and North Korea in his State of the Union Address.source
• 2002February 14 – The State of Bahrain is declared a constitutional monarchy and becomes the Kingdom of Bahrain.source
• 2002April 1 – The South West State of Somalia is established as an autonomous territory in Somalia by Hasan Muhammad Nur Shatigadud.source
• 2002April 4 – A peace agreement is made to end the Angolan Civil War.source
• 2002April 14 – President Hugo Chávez of Venezuela is restored to power following an attempted coup.source
• 2002May 20 – Timor-Leste independence: East Timor regains its independence as the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste after 2.5 years of United Nations administration and 26 years of Indonesian occupation since 1975.source
• 2002May 22 – Nepali Prime Minister Sher Bahadur Deuba asks King Gyanendra to dissolve the parliament amid escalation of the Nepalese Civil War.source
• 2002May 24 – United States President George W. Bush and Russian President Vladimir Putin sign the Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty.source
• 2002May 28 – The NATO-Russia Council is established.source
• 2002June 13 – The United States withdraws from the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty with Russia.source
• 2002June 13 – Afghanistan changes its official longform name to the Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan.source
• 2002July 1 – The Rome Statute comes into force, thereby establishing the International Criminal Court.source
• 2002July 20 – The Machakos Protocol is signed during the Second Sudanese Civil War, establishing a framework for peace talks and possible independence of South Sudan.source
• 2002September 27 – East Timor is admitted to the United Nations as the 191st member state; it also changes its official longform name from "Democratic Republic of East Timor" to "Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste".source
• 2002October 27 – 2002 Brazilian general election: Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva is elected President of Brazil.source
• 2002November 7 – A sovereignty referendum is held in Gibraltar. The people reject Spanish sovereignty.source
• 2002November 15 – Hu Jintao becomes General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party.source
• 2002November 22 – Prague summit: NATO announces seven new countries that intend to join: Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia, and Slovenia.source
• 2002November 25 – U.S. President George W. Bush signs the Homeland Security Act into law, establishing the Department of Homeland Security, in the largest U.S. government reorganization since the creation of the Department of Defense in 1947. Following a several month-long transitional period, it commences operations the following year.source
• 2002November 25 – The Hague Code of Conduct is signed to regulate intercontinental ballistic missiles internationally.source
• 2002December 17 – A peace agreement is made in the Second Congo War, approving the creation of the Transitional Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.source
• 2002December 17 – The International Court of Justice rules in favor of Malaysia in the Ligitan and Sipadan dispute with Indonesia.source
• 2002December 27 – 2002 Kenyan general election: Kenya holds its first free elections, ousting the dominant Kenya African National Union Party following a victory of the National Rainbow Coalition.source
• 2003February 4 – The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia is renamed to "Serbia and Montenegro" (after its two constituent states) after its leaders reconstitute the country into a loose state-union between Montenegro and Serbia, marking an end to the 73-year-long use of the name "Yugoslavia" by a sovereign state.source
• 2003March 8 – Malta approves joining the European Union in a referendum.source
• 2003March 17 – U.S. President George W. Bush presents a 48-hour ultimatum for Iraqi president Saddam Hussein to resign.source
• 2003March 23 – Slovenia approves joining the European Union and NATO in a referendum.source
• 2003April 12 – Hungary approves joining the European Union in a referendum.source
• 2003April 16 – The Treaty of Accession is signed in Athens between the European Union and ten countries (Czech Republic, Estonia, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Malta, Poland, Slovenia and Slovakia), concerning these countries' accession into the EU, leading to the 2004 enlargement of the European Union.source
• 2003May 11 – Lithuania approves joining the European Union in a referendum.source
• 2003May 21 – The World Health Organization adopts its first treaty, the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control.source
• 2003June 1 – The Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty comes into effect between Russia and the United States.source
• 2003June 6 – An agreement is reached for the United Nations to form a Khmer Rouge Tribunal.source
• 2003June 14 – The Czech Republic approves joining the European Union in a referendum.source
• 2003June 20 – Former President of France Valéry Giscard d'Estaing presents his draft for a Constitution of the European Union.source
• 2003June 30 – Warring parties in the Democratic Republic of the Congo sign a peace accord, bringing an end to the Second Congo War.source
• 2003July 1 – The Migrant Workers Convention comes into effect.source
• 2003July 13 – The Iraqi Governing Council is created by the United States as an ethnically diverse provisional government of Iraq.source
• 2003July 18 – The Convention on the Future of Europe finishes its work and proposes the first European Constitution.source
• 2003August 20 – The G21 (later called the G20 developing nations) forms in response to disputes around the upcoming World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2003.source
• 2003August 27 – The first six-party talks, involving South and North Korea, the United States, China, Japan and Russia, convene to find a peaceful resolution to the security concerns of the North Korean nuclear weapons program.source
• 2003September 14 – Estonia approves joining the European Union in a referendum.source
• 2003September 20 – Latvia approves joining the European Union in a referendum.source
• 2003September 25 – Two parties in the Second Sudanese Civil War, the National Islamic Front and the Sudan People's Liberation Movement, reach a peace agreement.source
• 2003October 21 – After acknowledging that it has produced enriched uranium, Iran agrees to suspend its nuclear program.source
• 2003November 6 – The International Court of Justice rules in the Oil Platforms case that the United States was not justified in its 1987 attacks on Iranian oil platforms but that neither party violated a 1955 treaty.source
• 2003December 9 – The United Nations Convention Against Corruption is opened for signing.source
• 2004January 21 – Bartholomew I of Constantinople visits Cuba.source
• 2004February 24 – The Rotterdam Convention comes into force.source
• 2004March 14 – Vladimir Putin is reelected president of Russia with 71.2 percent of the vote.source
• 2004March 29 – Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia are admitted to NATO, the largest expansion of the organization.source
• 2004May 1 – The European Union expands by 10 new member states: Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia.source
• 2004May 7 – Vladimir Putin is sworn in for a second term as Russia's president.source
• 2004May 13 – The Ralito II Agreement is signed between Colombia and the United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia.source
• 2004May 22 – Manmohan Singh, a Sikh, is sworn in as India's first non-Hindu prime minister.source
• 2004July 4 – The International Court of Justice issues an advisory ruling that the construction of the West Bank barrier violates the Palestinian people's right to self-determination.source
• 2004September 7 – The Scottish Parliament Building opens.source
• 2004October 9 – Afghanistan holds its first presidential election. Hamid Karzai wins with 55.4 percent of the vote.source
• 2004October 29 – European heads of state sign in Rome the Treaty and Final Act, establishing the first European Constitution.source
• 2004November 2 – George W. Bush is reelected president of the United States, defeating his challenger John Kerry.source
• 2004November 5 – Russia ratifies the Kyoto Protocol.source
• 2004December 30 – A peace agreement is reached between Senegal and the Movement of Democratic Forces of Casamance.source
• 2005January 9 – The Comprehensive Peace Agreement is signed, ending the Second Sudanese Civil War in Sudan.source
• 2005February 7 – A presidential decree on redenomination of the Azerbaijani manat is issued, equating 1 new manat to 5000 old manats.source
• 2005February 16 – The Kyoto Protocol officially goes into effect.source
• 2005March 13 – 2005 Liechtenstein general election: The Progressive Citizens' Party remains the largest party and wins a plurality of 12 seats in the Landtag.source
• 2005March 14 – China ratifies an anti-secession law, aimed at preventing Taiwan from declaring independence.source
• 2005March 24 – The President of Kyrgyzstan, Askar Akayev, is deposed following mass anti-government demonstrations and flees the country.source
• 2005May 5 – The 2005 United Kingdom general election is won by Prime Minister Tony Blair and the Labour Party for a third consecutive majority government.source
