Technology & Infrastructure in the 14th century

50 sourced entries, 1309 CE to 1398 CE, oldest first. Also see Technology & Infrastructure across every century or everything else in the 14th century.

• 1309The village of Lukáčovce in Slovakia first appears in the historical records.source
• 1315In the Netherlands, Vlissingen (Anglicized to "Flushing" later) is granted city rights.source
• 1317February 1 – Manuel Pessanha of Genoa is appointed as the first Chief Admiral of Portugal (Almirante-mor) by King Denis, and charged with organizing a permanent navy for the kingdom, with 20 warships and hiring Genoese captains to recruit sailors. The organization of the Portuguese Royal Navy is completed by December 12.source
• 1319A bridge over the River Liffey was built. It resulted in the urban centre of Old Kilcullen (now simply Kilcullen) moving 2 km north-east to the bridge.Irelandsource
• 1320The Venetian Arsenal, a dockyard for naval ships, is rebuilt, known as the Arsenale Nuovo.source
• 1320Henri de Mondeville, French surgeon and physician, writes La Chirurgie, the first textbook on surgery by a Frenchmen.source
• 1322The Dalmatian House of Keglević (generatio Percal) is mentioned in a document for the first time.source
• 1324Alexander de Bicknor starts the construction of Tallaght CastleIrelandsource
• 1327In China, the Grand Canal, which runs from Beijing to Hangzhou over a distance of 1,800 km, is completed.source
• 1329Construction begins on the Archcathedral Basilica of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary and Saint Andrew in Frombork, Poland.source
• 1333Jan IV of Dražic, Bishop of Prague, founds a friary and builds a stone bridge at Roudnice in Bohemia.source
• 1333The Kapellbrücke wooden bridge over the Reuss in Lucerne (Switzerland) is built; by the 20th century it will be the world's oldest truss bridge and Europe's oldest covered bridge.source
• 1335Aabenraa is chartered as a city.source
• 1335The title The Clanricarde, was a Gaelic title meaning "Richard's family", or "(head of) Richard's family" was first recorded.Irelandsource
• 1339The Moscow Kremlin is first referred to as a kremlin.source
• 1339All streets in the city of Florence are paved, the first European city in post-Roman times where this has happened.source
• 1341Casimir III of Poland builds a masonry castle in Lublin, and encircles the city with defensive walls.source
• 1344A large public dial clock is installed in the tower of the Palazzo Capitaniato, Padua, commissioned by Prince Ubertino I da Carrara and supervised by Jacopo Dondi dell'Orologio.source
• 1346Repairs are made in the Hagia Sophia.source
• 1348April 23 – Edward III of England creates the first English order of chivalry, the Most Noble Order of the Garter.source
• 1351The region of Vantaa in Finland is first mentioned (as Helsinge).source
• 1356The Castelvecchio Bridge in Verona is probably completed this year; its main span of 48.7 m is the world's longest arch at this time.source
• 1357July 9 – Construction formally begins on Charles Bridge in Prague.source
• 1357The Wat Phra Si Rattana Mahathat (Famous Wat Yai) Temple is constructed in Phitsanulok, Thailand.source
• 1361The earliest known musical keyboard instrument is built, with the layout of black and white keys that becomes standard.source
• 1369Charles V of France orders Hugues Aubriot to construct the fortress of the Bastille in Paris.source
• 1369The official production of Jingdezhen porcelain in Ming dynasty China is on record.source
• 1370The steel crossbow is first used as a weapon of war.source
• 1370Hugues Aubriot begins construction of the fortress of the Bastille in Paris.source
• 1370The city of Xi'an in Ming dynasty China is given a new defensive city wall.source
• 1371The Hongwu Emperor of the Ming dynasty in China introduces the census registration system of lijia, or the hundreds-and-tithing system, throughout the Yangzi Valley. This system groups households into units of ten and groups of one hundred, whereupon their capacities for paying taxes and providing the state with corvée labor service can be assessed. The system becomes fully operational in 1381, when it counts 59,873,305 people living in China (the historian Timothy Brook asserts that the number was much higher, somewhere between 65 million and 75 million).source
• 1371The first widely accepted historical reference is made to playing cards (in Spain).source
• 1374September 17 – King Lajos of Hungary, in his role as King Ludwik of Poland, promulgates the Privilege of Koszyce, granting major concessions to the nobles of Poland in return for the nobles' pledge that they will recognize his daughter, Jadwiga, as the reigning monarch upon his death. The privileges granted are a release from paying a tribute to the King as a form of property tax, except for a token amount, limiting appointments to office to persons of Polish ethnicity, release from obligations to build and repair towns, bridges and castles, release from payment of the king's expenses, and a reimbursement by the King to the nobles to pay soldiers' wages.source
• 1374The Château de Compiègne royal residence is built in France.source
• 1376In Mexico, Acamapichtli becomes the first tlatoani (emperor) of Tenochtitlan, according to the Codex Aubin, reigning until 1395. However, the Codex Chimalpahin, his reign was from 1367 to 1387, and Codex Chimalpopoca lists his reign as being from 1350 to 1403.source
• 1377August – The Hongwu Emperor of the Ming dynasty of China scraps the Office of Reports Inspection (established in 1370) for a new Office of Transmission, in his efforts to create a more efficient communicatory system in the empire. A month before this he noted that anyone could send memorials to the throne; commoners often did, although the only times their petitions were read aloud to the emperor were when they called for the impeachment of local officials who were not up to par with their official duties.Wilkinson, 534–535.source
• 1377The Trezzo sull'Adda Bridge is completed in Lombardy, and becomes the longest single-arch bridge in the world to be built for four centuries.source
• 1378The Raseborg Castle is mentioned for the first time in documents, but its actual date of foundation is unknown.source
• 1383Löwenbräu beer is first brewed.source
• 1383Construction of the Bastille fortress is completed in Paris, France.source
• 1386Construction begins on the Brancacci Chapel in Florence.source
• 1389May 21 – Sir John Roches is made Admiral of the North and Western Fleets of the English Navy by King Richard II, but serves for only a month, until June 22.source
• 1389Carmo Convent is built in Lisbon, Portugal.source
• 1390June 7 – Construction begins on San Petronio Basilica in Bologna.source
• 1390Templo Mayor, the main temple of the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan (now Mexico City), is built.source
• 1394The Hongwu Emperor of the Ming dynasty in China orders the Ministry of Public Works to issue a public notice, that every 100 households in the lijia system are to set aside 2 mu (1,390 m 2 ) of land, for planting mulberry and jujube trees.source
• 1396Timur orders the construction of a garden in a meadow, House of Flowers.source
• 1396Peasants in the modern-day provinces of Hunan and Hubei in the east of China plant 84 million fruit trees.source
• 1397Neuhausergasse 4, the brewer of Spaten, is listed on the register of Munich breweries.source
• 1398July 22 – The first ships to complete passage on the 60 mi long Stecknitz Canal in Germany arrive at Lübeck, with 30 barges carrying salt from Lüneburg. The canal, completed after seven years between the rivers Elbe and Trave, is one of the earliest navigable summit level canals in the world.source