• 2005July 6 – The European Parliament rejects the proposed directive on the patentability of computer-implemented inventions in its second reading.source
• 2005August 26 – The Constitution of Chile is heavily amended, eliminating senators for life, reducing the presidential terms from six to four years, giving the president exclusive rights to summon the National Security Council, and removes legal obstacles for the creation of new regions.source
• 2005September 7 – Egypt holds its first ever multi-party presidential election, which is marred with allegations of fraud.source
• 2005September 19 – North Korea agrees to stop building nuclear weapons in exchange for aid and cooperation.source
• 2005October 3 – Croatia and Turkey's accession negotiations to the European Union officially starts.source
• 2005November 22 – Angela Merkel assumes office as the first female Chancellor of Germany.source
• 2005November 23 – Ellen Johnson Sirleaf wins the Liberian general election, making her the first democratically elected female head of state in Africa.source
• 2006January 22 – Evo Morales is inaugurated as president of Bolivia.source
• 2006January 25 – Hamas wins the 2006 Palestinian legislative election.source
• 2006February 6 – Stephen Harper is sworn in as the Prime Minister of Canada after winning the federal election on January 23.source
• 2006March 10 – Michelle Bachelet becomes the first female president of Chile.source
• 2006March 15 – The United Nations General Assembly votes overwhelmingly to establish the United Nations Human Rights Council.source
• 2006April 20 – Iran announces a deal with Russia, involving a joint uranium enrichment firm on Russian soil; nine days later Iran announces that it will not move all activity to Russia, thus leading to a de facto termination of the deal.source
• 2006June 3 – Montenegro declares its independence from Serbia and Montenegro after a May 21 referendum and becomes a sovereign state. Two days later, the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro officially disbands after Serbia declares its independence as well, ending an 88-year union between the two countries and leaving Serbia as the successor country to the union.source
• 2006July 2 – The 2006 Mexican presidential election is held. Felipe Calderón is confirmed as the winner on September 5.source
• 2006September 7 – British Prime Minister Tony Blair announces his intention to resign by the end of 2007.source
• 2006October 6 – Fredrik Reinfeldt replaces Göran Persson as Prime Minister of Sweden.source
• 2006October 11–13 – St Andrews Agreement is held in Scotland between the British and Irish governments on devolution in Northern Ireland.source
• 2006October 13 – South Korean Ban Ki-moon is elected as the new Secretary-General of the United Nations, succeeding Kofi Annan.source
• 2006November 12 – The breakaway state of South Ossetia holds a referendum on independence from Georgia.source
• 2006December 29 – UK settles its Anglo-American loan, post-WWII loan debt.source
• 2007January 1 – Bulgaria and Romania join the European Union, while Slovenia joins the Eurozone.source
• 2007January 4 – Nancy Pelosi becomes the first female speaker of the United States House of Representatives.source
• 2007March 4 – The First Ivorian Civil War ends with a peace agreement.source
• 2007March 27 – Latvian Prime Minister Aigars Kalvītis and Russian Prime Minister Mikhail Fradkov sign a border treaty between Latvia and Russia, officially demarcating the border between the two.source
• 2007May 6 – 2007 French presidential election: Nicolas Sarkozy is elected President of France in the second round.source
• 2007May 10 – As a result of factors including the Blair–Brown deal and falling approval ratings as a result of the Iraq War, British Prime Minister Tony Blair announces his intention to resign as Leader of the Labour Party and Prime Minister, triggering the 2007 Labour Party leadership election, in which Chancellor Gordon Brown ran unopposed. Brown would officially replace Blair as Prime Minister on 27 June.source
• 2007June 27 – Gordon Brown succeeds Tony Blair and becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom after a leadership election.source
• 2007August 10 – The UEFA Executive Committee decided to cancel the UEFA Euro 2008 qualifying matches between Armenia and Azerbaijan in Group A, after the proposal to play them on neutral ground was rejected by the federations of the two countries.source
• 2007September 13 – The United Nations General Assembly adopts the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.source
• 2007October 22 – Montenegro adopts a new constitution, which among other things changes the country's official name from "Republic of Montenegro" to "Montenegro".source
• 2007October 28 – 2007 Argentine general election: Cristina Fernández de Kirchner becomes the first directly elected female President of Argentina.source
• 2007November 24 – 2007 Australian federal election: The Labor Party led by Kevin Rudd defeats the Liberal/National Coalition government led by Prime Minister John Howard. Rudd would be sworn in on December 3.source
• 2007December 1 – At the age of , Queen Elizabeth II becomes the oldest ever reigning British monarch, surpassing Queen Victoria who was aged upon her death on January 22, 1901.source
• 2007December 13 – The Treaty of Lisbon is signed by members states of European Union.source
• 2007December 21 – The Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia join the Schengen border-free zone.source
• 2008January 24 – A peace deal is signed in Goma, Democratic Republic of the Congo, ending the Kivu conflict.source
• 2008February 17 – Kosovo formally declares independence from Serbia, to a mixed response from the international community.source
• 2008March 8 – Barisan Nasional loses two-thirds majority, for the first time since 1969, to opposition during the 2008 Malaysian general election but still retains control of government. The coalition also loses majority control of five states to the opposition.source
• 2008March 24 – Bhutan holds its first-ever general elections following the adoption of a new Constitution which changed the country from an absolute monarchy to a multiparty democracy.source
• 2008May 21 – The Union of South American Nations, an intergovernmental organization between states in South America, is founded.source
• 2008May 21 – The International Court of Justice awards Middle Rocks to Malaysia and Pedra Branca to Singapore, ending a 29-year territorial dispute between the two countries.source
• 2008May 28 – The Legislature Parliament of Nepal votes overwhelmingly in favor of abolishing the country's 240-year-old monarchy, turning the country into a republic.source
• 2008June 11 – Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper formally apologizes, on behalf of the Canadian government, to the country's First Nations for the Canadian Indian residential school system.source
• 2008August 1 – India and United States sign the historic Civil Nuclear deal.source
• 2008November 4 – 2008 United States presidential election: Democratic U.S. Senator Barack Obama defeats Republican candidate John McCain and is elected the 44th President of the United States, making him the first African-American to be elected to the office.source
• 2008December 10 – The Channel Island of Sark, a British Crown dependency, holds its first fully democratic elections under a new constitutional arrangement, becoming the last European territory to abolish feudalism.source
• 2009January 20 – Barack Obama is sworn in as the 44th President of the United States, becoming the first African-American to hold the office.source
• 2009February 8 – 2009 Liechtenstein general election: The Patriotic Union led by Klaus Tschütscher wins a majority of 13 seats in the Landtag.source
• 2009April 1 – Albania and Croatia join NATO.source
• 2009May 15 – France–Pakistan Atomic Energy Framework bilateral energy treaty is signed.source
• 2009June 21 – Greenland gains self-rule.source
• 2009July 16 – Iceland's national parliament, the Althingi, votes to pursue joining the EU.source
• 2009August 3 – Bolivia becomes the first South American country to declare the right of indigenous people to govern themselves.source
• 2009August 14 – The United Kingdom imposes direct rule on the Turks and Caicos Islands after an inquiry that found evidence of government corruption.source
• 2009October 2 – Ireland holds a second referendum on the EU's Lisbon Treaty. The amendment is approved by the Irish electorate, having been rejected in the Lisbon I referendum held last year.source
• 2009October 20 – Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono is inaugurated for a second term as President of Indonesia.source
• 2009November 3 – The Czech Republic becomes the final member-state of the European Union to sign the Treaty of Lisbon, thereby permitting that document's initiation into European law.source
• 2009November 3 – The Prime Minister of Belgium, Herman Van Rompuy, is designated the first permanent President of the European Council, a position he takes up on December 1, 2009.source
• 2009December 1 – The Treaty of Lisbon comes into force.source
• 2009December 22 – Serbia applied for membership to the European Union.source
• 2010January 15 – The Chadian Civil War officially ends.source
• 2010January 19 – North Caucasian Federal District was split from Southern Federal District by decree of Russian president Dmitry Medvedev.source
• 2010April 25 – In the second round of the 2010 Hungarian parliamentary election the alliance of Fidesz lead by Viktor Orbán and the Christian Democratic People's Party (KDNP) wins enough seats to achieve a two-thirds supermajority in the legislature, beginning the 16-year second premiership of Viktor Orbán during which the country enters a period of democratic backsliding.source
• 2010May 6 – The 2010 United Kingdom general election results in a hung parliament, with the Conservative Party twenty seats short of a majority.source
• 2010May 7 – Chile becomes the 31st member of the OECD.source
• 2010May 10 – The 2010 Philippine presidential election is held, with Benigno Aquino III elected as Philippine President.source
• 2010May 12 – Following the 6 May United Kingdom general election, the Conservative and Liberal Democrat parties agree to form a coalition government, the UK's first since the Second World War.source
• 2010June 24 – Julia Gillard is elected unopposed in a Labor Party leadership ballot and sworn in as the first female prime minister of Australia following the resignation of Kevin Rudd.source
• 2010July 21 – Slovenia becomes the 32nd member of the OECD.source
• 2010August 21 – 2010 Australian federal election: Julia Gillard's Labor government is re-elected, narrowly defeating the Liberal/National Coalition led by Tony Abbott.source
• 2010September 7 – Israel becomes the 33rd member of the OECD.source
• 2010October 3 – Germany makes final reparation payment for World War I.source
• 2010October 10 – The Netherlands Antilles are dissolved, with the islands being split up and given a new constitutional status.source
• 2010October 11 – Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu says that he will extend the settlement freeze if the Palestinian leadership recognizes Israel as a Jewish state. The Palestinians quickly reject the offer.source
• 2010October 28 – Dilma Rousseff is elected, becoming the first (and, so far, the only) female president from Brazil.source
• 2010November 2 – 2010 United States elections were held on Tuesday, November 2, 2010, in the middle of Democratic President Barack Obama's first term. Republicans ended unified Democratic control of Congress and the presidency by winning a majority in the House of Representatives.source
• 2010November 20 – Participants of the 2010 NATO Lisbon summit issue the Lisbon Summit Declaration.source
• 2010December 9 – Estonia becomes the 34th member of the OECD.source
• 2011January 15 – The result of the South Sudanese independence referendum, 2011 is in favour of independence, paving the way for the creation of the new state in July.source
• 2011February 11 – Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak resigns after widespread protests calling for his departure, leaving control of Egypt in the hands of the military, until a general election can be held.source
• 2011July 9 – South Sudan secedes from Sudan, per the result of the independence referendum held in January.source
• 2011July 14 – South Sudan joins the United Nations as the 193rd member.source
• 2011September 5 – India and Bangladesh sign a pact to end their 40-year border demarcation dispute.source
• 2011October 29 – Michael D. Higgins is elected President of Ireland.source
• 2011October 31 – UNESCO admits Palestine as a member, following a vote which 107 member states support and 14 oppose.source
• 2011November 30 – The United Kingdom severs diplomatic relations with Iran and expels diplomats, less than 24 hours after protesters attacked the British embassy in Tehran.source
• 2012January 23 – Iran–European Union relations: the European Union adopts an embargo against Iran in protest of its continued effort to enrich uranium.source
• 2012February 27 – Yemeni President Ali Abdullah Saleh formally transfers power to Vice President Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi, after a year of mass protests, ending his 33-year-long reign.source
• 2012March 1 – Sauli Niinistö is inaugurated as the 12th President of Finland.source
• 2012March 4 – Vladimir Putin is elected President of Russia.source
• 2012April 6 – The National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad unilaterally declares the independence of Azawad from Mali.source
• 2012April 11 – Kim Jong Un was elected First Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea, and his father, Kim Jong Il, was given the appellation "Eternal General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea".source
• 2012May 6 – Legislative elections are held in Greece to elect all 300 members of the Hellenic Parliament and the New Democracy party led by Antonis Samaras, comes out as the largest party winning 108 out of 300 seats.source
• 2012May 20 Presidential elections were held in the Dominican Republic, Danilo Medina result as president-elect.source
• 2012June 17 – Snap legislative elections are held in Greece, following failure to form a government, to elect all 300 members of the Hellenic Parliament and the New Democracy party, led by Antonis Samaras, comes out as the largest party winning 129 out of 300 seats.source
• 2012June 21 – The Congress of Paraguay approves the impeachment of president Fernando Lugo.source
• 2012June 22 – Fernando Lugo is removed from power. Vice President Federico Franco becomes the new president of Paraguay.source
• 2012June 30 – Mohamed Morsi, a member of the Muslim Brotherhood, is elected 5th President of Egypt, the first elected democratically by the Egyptian people, sparking mixed reactions and protests throughout the country.source
• 2012July 4 – Sport Club Corinthians Paulista wins the Copa Libertadores by beating the Boca Juniors.source
• 2012August 31 – Armenia severs diplomatic relations with Hungary, following the extradition to Azerbaijan and subsequent pardoning of Ramil Safarov, who was convicted of killing an Armenian soldier in Hungary in 2004. The move is also met with fierce criticism from other countries.source
• 2012September 7 – Canada officially cuts diplomatic ties with Iran by closing its embassy in Tehran, and orders the expulsion of Iranian diplomats from Ottawa, over support for Syria, nuclear plans and human rights abuses.source
• 2012October 25 – North Kalimantan is established as the 34th province of Indonesia.source
• 2012November 6 – 2012 United States presidential election: Barack Obama is reelected President of the United States, defeating his Republican challenger Mitt Romney.source
• 2012November 15 – After the 18th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, Xi Jinping succeeds Hu Jintao as the General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party and becomes the top leader of China.source
• 2012November 29 – The UN General Assembly approves a motion granting Palestine non-member observer state status.source
• 2012December 6 – The U.S. state of Washington becomes the first jurisdiction in the modern world to officially legalize the possession of cannabis for personal use.source
• 2012December 8 – The UN Climate Change Conference in Qatar agrees to extend the Kyoto Protocol until 2020.source
• 2013February 3 – 2013 Liechtenstein general election: The Progressive Citizens' Party led by Adrian Hasler wins a plurality of 10 seats in the Landtag.source
• 2013February 25 – Park Geun-hye becomes the first woman to become the president of South Korea.source
• 2013April 2 – The United Nations General Assembly adopts the Arms Trade Treaty to regulate the international trade of conventional weapons.source
• 2013April 21 – Businessman Horacio Cartes wins the 2013 Paraguayan general election against Efraín Alegre.source
• 2013April 30 – Willem-Alexander is inaugurated as King of the Netherlands following the abdication of his mother, Beatrix.source
• 2013June 25 – Emir of Qatar Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani abdicates and his son Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani assumes power.source
• 2013June 26 – Kevin Rudd defeats Julia Gillard in an Australian Labor Party leadership ballot and consequently becomes Prime Minister of Australia, three years after Gillard replaced Rudd.source
• 2013July 1 – Croatia becomes the 28th member of the European Union.source
• 2013July 21 – Philippe is sworn in as King of the Belgians, following the abdication of his father, Albert II.source
• 2013August 15 – Horacio Cartes is sworn in as President of Paraguay.source
• 2013August 29 – The United Kingdom Parliament votes against UK military attacks on Syria.source
• 2013September 7 – 2013 Australian federal election: The Liberal/National Coalition led by Tony Abbott defeats the Labor Government led by Prime Minister Kevin Rudd. Abbott is sworn in on September 18.source
• 2013October 10 – Delegates from some 140 countries and territories sign the Minamata Treaty, a UNEP treaty designed to protect human health and the environment from emissions and releases of mercury and mercury compounds.source
• 2013November 21 – Euromaidan pro-EU demonstrations begin in Ukraine after President Viktor Yanukovych rejects an economic association agreement between the European Union and Ukraine in favor of closer ties to Russia.source
• 2013November 24 – Iran agrees to limit their nuclear development program in exchange for sanctions relief.source
• 2013December 7 – Ninth Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Organization delegates sign the Bali Package agreement aimed at loosening global trade barriers.source
• 2014February 22 – Revolution of Dignity: The Verkhovna Rada (Ukrainian parliament) votes to remove President Viktor Yanukovych from office, replacing him with Oleksandr Turchynov, after days of civil unrest leaving around 100 people dead in Kyiv.source
• 2014March 5 – Nicolás Maduro, the President of Venezuela, severs diplomatic and political ties with Panama, accusing Panama of being involved in a conspiracy against the Venezuelan government.source
• 2014March 21 – Russia formally annexes Crimea after President Vladimir Putin signs a bill formalizing the process.source
• 2014April 7 – The self-proclaimed Donetsk People's Republic declares its independence from Ukraine.source
• 2014May 12 – The self-proclaimed Luhansk People's Republic declares its independence from Ukraine.source
• 2014May 22 – The Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic declare the formation of Novorossiya, also referred to as the Union of People's Republics.source
• 2014May 26 – Narendra Modi succeeds Manmohan Singh as the 14th Prime Minister of India.source
• 2014June 19 – Felipe VI becomes King of Spain upon the abdication of his father, Juan Carlos I.source
• 2014September 18 – In the 2014 Scottish independence referendum, Scotland votes against independence from the United Kingdom.source
• 2014October 3 – Stefan Löfven replaces Fredrik Reinfeldt as Prime Minister of Sweden.source
• 2014October 20 – Joko Widodo is inaugurated as the 7th President of Indonesia.source
• 2014October 31 – Longtime Burkina Faso President Blaise Compaoré resigns after widespread protests in response to his attempts to abolish presidential term limits.source
• 2014December 17 – U.S. President Barack Obama announces the resumption of normal diplomatic relations between the U.S. and Cuba.source
• 2015January 22 – After Houthi forces seize the presidential palace, Yemeni President Abd Rabbuh Mansur Hadi resigns after months of unrest.source
• 2015January 25 – Legislative elections are held in Greece to elect all 300 members of the Hellenic Parliament and the SYRIZA party, led by Alexis Tsipras, comes out as the largest party winning 149 out of 300 seats.source
• 2015May 7 – The 2015 UK General Election results in the first Conservative majority government in 18 years.source
• 2015May 10 – The first round of the 2015 Polish presidential election is held.source
• 2015May 24 – The second round of the 2015 Polish presidential election is held, with Andrzej Duda reigning victorious over then-incumbent president Bronisław Komorowski.source
• 2015June 2 – The FIFA President Sepp Blatter announces his intention to resign amidst an FBI-led corruption investigation, and calls for an extraordinary congress to elect a new president as soon as possible.source
• 2015June 6 – The governments of India and Bangladesh officially ratify their 1974 agreement to exchange enclaves along their border.source
• 2015July 14 – Iranian nuclear deal: Iran agrees to long-term limits of its nuclear program in exchange for sanctions relief.source
• 2015July 20 – Cuba and the United States end 54 years of hostility between the nations, reestablish full diplomatic relations.source
• 2015August 1 – 161 exclaves of Bangladesh within India or vice versa are ceded to the country that contained them.source
• 2015September 9 – Queen Elizabeth II, having been on the throne for , becomes the longest-reigning British monarch in history and the longest-serving head of state of any nation in modern history, surpassing Queen Victoria who had reigned for upon her death on January 22, 1901.source
• 2015September 14 – Malcolm Turnbull defeats Tony Abbott in a Liberal Party leadership ballot. Turnbull becomes Prime Minister of Australia, being sworn in the following day.source
• 2015September 20 – Snap legislative elections are held in Greece, following the resignation of prime minister Alexis Tsipras, to elect all 300 members of the Hellenic Parliament and the SYRIZA party, led by Alexis Tsipras comes out as the largest party winning 145 out of 300 seats.source
• 2015October 25 – The 2015 Polish parliamentary election is held for the Sejm of the Republic of Poland, with the election being won by the largest opposition party, the right-wing Law and Justice (PiS).source
• 2015November 7 – CCP general secretary Xi Jinping and ROC president Ma Ying-jeou formally meet for the first time.source
• 2015December 12 – A global climate change pact is agreed at the COP 21 summit in Paris, committing all countries to reduce carbon emissions for the first time.source
• 2016January 3 – Following the fallout caused by the execution of Nimr al-Nimr, Saudi Arabia and several other countries end their diplomatic relations with Iran.source
• 2016January 16 – In the general election of the Republic of China (Taiwan), the Democratic Progressive Party, led by Tsai Ing-wen, secured a majority in the Legislative Yuan, resulting in the first majority by a non-KMT party and the first majority won by the DPP. Tsai became the 14th President for Taiwan, and also became the first female leader in China.source
• 2016March 21 – Barack Obama visits Cuba, marking the first time a sitting US president has visited the island nation since President Calvin Coolidge visited in 1928.source
• 2016May 9 – Rodrigo Duterte is elected the President of the Philippines.source
• 2016May 20 – Tsai Ing-wen is sworn in as the first female President of the Republic of China (Taiwan).source
• 2016June 23 – The United Kingdom votes in a referendum to leave the European Union, triggering the so-called Brexit.source
• 2016July 1 – Latvia becomes the 35th member of the OECD.source
• 2016July 2 – 2016 Australian federal election: Malcolm Turnbull's Liberal/National Coalition Government is narrowly re-elected, defeating the Labor Party led by Bill Shorten.source
• 2016July 12 – The Philippines wins the arbitration case they filed at the Permanent Court of Arbitration regarding the legality of China's "nine-dash line" claim over the South China Sea under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.source
• 2016August 31 – The Brazilian Senate votes (61–20) to impeach the President of Brazil Dilma Rousseff. The Vice President of Brazil, Michel Temer, who had assumed the presidential powers and duties as Acting President of Brazil during Rousseff's suspension, takes office for the remainder of her term.source
• 2016September 3 – The US and China, together responsible for 40% of the world's carbon emissions, both formally join the Paris global climate agreement.source
• 2016October 13 – The Maldives announces its decision to withdraw from the Commonwealth of Nations.source
• 2016November 8 – 2016 United States presidential election: Businessman and television personality Donald Trump is elected the 45th President of the United States in a surprise upset against his opponent, former Secretary of State and First Lady Hillary Clinton.source
• 2016November 24 – The Colombian government and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia—People's Army sign a revised peace deal, slowing the Colombian conflict.source
• 2016December 4 – A constitutional referendum is held in Italy, resulting in the resignation of Prime Minister Matteo Renzi.source
• 2016December 9 – South Korean President Park Geun-hye is suspended after MPs vote to impeach her, following a political scandal.source
• 2017January 19 – 2016–2017 Gambian constitutional crisis: The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) launches a military intervention in the Gambia after Yahya Jammeh refuses to cede power following the 2016 presidential elections.source
• 2017January 21 – 2016–2017 Gambian constitutional crisis: Following the military intervention of ECOWAS, President Yahya Jammeh resigns from office after 23 years in power and flees into exile to Equatorial Guinea; the democratically elected Adama Barrow assumes office as President of The Gambia.source
• 2017January 30 – Morocco rejoins the African Union.source
• 2017February 5 – 2017 Liechtenstein general election: The Progressive Citizens' Party led by Adrian Hasler retains a plurality of 9 seats in the Landtag.source
• 2017March 29 – The United Kingdom triggers Article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty, starting the Brexit negotiations, the talks for the United Kingdom to leave the European Union.source
• 2017May 7 – 2017 French presidential election: Emmanuel Macron of En Marche! wins the second round of the French presidential election decisively, defeating Marine Le Pen of the National Front (FN).source
• 2017June 1 – Amidst widespread criticism, the U.S. government announces its decision to withdraw from the Paris Climate Agreement in due time.source
• 2017June 5 – The Qatar diplomatic crisis of 2017–18 starts, as Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates and other Arab countries block Qatari access to their seas and air.source
• 2017June 5 – Montenegro joins NATO as the 29th member.source
• 2017June 8 – A snap general election is held in the United Kingdom, three years before the next was due, resulting in a hung parliament, with the Conservative Party, led by Prime Minister Theresa May, losing their majority in Parliament. The Labour Party, led by Jeremy Corbyn, makes gains for the first time since 1997. Days later, the Conservative Party, now lacking a majority, enters a confidence-and-supply deal with the Northern Ireland loyalist party DUP.source
• 2017July 4 – Russia and China urge North Korea to halt its missile and nuclear programs after it successfully tested its first intercontinental ballistic missile.source
• 2017July 7 – The Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons is voted for by 122 states.source
• 2017July 10 – Iraqi Civil War: Mosul is declared fully liberated from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant.source
• 2017August 5 – Mauritania holds a constitutional referendum for approval of proposed amendments to the constitution.source
• 2017September 25 – The Kurdistan Region votes in a referendum to become an independent state, in defiance of Iraq; by October 15, the crisis escalates into a short-lived armed conflict over disputed territories.source
• 2017October 17 – Syrian Civil War: Raqqa is declared fully liberated from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant.source
• 2017October 25 – At the 19th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, Xi Jinping assumes his second term as General Secretary (China's paramount leader), and the political theory Xi Jinping Thought is written into the party's constitution.source
• 2017October 27 – Based on the results of a previously held referendum, Catalonia declares independence from Spain, but the Catalan Republic is not recognised by the Spanish government or any other sovereign nation.source
• 2017November 15 – Zimbabwean President Robert Mugabe is placed under house arrest, as the military take control of the country. He resigns six days later, after 37 years of rule.source
• 2017December 6 – The United States officially recognizes Jerusalem as Israel's capital.source
• 2017December 9 – The Iraqi military announces that it has "fully liberated" all of Iraq's territory from "ISIS terrorist gangs" and retaken full control of the Iraqi-Syrian border.source
• 2017December 24 – Guatemala follows in the footsteps of the United States by announcing that they will also move their Israeli embassy to Jerusalem, followed by Honduras and Panama two days later.source
• 2018January 12–13 – The first round of voting in the 2018 Czech presidential election is held.source
• 2018January 26–27 – The second round of voting of the 2018 Czech presidential election is held and incumbent president Miloš Zeman is reelected.source
• 2018January 28 – 2018 Finnish presidential election: Incumbent president Sauli Niinistö is reelected on the first round of voting.source
• 2018February 4 – The second round of voting of the 2018 Cypriot presidential election is held and incumbent president Nicos Anastasiades is reelected.source
• 2018February 14 – Jacob Zuma resigns as President of South Africa after nine years in power.source
• 2018March 4 – The 2018 Italian general election is held to elect all 315 members of the Senate of the Republic and all 630 members of the Chamber of Deputies.source
• 2018March 9 – President of the United States Donald Trump accepts an invitation from North Korean leader Kim Jong Un for a meeting in May to discuss the denuclearisation of North Korea.source
• 2018March 18 – In the Russian presidential election, Vladimir Putin is elected for a fourth term.source
• 2018April 1 – 2018 Costa Rican general election: The second round of voting for the presidential election is held and Citizens' Action Party candidate Carlos Alvarado Quesada is elected president.source
• 2018May 8 – U.S. President Donald Trump announces his intention to withdraw the United States from the Iranian nuclear agreement.source
• 2018May 9 – The opposition-led Pakatan Harapan coalition, led by former Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad, secures a parliamentary majority in the Malaysian Parliament as the result of the 2018 Malaysian general election, ending the 61-year rule of the Barisan Nasional coalition since independence in 1957.source
• 2018June 1 – Giuseppe Conte becomes the new Prime Minister of Italy, leading a cabinet described as the "first modern populist government in Western Europe".source
• 2018June 2 – Pedro Sánchez is appointed new Prime Minister of Spain, a day after a vote of no confidence against his predecessor, Mariano Rajoy.source
• 2018June 3 – Snap parliamentary elections are held in Slovenia, following the resignation of prime minister Miro Cerar, to elect all 90 members of the National Assembly of Slovenia, the lower house of the Slovenian Parliament.source
• 2018June 12 – Greece and the Republic of Macedonia reach a deal to end a 27-year naming dispute between both countries, which would result in Macedonia being officially renamed the Republic of North Macedonia.source
• 2018June 12 – The 2018 North Korea–United States summit is held in Singapore. It is the first summit between a sitting United States President and a North Korean leader.source
• 2018June 19 – The United States announces it will withdraw from the United Nations Human Rights Council.source
• 2018July 9 – Eritrea and Ethiopia officially declare an end to their twenty-year conflict.source
• 2018July 20 – Prime Minister, Narendra Modi wins a no confidence motion in the Lok Sabha moved by the opposition.source
• 2018August 24 – Scott Morrison succeeds Malcolm Turnbull as Prime Minister of Australia following a Liberal Party leadership ballot. Morrison is sworn in as Prime Minister later that evening.source
• 2018September 9 – The 2018 Swedish general election is held to elect all 349 members of the Riksdag, Sweden's unicameral legislature.source
• 2018October 28 – The right-wing Jair Bolsonaro is elected as the next President of Brazil, with 55% of the vote.source
• 2018December 9 – Parliamentary elections were held in Armenia on 9 December 2018.source
• 2018December 22 – The United States government enters a second government shutdown, arising over a dispute over funding for the U.S.–Mexico border wall. The shutdown, which lasted until January 25, 2019, is the longest government shutdown in U.S. history.source
• 2019January 10 – Venezuela enters a presidential crisis as Juan Guaidó and the National Assembly declare incumbent President Nicolás Maduro "illegitimate".source
• 2019February 1 – U.S. President Donald Trump confirms that the U.S. will leave the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty of 1987, citing Russian non-compliance. The next day, Russia follows suit with suspension of its obligations to the treaty.source
• 2019February 3 – 2019 Salvadoran presidential election: Nayib Bukele is elected president.source
• 2019February 12 – The Republic of Macedonia renames itself the Republic of North Macedonia, officially ending a decades-old dispute with Greece and paving the way for the former's integration into NATO and the EU.source
• 2019February 23 – 2019 Nigerian general election: Incumbent president Muhammadu Buhari is reelected and the All Progressives Congress party wins 63 out of 109 seats in the Senate of Nigeria and 202 out of 360 seats in the House of Representatives.source
• 2019February 23 – Venezuelan presidential crisis: President Maduro severs diplomatic ties with Colombia amid attempts to send humanitarian aid to the country across the border.source
• 2019February 27–28 – The 2019 North Korea–United States summit is held in Hanoi, Vietnam. It is the second summit between U.S. President Donald Trump and North Korean leader Kim Jong Un.source
• 2019March 19 – Nursultan Nazarbayev resigns as President of Kazakhstan after 29 years in office and appoints Kassym-Jomart Tokayev as acting president. Astana is renamed Nur-Sultan the following day in his honor.source
• 2019April 2 – Abdelaziz Bouteflika resigns as President of Algeria amid widespread protests, after nearly two decades in office.source
• 2019May 18 – 2019 Australian federal election: Scott Morrison's Liberal/National Coalition government is narrowly re-elected, defeating the Labor Party led by Bill Shorten.source
• 2019May 24 – British Prime Minister Theresa May announces her resignation as Conservative leader, effective June 7, 2019.source
• 2019May 27 – U.S. President Donald Trump, during an official state visit to Japan, becomes the first foreign leader to meet with Japanese emperor Naruhito.source
• 2019June 3–5 – U.S. President Donald Trump makes a state visit to the U.K., meeting with Queen Elizabeth II and outgoing Prime Minister Theresa May. It is the first official state visit to the U.K. by a sitting U.S. president since 2011. Trump also attends D-Day commemorative ceremonies.source
• 2019June 7 – British Prime Minister Theresa May resigns as leader of the Conservative Party.source
• 2019June 20–21 – Chinese President Xi Jinping makes a state visit to North Korea. It is his first visit to the country as president and the first visit to North Korea by a Chinese leader since Hu Jintao's visit 14 years prior.source
• 2019July 16 – The European Parliament elects Ursula von der Leyen as the new President of the European Commission. Succeeding Jean-Claude Juncker, she will be sworn in on December 1, 2019. She is the first female to be elected to this office in EU history.source
• 2019July 24 – Boris Johnson becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom after defeating Jeremy Hunt in a leadership contest, succeeding Theresa May.source
• 2019August 21 – Giuseppe Conte offers his resignation as Prime Minister of Italy in order to avoid a no-confidence motion.source
• 2019August 23 – German Chancellor Angela Merkel and French President Emmanuel Macron describe the widespread Amazon fires as an international emergency, urging the matter to be discussed at the weekend's G7 summit.source
• 2019September 24 – U.S. Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi announces the start of a formal impeachment inquiry against President Donald Trump.source
• 2019November 12 – 2019 Bolivian protests: Jeanine Áñez took power as interim President of Bolivia amidst political crisis.source
• 2019November 13 – Public impeachment hearings against U.S. President Donald Trump begin in the House of Representatives.source
• 2019December 18 – The U.S. House of Representatives approves two articles of impeachment against President Trump, making him the third president to be impeached in the nation's history.source
• 2019December 19 – Libya's Government of National Accord activates a cooperation accord with Turkey, allowing for a potential Turkish military intervention in the Second Libyan Civil War.source
• 2020January 5 – 2019–20 Croatian presidential election: The second round of voting is held, and Zoran Milanović of the Social Democratic Party of Croatia defeats incumbent president Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović.source
• 2020January 11 – Presidential and legislative elections are held in Taiwan. Incumbent president Tsai Ing-wen is reelected, and the Democratic Progressive Party wins a majority of 67 out of 113 seats in the Legislative Yuan.source
• 2020February 24 – The Pakatan Harapan coalition government of Malaysia collapses and is replaced by the Perikatan Nasional coalition. Muhyiddin Yassin becomes the eighth Prime Minister of Malaysia on March 1.source
• 2020February 29 – A conditional peace agreement is signed between the United States and the Taliban. The U.S. begins gradually withdrawing combat troops from Afghanistan on March 10.source
• 2020March 17 – The Euro 2020 and 2020 Copa América association football tournaments are postponed until the summer of 2021 by UEFA and CONMEBOL, respectively.source
• 2020April 15 – The 2020 South Korean legislative election is held to elect all 300 members of the National Assembly of South Korea and the Democratic Party of Korea-Platform Party alliance wins 180 out of 300 seats.source
• 2020April 28 – Colombia formalizes its membership with the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), becoming the 37th nation of the organization.source
• 2020May 14 – NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg says the military alliance is "ready to support" the UN-recognized Government of National Accord in Libya while Greece, a member state of NATO, strongly criticizes Stoltenberg's remarks, saying his recognition of the "Muslim Brotherhood government" does not reflect the positions of the military alliance.source
• 2020May 19 – Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas announces the termination of all agreements, including security ones, with Israel and the United States in response to Israel's plans to annex the Jordan Valley.source
• 2020May 24 – Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi pardons 3,157 prisoners to celebrate Eid al-Fitr and, two days later, President of Zambia Edgar Lungu pardons nearly 3,000 inmates to commemorate Africa Freedom Day.source
• 2020June 27 – Micheál Martin succeeds Leo Varadkar as Taoiseach of Ireland, with Varadkar becoming Tánaiste in a historic three-party coalition government.source
• 2020June 30 – China passes the controversial Hong Kong national security law, allowing China to crack down on opposition to Beijing at home or abroad.source
• 2020July 10 – The 2020 Singaporean general election is held to elect all 93 members of the Parliament of Singapore and the People's Action Party, led by prime minister Lee Hsien Loong wins 83 out of 93 seats.source
• 2020July 12 – The second round of voting for the 2020 Polish presidential election is held and incumbent president Andrzej Duda is reelected.source
• 2020August 5 – U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services Alex Azar travels to Taiwan, the highest U.S. official visit to the country in 40 years. The PRC condemns the visit.source
• 2020August 13 – Israel and the UAE agree to normalise relations, marking the third Israel–Arab peace deal.source
• 2020August 23 – Bayern Munich wins the 2019–20 UEFA Champions League by beating Paris Saint-Germain in the final 1–0.source
• 2020August 28 – Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, the longest-serving prime minister in the history of Japan, announces his resignation from office, citing ill health.source
• 2020September 4 – Kosovo and Serbia announce that they will normalize economic relations. The two countries will also move their Israeli embassies to Jerusalem, becoming the third and fourth countries to recognize Jerusalem as Israel's capital.source
• 2020September 4 – Bahrain and Israel agree to normalise relations, marking the fourth Israel–Arab peace deal.source
• 2020September 16 – Yoshihide Suga becomes the new Prime Minister of Japan, replacing Shinzo Abe.source
• 2020October 23 – Israel and Sudan agree to normalise relations, marking the fifth Israel–Arab peace deal.source
• 2020October 23 – At the end of an 11-year demining process, the Falkland Islands are declared free of land mines, 38 years after the end of the 1982 war.source
• 2020December 14 – Turkey–United States relations: The United States places sanctions on Turkey in retaliation for their purchase of a S-400 missile system from Russia, marking the first time they have sanctioned a NATO ally.source
• 2021January 15 – The Lao People's Revolutionary Party elects Thongloun Sisoulith as its new General Secretary, replacing retiring chief Bounnhang Vorachith. Sisoulith is elected for a five-year term as top leader in Laos.source
• 2021February 1 – Kosovo officially establishes diplomatic ties with Israel and announces plans to open an embassy in Jerusalem.source
• 2021April 11 – Peru holds a general election, with Pedro Castillo and the left-wing Free Peru party winning.source
• 2021April 25 – Albania holds parliamentary elections.source
• 2021April 28 – The European Union approves the EU–UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement, governing the relationship between the EU and UK after Brexit.source
• 2021May 19 – The European Parliament unanimously adopted a resolution calling for the formal suspension of accession negotiations between the European Union and Turkey.source
• 2021June 9 – The Legislative Assembly of El Salvador passes legislation to adopt Bitcoin as legal tender in the country, becoming the first country to adopt the cryptocurrency alongside the U.S. dollar.source
• 2021June 13 – Benjamin Netanyahu, the longest-serving prime minister of Israel, is voted out of office; Naftali Bennett and Yair Lapid are sworn in as Prime Minister of Israel and as Alternate Prime Minister of Israel, respectively.source
• 2021June 20 – 2021 Armenian parliamentary election: Acting PM Nikol Pashinyan wins the country's snap election, with his Civil Contract party gaining 54% of the vote.source
• 2021July 13 – After the Supreme Court declares his incumbency unconstitutional, KP Oli is succeeded by Sher Bahadur Deuba as 43rd Prime Minister of Nepal.source
• 2021July 19 – Leftist schoolteacher Pedro Castillo is confirmed as President of Peru over a month after the 2021 Peruvian general election.source
• 2021July 25 – Tunisian president Kais Saied formally takes power in the country, suspending the parliament and sacking the prime minister.source
• 2021September 13 – Prime Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob and Anwar Ibrahim, the leader of the main Malaysian opposition coalition Pakatan Harapan, sign a confidence and supply agreement ending the 18-month political crisis that has led to the fall of two successive governments in Malaysia.source
• 2021September 15 – AUKUS: A trilateral security pact between Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States is formed, to counter the influence of China. This includes enabling Australia to build its first nuclear-powered submarine fleet.source
• 2021September 19 – The 2021 Russian legislative election is held, with the United Russia party winning nearly 50% of the vote.source
• 2021September 20 – The 2021 Canadian federal election is held, with Justin Trudeau and the Liberal Party retaining a minority government.source
• 2021September 26 – The 2021 German federal election is held, with Olaf Scholz and the Social Democratic Party beating out Armin Laschet's CDU/CSU coalition and Annalena Baerbock's Green Party.source
• 2021October 4 – Fumio Kishida becomes the 100th Prime Minister of Japan, succeeding Yoshihide Suga.source
• 2021October 8–October 9 – The 2021 Czech legislative election is held, with the main opposition coalition alliance of SPOLU and Pirates and Mayors gaining a legislative majority.source
• 2021October 9 – Sebastian Kurz announces his resignation as Chancellor of Austria as a result of a corruption probe launched against him.source
• 2021October 31 – The 2021 Japanese general election is held, with Fumio Kishida and the Liberal Democratic Party along with its coalition partner Komeito retaining a majority government.source
• 2021November 24 – Magdalena Andersson resigns as Prime Minister-elect of Sweden hours after the Riksdag voted her in as Sweden's first female prime minister. She was due to take office on 26 November. Instead, she takes office on 30 November.source
• 2021November 30–December 18 – The 2021 FIFA Arab Cup is held in Qatar, and is won by Algeria.source
• 2021December 19 – The second round of the 2021 Chilean presidential election is held; leftist candidate Gabriel Boric is elected President.source
• 2022February 4 – China and Russia issue a joint statement opposing further NATO expansion, expressing "serious concerns" about the AUKUS security pact, and pledging to cooperate with each other on a range of issues.source
• 2022February 21 – February 24 – Russian President Vladimir Putin signs a decree declaring the Luhansk People's Republic and Donetsk People's Republic as independent from Ukraine, and, despite international condemnation and sanctions, launched the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine; at dawn on 24 February missiles strike Kyiv. Ukraine severs diplomatic relations with Russia, followed by the Federated States of Micronesia on 25 February.source
• 2022March 9 – 2022 South Korean presidential election: People Power Party candidate Yoon Suk-yeol is narrowly elected President of South Korea.source
• 2022March 11 – Gabriel Boric is sworn in as President of Chile. He becomes the youngest head of state in the nation's history and the first to be born during the military dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet.source
• 2022March 29 – The Democratic Republic of the Congo is admitted to the East African Community.source
• 2022April 3 – The second round of voting of the 2022 Costa Rican general election is held, and Social Democratic Progress Party presidential candidate Rodrigo Chaves Robles is elected president.source
• 2022April 7 – The UN votes by 93–24 to suspend Russia from the Human Rights Council, with 58 countries abstaining.source
• 2022April 11 – The National Assembly of Pakistan elects leader of the opposition Shehbaz Sharif as prime minister of Pakistan, after Imran Khan is removed from office following a motion of no confidence two days prior.source
• 2022May 15 – Former President of Somalia Hassan Sheikh Mohamud is elected president again, beating President Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed.source
• 2022May 21 – 2022 Australian federal election: The Labor party, led by Anthony Albanese, defeats the Liberal-National Coalition government led by Prime Minister Scott Morrison. Albanese is sworn in as Prime Minister two days later.source
• 2022June 14 – Canada and Denmark end their competing claims for Hans Island by dividing the island roughly in half, ending what was referred to as the Whisky War.source
• 2022July 21 – The Parliament of Sri Lanka elects Prime Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe as President of Sri Lanka, following the resignation of Gotabaya Rajapaksa amid protests over the ongoing economic crisis.source
• 2022August 4 – The Prime Minister of Peru, Aníbal Torres, resigns following multiple criminal investigations against the President of Peru, Pedro Castillo.source
• 2022August 17 – Turkey and Israel agree to restore full diplomatic relations after a period of tensions.source
• 2022September 6 – Liz Truss is appointed Prime Minister of the United Kingdom after winning the July–September 2022 Conservative Party leadership election.source
• 2022September 27 – Russian occupation authorities in Ukraine claim that their annexation referendums show an overwhelming support for the annexation by Russia of the Donetsk People's Republic, the Luhansk People's Republic, and parts of Kherson Oblast and Zaporizhzhia Oblast. However, the voting is widely dismissed as a sham referendum.source
• 2022October 16–October 23 – The 20th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party is held. Xi Jinping is elected as General Secretary by the Central Committee, beginning a third term as the paramount leader of China.source
• 2022October 20 – Amid a government crisis, Liz Truss announces her resignation as leader of the Conservative Party and her intention to resign as prime minister of the United Kingdom, after 45 days in office.source
• 2022October 25 – Rishi Sunak becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, following the resignation of Liz Truss the previous week resulting in a 50-day tenure, making him the first person of colour to become the prime minister.source
• 2022November 2–November 3 – Tigray War: The Ethiopian government and the TPLF agree to a formal cessation of hostilities, signing a peace agreement in Pretoria, South Africa.source
• 2022November 19 – The 2022 Malaysian general election results in a hung parliament, which is the first in the country's history. Long-time opposition leader Anwar Ibrahim is appointed by Yang di-Pertuan Agong Abdullah as prime minister five days later to break the political deadlock and form a unity government.source
• 2022November 20 – 2022 Nepalese general election: The Nepali Congress, led by Prime Minister Sher Bahadur Deuba, emerged as the largest party with 89 seats, but the governing bloc falls short of the majority by two seats, leading into likely coalition government.source
• 2022December 7 – The Congress of Peru removes President Pedro Castillo from office and arrests him after he tries to dissolve Congress in a self-coup attempt. Vice President Dina Boluarte becomes the first female President of Peru.source
• 2022December 17 – Leo Varadkar succeeds Micheál Martin as Taoiseach (Prime Minister) of Ireland, as part of a rotation agreement made in 2020.source
• 2023January 8 – Following the 2022 Brazilian general election and the inauguration of Lula da Silva as president of Brazil, supporters of former Brazilian president Jair Bolsonaro storm the Brazilian National Congress, the Supreme Federal Court and the Presidential Palace of Planalto.source
• 2023January 25 – Chris Hipkins succeeds Jacinda Ardern as Prime Minister of New Zealand, six days after she announced her resignation.source
• 2023February 14 – The European Parliament approves a ban on the sale of new petrol and diesel vehicles in the European Union from 2035, citing the need to combat climate change in Europe and promote electric vehicles.source
• 2023March 26 – Honduras switches its formal diplomatic recognition of "China" from the Republic of China to the People's Republic of China.source
• 2023April 2 – The 2023 Bulgarian parliamentary election results in a GERB—SDS–PP–DB coalition government headed by Nikolai Denkov as prime minister.source
• 2023April 30 – The 2023 Paraguayan general election is held, with the Colorado Party candidate Santiago Peña being the president-elect of Paraguay, winning in a plurality.source
• 2023May 24 – Canada and Saudi Arabia agree to restore full diplomatic relations after a breakdown in relations in 2018 over the assassination of Jamal Khashoggi.source
• 2023June 19 – Qatar and the United Arab Emirates announce that they will restore diplomatic relations after relations were suspended during the Qatar diplomatic crisis.source
• 2023June 25 – The June 2023 Greek legislative election is held; Kyriakos Mitsotakis becomes prime minister after his centre-right party, New Democracy, wins a majority of seats in the Greek parliament.source
• 2023July 4 – Iran joins the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, becoming the organization's ninth member.source
• 2023July 13 – Pita Limjaroenrat fails to become Prime Minister of Thailand in a National Assembly vote after forming a coalition with pro-democracy parties following the 2023 Thai general election.source
• 2023July 23 – The 2023 Spanish general election is held, with the People's Party becoming the largest party in the Congress of Deputies.source
• 2023August 11 – The Narendra Modi led NDA government wins a no confidence motion in the Lok Sabha moved by the INDIA Alliance after an opposition walkout in response to the ethnic violence in the state of Manipur.source
• 2023September 1 – 2023 Singaporean presidential election: Economist and former deputy prime minister Tharman Shanmugaratnam is elected president with a vote share of over 70%.source
• 2023September 30 – 2023 Slovak parliamentary election: Smer, under the leadership of former prime minister Robert Fico, wins a plurality of seats in the National Council.source
• 2023October 3 – Elected on January 8, Kevin McCarthy is removed as Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, with Mike Johnson being elected new Speaker on October 25.source
• 2023October 14 – 2023 New Zealand general election: The National Party wins a plurality of seats under leader Christopher Luxon, while the Labour Party suffers the worst result for an incumbent ruling party in modern New Zealand history.source
• 2023October 15 – In the second round of the 2023 Ecuadorian general election, Daniel Noboa of the National Democratic Action is elected as the youngest-ever President of Ecuador.source
• 2023October 15 – 2023 Polish parliamentary election: The Law and Justice party wins the most seats, but loses its majority, with its incumbent prime minister Mateusz Morawiecki being succeeded by the Civic Platform party's Donald Tusk on 13 December.source
• 2023November 7 – The Portuguese Prime Minister António Costa announces his pending resignation. The President of Portugal decides to dissolve the parliament and call for early elections to be held on 10 March 2024.source
• 2023November 10 – In the Falepili Union treaty, Australia grants "special" freedom of movement and defence rights to Tuvaluans for residence and employment for climate reasons.source
• 2023November 24 – Somalia is admitted as the eighth member of the East African Community, having applied for membership in 2012.source
• 2023December 10–12 – 2023 Egyptian presidential election: Incumbent President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi wins a third term with 89.6 percent of the vote in the election.source
• 2023December 31 – Queen Margrethe II of Denmark announces her abdication effective January 14, 2024, after 52 years on the throne.source
• 2024January 1 – Ethiopia announces an agreement with Somaliland to use the port of Berbera. Ethiopia also says that it will eventually recognize Somaliland's independence, becoming the first country to do so.source
• 2024January 1 – The Republic of Artsakh is formally dissolved following the recapture of the Nagorno-Karabakh region by Azerbaijan.source
• 2024January 1 – Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran and the United Arab Emirates become BRICS members.source
• 2024January 15 – Following a brief political crisis in the aftermath of the 2023 elections, Bernardo Arévalo is inaugurated as the 52nd President of Guatemala.source
• 2024January 22 – Ram Mandir Pran Pratishtha: The Ram Mandir is inaugurated by Prime Minister, Narendra Modi in Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh.source
• 2024February 4 – 2024 Salvadoran presidential election: Incumbent President Nayib Bukele wins the election with over 80% of the vote, becoming the first president to be reelected in El Salvador since 1944.source
• 2024February 11 – 2024 Finnish presidential election: In the closest presidential election in Finnish history, Alexander Stubb is elected president in the second round.source
• 2024March 7 – As the final Nordic country to join the alliance, Sweden officially joins NATO, becoming its 32nd member after Finland a year earlier.source
• 2024March 15–17 – 2024 Russian presidential election: Incumbent Vladimir Putin is reelected for a fifth term.source
• 2024April 9 – Following Leo Varadkar's resignation, Fine Gael leader Simon Harris becomes Ireland's youngest Taoiseach after a Dáil vote of 88–69 and appointment by President Michael D. Higgins.source
• 2024April 10 – 2024 South Korean legislative election: The Democratic Party and Democratic Alliance wins 176 seats, while the People Power and People Future, to which President Yoon Suk Yeol belongs, wins only 108 seats.source
• 2024May 5 – 2024 Panamanian general election: José Raúl Mulino is elected president.source
• 2024May 15 – Lee Hsien Loong, Prime Minister of Singapore since 2004, is succeeded by former Deputy Prime Minister Lawrence Wong as prime minister, ahead of the next general election to be held by 2025.source
• 2024May 29 – 2024 South African general election: The ANC party fails to win a majority of the vote for the first time in South Africa's democratic history.source
• 2024June 6–9 – The 2024 European Parliament election is held. The EPP, of incumbent Commission President Ursula von der Leyen, retains its status as the largest group in parliament amid notable gains by far-right political groups.source
• 2024June 14 – 2024 South African general election: The ANC and other opposition parties agree to form a national unity government, with Cyril Ramaphosa being re-elected President of South Africa.source
• 2024June 14 – July 14 – UEFA Euro 2024 is held in Germany, and is won by Spain.source
• 2024July 4 – 2024 United Kingdom general election: Sir Keir Starmer leads the Labour Party to victory, returning the party to government for the first time in 14 years.source
• 2024July 23 – China brokers a unity agreement between rival Palestinian factions Fatah and Hamas to form a single government.source
• 2024August 14 – The Constitutional Court of Thailand dismisses the Prime Minister Srettha Thavisin for illegally appointing a minister to his cabinet who had a prison sentence. Paetongtarn Shinawatra succeeds him as Prime Minister of Thailand.source
• 2024September 29 – 2024 Austrian legislative election: Far-right Freedom Party secures a historical victory, but does not reach a majority in the National Council. The results are deemed the first far-right win since World War II.source
• 2024October 20 – Prabowo Subianto and Gibran Rakabuming Raka are inaugurated as the president and vice president of Indonesia.source
• 2024December 14 – South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol's powers and duties are suspended after MPs vote to impeach him, following his martial law declaration the previous week.source
• 2024December 27 – Acting President of South Korea Han Duck-soo is impeached by MPs for failing to promulgate two bills related to president Yoon's legal proceedings. He is succeeded by deputy prime minister Choi Sang-mok.source
• 2025January 6 – Indonesia becomes the tenth member to join BRICS.source
• 2025January 23 – Micheál Martin is re-elected prime minister (Taoiseach) of Ireland by Dáil Éireann for a second non-consecutive term.source
• 2025January 29 – Ahmed al-Sharaa is appointed as the president of Syria, after a one-month vacancy following the fall of the Assad regime.source
• 2025February 18 – Vladimir Putin announces that Russia and the United States have officially agreed to restore diplomatic relations. A four-hour summit between the US and Russia is held in Saudi Arabia.source
• 2025February 23 – 2025 German federal election: After being pushed forward as a result of the 2024 German government crisis, the centre-right CDU/CSU becomes the largest party, with big gains from the far-right AfD, resulting in a second-place finish.source
• 2025February 28 – A meeting between U.S. president Donald Trump and Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy takes place at the White House. Trump and V.P. JD Vance sharply criticise Zelenskyy, raising questions about support for Ukraine, a proposed end to the war, and the country's future in general.source
• 2025May 3 – 2025 Australian federal election: The incumbent Labor Party led by Anthony Albanese wins reelection, increasing their majority.source
• 2025May 6 – 2025 German federal election: Friedrich Merz is elected Chancellor of Germany in the second round of parliamentary voting, hours after being defeated in the first round, a first in post-WWII German history.source
• 2025May 18 – 2025 Romanian presidential election: Following the annulment of the previous election, Bucharest mayor Nicușor Dan wins in the second round, beating George Simion.source
• 2025June 1 – 2025 Polish presidential election: Karol Nawrocki is narrowly elected President of Poland in the second round of voting, beating Rafał Trzaskowski.source
• 2025June 27 – The U.S., with Qatari support, brokers a preliminary peace treaty between the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda, ending their armed conflict that started in 2022.source
• 2025July 21 – Twenty-eight countries issue a joint statement calling for an immediate end to the Gaza war, saying it has "reached new depths" in terms of the suffering of civilians.source
• 2025August 8 – Armenia and Azerbaijan sign a peace deal to end 37-year-old hostilities regarding the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.source
• 2025August 15 – 2025 Russia–United States Summit: US president Donald Trump meets with Russian president Vladimir Putin in Anchorage, Alaska, to discuss a plan for resolving the Russo-Ukrainian war.source
• 2025September 12 – Former chief justice Sushila Karki assumes office as interim prime minister of an interim government formed after K. P. Sharma Oli's resignation in Nepal, the decision notably being decided via a poll on a social media platform, Discord.source
• 2025September 21 – The UK, Canada, and Australia announce their formal recognition of Palestine as a sovereign state, with France also doing so the next day.source
• 2025September 28 – 2025 Moldovan parliamentary election: Incumbent pro-European party PAS wins reelection, forming another majority government.source
• 2025October 10 – Dina Boluarte, the President of Peru, is unanimously impeached by the Congress of the Republic.source
• 2025October 21 – Sanae Takaichi becomes the first female Prime Minister of Japan.source
• 2025October 26 – 2025 Argentine legislative election: Incumbent President Javier Milei's party La Libertad Avanza wins the election with over 40% of the votes.source
• 2025October 29 – 2025 Dutch general election: Social liberal party Democrats 66 ties with right-wing populist party Party for Freedom in most number of seats.source
• 2025November 10–21 – The COP30 summit is held in Belém, Brazil, focusing on the role of the Amazon rainforest in climate action.source
• 2025December 14 – 2025 Chilean general election: José Antonio Kast is elected President of Chile. Right-wing coalitions gain control of the Chamber of Deputies and tie in the Senate.source
• 2025December 26 – Israel becomes the first country to recognize Somaliland.source